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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE - La Société

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la société, tels que « strate », « ethnicité », « caste », etc. qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum
[nom]

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

classe, strate

classe, strate

Ex: The political party gained support from the stratum.

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

acculturation

acculturation

Ex: Cultural festivals serve as platforms acculturation, where people from different backgrounds share and celebrate their customs .

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

apartheid

apartheid

Ex: He wrote a book detailing his experiences growing up apartheid.

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristocratie

aristocratie

Ex: aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .

the society's middle class

bourgeoisie

bourgeoisie

class-conscious
[Adjectif]

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

conscient des classes, sensibilisé aux classes

conscient des classes, sensibilisé aux classes

hierarchical
[Adjectif]

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

hiérarchique, structuré en niveaux

hiérarchique, structuré en niveaux

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

segment démographique

segment démographique

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

origine ethnique, appartenance ethnique

origine ethnique, appartenance ethnique

Ex: The festival showcases music , food , and art from ethnicities around the world .

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

strict minimum

strict minimum

Ex: The family struggled to subsistence on their small farm .

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

grand patron

grand patron

Ex: During the empire , the emperor was considered the overlord.
polity
[nom]

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

polity, organisation politique

polity, organisation politique

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

séparer, discriminer

séparer, discriminer

caste
[nom]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

caste, classe sociale

caste, classe sociale

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

partisan de l'idéologie de la suprématie raciale

partisan de l'idéologie de la suprématie raciale

Ex: supremacist's rhetoric fueled division and conflict in the community .

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

asile politique

asile politique

Ex: The government political asylum to the journalist who fled from a repressive regime .

a person who gives money or support to help others

bienfaiteur, bienfaitrice

bienfaiteur, bienfaitrice

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

lutte des classes

lutte des classes

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

expulsion

expulsion

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

discrimination

discrimination

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

déplacer

déplacer

elite
[nom]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

élite

élite

Ex: He aspired to join the elite of the academic world .

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

homophobie

homophobie

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

appauvrir

appauvrir

indigent
[Adjectif]

extremely poor or in need

indigent

indigent

intersectional
[Adjectif]

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

intersectionnelle, intersectionnel

intersectionnelle, intersectionnel

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

marginaliser

marginaliser

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

naturaliser

naturaliser

Ex: The family eagerly awaited their turn to naturalized, excited to officially become citizens of their new country and fully participate in its democratic process .
parity
[nom]

a state in which two or more things are equal

parité, égalité

parité, égalité

Ex: They discussed ways to parity in funding for rural and urban schools .
penury
[nom]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

extrême pauvreté, misère

extrême pauvreté, misère

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

discrimination positive, affirmative action

discrimination positive, affirmative action

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

système de quotas

système de quotas

Ex: quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

bailleur de fonds malveillant, propriétaire de taudis

bailleur de fonds malveillant, propriétaire de taudis

Ex: After years of neglect , the government intervened and forced slumlord to improve the living conditions of their tenants or face legal consequences .

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

conscience sociale, sensibilité sociale

conscience sociale, sensibilité sociale

bigotry
[nom]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

sectarisme, intolérance

sectarisme, intolérance

unrest
[nom]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

agitation, troubles

agitation, troubles

Ex: The rise in fuel prices unrest among the workers .
Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE
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