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واژگان ضروری برای GRE - جامعه کافه

در اینجا شما برخی از کلمات انگلیسی در مورد جامعه، مانند "طبقه"، "قومیت"، "کاست" و غیره را که برای آزمون GRE لازم است یاد خواهید گرفت.

مرور

فلش‌کارت‌ها

املای کلمه

آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum
stratum
[اسم]

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

قشر (جامعه‌شناسی), طبقه اجتماعی

قشر (جامعه‌شناسی), طبقه اجتماعی

Ex: The study focused on the middle-income stratum of society. 
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acculturation

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

فرهنگ پذیری

فرهنگ پذیری

Ex: The immigrant community experienced acculturation as they integrated aspects of the host country's culture into their own traditions. 
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apartheid
apartheid
[اسم]

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

نظام آپارتاید

نظام آپارتاید

Ex: Activists fought tirelessly to end apartheid and achieve equality. 
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aristocracy
aristocracy
[اسم]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

آریستوکراسی, طبقه اشراف

آریستوکراسی, طبقه اشراف

Ex: The event was attended by members of the aristocracy in elegant attire. 
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bourgeoisie
bourgeoisie
[اسم]

the society's middle class

بورژوازی

بورژوازی

Ex: The bourgeoisie in the 19th century played a significant role in shaping economic and social structures. 
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class-conscious

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

طبقه‌آگاه, آگاه به سلسله مراتب اجتماعی

طبقه‌آگاه, آگاه به سلسله مراتب اجتماعی

Ex: The students were very class-conscious, often discussing social status. 
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hierarchical
hierarchical
[صفت]

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

سلسله مراتبی

سلسله مراتبی

Ex: The hierarchical structure of the organization ensures clear lines of authority and responsibility. 
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demographic
demographic
[اسم]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

جامعه آماری, جمعیت آماری

جامعه آماری, جمعیت آماری

Ex: The new marketing strategy aims to target a younger demographic. 
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ethnicity
ethnicity
[اسم]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

قومیت, نژاد

قومیت, نژاد

Ex: The census form asked respondents to indicate their ethnicity. 
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subsistence
subsistence
[اسم]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

بخورونمیر

بخورونمیر

Ex: The workers earned barely enough for subsisten 
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overlord
overlord
[اسم]

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

مافوق, ارباب

مافوق, ارباب

Ex: The medieval lord acted as an overlord over the neighboring villages. 
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polity
polity
[اسم]

the specific form or system of government of a society or institution

موجودیت سیاسی, نهاد سیاسی

موجودیت سیاسی, نهاد سیاسی

Ex: The church adopted a new polity emphasizing local autonomy. 
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to segregate
to segregate
[فعل]

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

جدا کردن, تفکیک کردن

جدا کردن, تفکیک کردن

Ex: The organization's membership criteria segregate individuals based on their religious beliefs. 
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caste
caste
[اسم]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

نظام اجتماعی برپایه‌ی تمایزات طبقاتی

نظام اجتماعی برپایه‌ی تمایزات طبقاتی

Ex: The caste system in India historically divided society into hierarchical groups based on birth, occupation, and social status. 
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supremacist
supremacist
[اسم]

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

برتری‌گرا, نژادپرست، خودبرتربین

برتری‌گرا, نژادپرست، خودبرتربین

Ex: Authorities arrested a supremacist who was spreading hate speech online. 
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political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

پناهندگی سیاسی

پناهندگی سیاسی

Ex: She sought political asylum after facing persecution in her home country. 
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benefactor
benefactor
[اسم]

a person who gives money or support to help others

نیکوکار, بانی

نیکوکار, بانی

Ex: The charity thanked its generous benefactor at the annual gala. 
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class struggle

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

تضاد طبقاتی, مبارزه طبقاتی

تضاد طبقاتی, مبارزه طبقاتی

Ex: The novel explores themes of class struggle in a rapidly industrializing society. 
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deportation
deportation
[اسم]

the expulsion of a non-citizen or foreigner from a country, often for being undesirable or violating laws

اخراج (از کشور میزبان), دیپورت

اخراج (از کشور میزبان), دیپورت

Ex: The authorities ordered the deportation of illegal immigrants. 
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discrimination

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

تبعیض

تبعیض

Ex: The company faced a lawsuit for discrimination against female employees. 
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to displace
to displace
[فعل]

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

بیرون راندن, آواره کردن

بیرون راندن, آواره کردن

Ex: The conflict in the region has continued to displace thousands of families. 
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elite
elite
[اسم]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

نخبه, نخبگان

نخبه, نخبگان

Ex: The elite gathered at the exclusive club for their annual meeting. 
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homophobia
homophobia
[اسم]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

هوموفوبیا, هم‌جنس‌گراهراسی، هم‌جنس‌گراستیزی

هوموفوبیا, هم‌جنس‌گراهراسی، هم‌جنس‌گراستیزی

Ex: The campaign aims to raise awareness about the effects of homophobia. 
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to impoverish

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

فقیر کردن

فقیر کردن

Ex: The economic crisis began to impoverish many families in the region. 
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indigent
indigent
[صفت]

extremely poor or in need

فقیر, تنگ‌دست

فقیر, تنگ‌دست

Ex: The indigent population relied on government assistance for survival. 
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intersectional

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

تقاطعی

تقاطعی

Ex: Her research focused on intersectional issues affecting women of color. 
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to marginalize

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

مورد کم‌توجهی قرار دادن, منزوی کردن، نادیده گرفتن، کنار گذاشتن، به حاشیه راندن

مورد کم‌توجهی قرار دادن, منزوی کردن، نادیده گرفتن، کنار گذاشتن، به حاشیه راندن

Ex: Historically, indigenous communities have been marginalized and deprived of their land rights. 
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to naturalize

to grant citizenship to a foreigner

تبعه کردن, به تابعیت کشوری درآوردن، شهروند کردن

تبعه کردن, به تابعیت کشوری درآوردن، شهروند کردن

Ex: He was naturalized after passing the citizenship exam. 
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parity
parity
[اسم]

a state in which two or more things are equal

برابری, تساوی

برابری, تساوی

Ex: The company aims to achieve parity in salaries between male and female employees. 
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penury
penury
[اسم]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

تنگ‌دستی, فقر

تنگ‌دستی, فقر

Ex: He grew up in penury, struggling to meet basic needs. 
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positive discrimination

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

تبعیض مثبت, اقدام مثبت

تبعیض مثبت, اقدام مثبت

Ex: The company implemented positive discrimination to improve diversity in hiring. 
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quota system
quota system
[اسم]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

سیستم سهمیه‌بندی

سیستم سهمیه‌بندی

Ex: The government implemented a quota system to control immigration numbers. 
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slumlord
slumlord
[اسم]

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

صاحب‌خانه در مناطق فقیرنشین

صاحب‌خانه در مناطق فقیرنشین

Ex: The city cracked down on slumlords who neglected their properties, leaving tenants living in squalor. 
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social conscience

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

وجدان اجتماعی, آگاهی اجتماعی

وجدان اجتماعی, آگاهی اجتماعی

Ex: Her social conscience led her to volunteer at the homeless shelter. 
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bigotry
bigotry
[اسم]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

تعصب, سرسختی در عقیده، عدم تحمل عقاید مخالف

تعصب, سرسختی در عقیده، عدم تحمل عقاید مخالف

Ex: The community was shocked by the bigotry expressed in the hateful speech. 
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unrest
unrest
[اسم]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

ناآرامی, اغتشاش

ناآرامی, اغتشاش

Ex: The government’s decision sparked widespread unrest across the country. 
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