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واژگان ضروری برای GRE - کافه جامعه

در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد جامعه آشنا می شوید، مانند "stratum"، "ethnicity"، "caste" و غیره که برای آزمون GRE مورد نیاز است.

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شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

قشر (جامعه‌شناسی)

قشر (جامعه‌شناسی)

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acculturation

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

فرهنگ پذیری

فرهنگ پذیری

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apartheid

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

نظام آپارتاید

نظام آپارتاید

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aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

آریستوکراسی

آریستوکراسی

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bourgeoisie

the society's middle class

بورژوازی

بورژوازی

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class-conscious

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

آگاه از طبقات

آگاه از طبقات

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hierarchical

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

ساختاری

ساختاری

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demographic

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

جامعه آماری

جامعه آماری

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ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

قومیت

قومیت

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subsistence

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

بخورونمیر

بخورونمیر

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overlord

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

مافوق

مافوق

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polity

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

موجودیت سیاسی

موجودیت سیاسی

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to segregate

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

جداسازی کردن

جداسازی کردن

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caste

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

نظام اجتماعی برپایه‌ی تمایزات طبقاتی

نظام اجتماعی برپایه‌ی تمایزات طبقاتی

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supremacist

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

برتری‌گرا

برتری‌گرا

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political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

پناهندگی سیاسی

پناهندگی سیاسی

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benefactor

a person who gives money or support to help others

نیکوکار

نیکوکار

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class struggle

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

تضاد طبقاتی

تضاد طبقاتی

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deportation

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

اخراج (از کشور میزبان)

اخراج (از کشور میزبان)

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discrimination

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

تبعیض

تبعیض

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to displace

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

بیرون راندن

بیرون راندن

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elite

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

نخبه

نخبه

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homophobia

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

هوموفوبیا

هوموفوبیا

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to impoverish

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

فقیر کردن

فقیر کردن

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indigent

extremely poor or in need

فقیر

فقیر

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intersectional

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

تقاطع‌گرایانه

تقاطع‌گرایانه

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to marginalize

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

مورد کم‌توجهی قرار دادن

مورد کم‌توجهی قرار دادن

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to naturalize

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

تبعه کردن

تبعه کردن

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parity

a state in which two or more things are equal

برابری

برابری

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penury

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

تنگ‌دستی

تنگ‌دستی

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positive discrimination

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

حساسیت مثبت

حساسیت مثبت

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quota system

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

سیستم سهمیه‌بندی

سیستم سهمیه‌بندی

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slumlord

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

صاحب‌خانه در مناطق فقیرنشین

صاحب‌خانه در مناطق فقیرنشین

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social conscience

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

وجدان اجتماعی

وجدان اجتماعی

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bigotry

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

تعصب

تعصب

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unrest

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

ناآرامی

ناآرامی

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