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المفردات الضرورية للاختبار GRE - مجتمع المقاهي

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية عن المجتمع، مثل "طبقة"، "عرق"، "طبقة اجتماعية"، إلخ. التي يحتاجها اختبار GRE.

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الهجاء

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum
[اسم]

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

فئة, طبقة

فئة, طبقة

Ex: The political party gained support from the stratum.

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

التكيف الثقافي, الاندماج الثقافي

التكيف الثقافي, الاندماج الثقافي

Ex: Cultural festivals serve as platforms acculturation, where people from different backgrounds share and celebrate their customs .
apartheid
[اسم]

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

نظام الفصل العنصري, الفصل العنصري

نظام الفصل العنصري, الفصل العنصري

Ex: He wrote a book detailing his experiences growing up apartheid.
aristocracy
[اسم]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

أرستوقراطية, نبلاء

أرستوقراطية, نبلاء

Ex: aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .
bourgeoisie
[اسم]

the society's middle class

البرجوازية, الطبقة الوسطى

البرجوازية, الطبقة الوسطى

Ex: The revolutionaries aimed to overthrow bourgeoisie and establish a more equitable society .

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

واعٍ بالطبقات, مدرك للتفاوت الطبقي

واعٍ بالطبقات, مدرك للتفاوت الطبقي

Ex: He grew up in class-conscious environment , aware of the differences in social classes .
hierarchical
[صفة]

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

هرمي, تراتبي

هرمي, تراتبي

Ex: The military operates on hierarchical chain of command , with officers giving orders to subordinates .
demographic
[اسم]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

الديموغرافيا, التركيبة السكانية

الديموغرافيا, التركيبة السكانية

Ex: Companies often tailor their products to appeal to a demographic.
ethnicity
[اسم]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

العرق, الهوية العرقية

العرق, الهوية العرقية

Ex: The festival showcases music , food , and art from ethnicities around the world .
subsistence
[اسم]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

مَعِيشَة, بَقَاء

مَعِيشَة, بَقَاء

Ex: The family struggled to subsistence on their small farm .
overlord
[اسم]

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

سيد, ملك

سيد, ملك

Ex: During the empire , the emperor was considered the overlord.
polity
[اسم]

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

تشكيل سياسي, نظام سياسي

تشكيل سياسي, نظام سياسي

Ex: The European Union is a polity composed of member states that have agreed to share sovereignty in certain areas of governance .
to segregate
[فعل]

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

يفصل, يميز

يفصل, يميز

Ex: The university came under scrutiny segregating students into separate dormitories based on their ethnicity .
caste
[اسم]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

نظام الطبقات, الكيان الطبقي

نظام الطبقات, الكيان الطبقي

Ex: Efforts to address caste-based discrimination require legislative measures, educational reforms, and social awareness campaigns to promote equality and inclusivity.
supremacist
[اسم]

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

متفوق عرقي, متطرف عرقي

متفوق عرقي, متطرف عرقي

Ex: supremacist's rhetoric fueled division and conflict in the community .

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

اللجوء السياسي, حق اللجوء السياسي

اللجوء السياسي, حق اللجوء السياسي

Ex: The government political asylum to the journalist who fled from a repressive regime .
benefactor
[اسم]

a person who gives money or support to help others

مُحسِن, مُتبرّع

مُحسِن, مُتبرّع

Ex: She wrote a letter to benefactor, expressing her appreciation for the support .

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

صراع الطبقات, نضال الطبقات

صراع الطبقات, نضال الطبقات

Ex: The activist spoke about the class struggle in modern urban environments .
deportation
[اسم]

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

ترحيل, إبعاد

ترحيل, إبعاد

Ex: Despite living in the country for years , he deportation after being convicted of a serious crime .

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

تمييز, انحياز

تمييز, انحياز

Ex: She spoke out discrimination after witnessing unfair treatment of her colleagues .
to displace
[فعل]

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

تشريد, إبعاد

تشريد, إبعاد

Ex: The wildfire raging through the forest threatened displace residents in nearby towns .
elite
[اسم]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

النخبة, الأعيان

النخبة, الأعيان

Ex: He aspired to join the elite of the academic world .
homophobia
[اسم]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

رهاب المثلية, كراهية المثلية

رهاب المثلية, كراهية المثلية

Ex: The school 's new policy addresses and seeks to homophobia.

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

أفقر, أصاب بالفقر

أفقر, أصاب بالفقر

Ex: By the time the reforms were introduced , the region had already impoverished.
indigent
[صفة]

extremely poor or in need

محروم, فقير للغاية

محروم, فقير للغاية

Ex: The nonprofit organization aimed to provide support and resources for the indigent community.

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

تقاطع, تشابكي

تقاطع, تشابكي

Ex: Intersectional feminism looks at how various forms of oppression intersect .

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

هامشية, تجاهل

هامشية, تجاهل

Ex: marginalizing diverse perspectives , we limit our ability to address complex social issues effectively .

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

تجنس, يحصل على الجنسية

تجنس, يحصل على الجنسية

Ex: The family eagerly awaited their turn to naturalized, excited to officially become citizens of their new country and fully participate in its democratic process .
parity
[اسم]

a state in which two or more things are equal

تماشي, مساواة

تماشي, مساواة

Ex: They discussed ways to parity in funding for rural and urban schools .
penury
[اسم]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

فقر مدقع, عوز

فقر مدقع, عوز

Ex: The sudden loss of his job pushed him into a state penury.

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

التمييز الإيجابي, التحسين الإيجابي

التمييز الإيجابي, التحسين الإيجابي

Ex: The scholarship program was an example positive discrimination to support minority students .
quota system
[اسم]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

نظام الحصص, نظام الكوتا

نظام الحصص, نظام الكوتا

Ex: quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .
slumlord
[اسم]

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

مالك العقارات الفقيرة, مُؤَجِّر المنازل السيئة

مالك العقارات الفقيرة, مُؤَجِّر المنازل السيئة

Ex: After years of neglect , the government intervened and forced slumlord to improve the living conditions of their tenants or face legal consequences .

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

الضمير الاجتماعي, الوعي الاجتماعي

الضمير الاجتماعي, الوعي الاجتماعي

Ex: The film highlighted the importance of having social conscience in addressing inequality .
bigotry
[اسم]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

تعصب, تحيز

تعصب, تحيز

Ex: They worked hard to challenge bigotry that was prevalent in their society .
unrest
[اسم]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

اضطراب, سخط

اضطراب, سخط

Ex: The rise in fuel prices unrest among the workers .
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