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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa GRE - Lipunan ng Café

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa lipunan, tulad ng "stratum", "ethnicity", "caste", atbp. na kailangan para sa GRE exam.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum
[Pangngalan]

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

antas, sukatan

antas, sukatan

acculturation
[Pangngalan]

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

akulturasyon, pagsasakatawan ng kultura

akulturasyon, pagsasakatawan ng kultura

Ex: Cultural festivals serve as platforms acculturation, where people from different backgrounds share and celebrate their customs .
apartheid
[Pangngalan]

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

apartheid, paghihiwalay batay sa lahi

apartheid, paghihiwalay batay sa lahi

Ex: He wrote a book detailing his experiences growing up apartheid.
aristocracy
[Pangngalan]

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

aristokrasya, pang-uri ng mga mayayamang tao

aristokrasya, pang-uri ng mga mayayamang tao

Ex: aristocracy opposed many social reforms that threatened their privileges .
bourgeoisie
[Pangngalan]

the society's middle class

burgisya, antas gitnang uri

burgisya, antas gitnang uri

class-conscious
[pang-uri]

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

may kamalayan sa uri, may kamalayan sa estado ng lipunan

may kamalayan sa uri, may kamalayan sa estado ng lipunan

hierarchical
[pang-uri]

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

hierarkikal, hiyas ng ranggo

hierarkikal, hiyas ng ranggo

demographic
[Pangngalan]

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

demograpiko, demograpiya

demograpiko, demograpiya

ethnicity
[Pangngalan]

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

lahi, etnisidad

lahi, etnisidad

Ex: The festival showcases music , food , and art from ethnicities around the world .
subsistence
[Pangngalan]

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

pamumuhay, pagkakaroon ng sapat na kabuhayan

pamumuhay, pagkakaroon ng sapat na kabuhayan

overlord
[Pangngalan]

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

overlord, sobrang panginoon

overlord, sobrang panginoon

polity
[Pangngalan]

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

pamahalaan, pampulitikang organisasyon

pamahalaan, pampulitikang organisasyon

to segregate
[Pandiwa]

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

segregate, hatiin

segregate, hatiin

caste
[Pangngalan]

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

kasta, antas ng lipunan

kasta, antas ng lipunan

supremacist
[Pangngalan]

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

nagmamalabis na tao, superiorista

nagmamalabis na tao, superiorista

political asylum
[Pangngalan]

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

pulitikal na asilo, asilo ng pulitika

pulitikal na asilo, asilo ng pulitika

benefactor
[Pangngalan]

a person who gives money or support to help others

tagapagbigay, mabuting loob

tagapagbigay, mabuting loob

class struggle
[Pangngalan]

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

labanan ng uri, pagtutunggali ng mga uri

labanan ng uri, pagtutunggali ng mga uri

deportation
[Pangngalan]

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

pagpapalayas, deportasyon

pagpapalayas, deportasyon

discrimination
[Pangngalan]

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

diskriminasyon, pagtangi

diskriminasyon, pagtangi

to displace
[Pandiwa]

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

magtanggal, magpatalsik

magtanggal, magpatalsik

elite
[Pangngalan]

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

elita, pangkat ng mga piling tao

elita, pangkat ng mga piling tao

Ex: He aspired to join the elite of the academic world .
homophobia
[Pangngalan]

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

homophobia, paghawak ng negatibong damdamin sa mga homosexual

homophobia, paghawak ng negatibong damdamin sa mga homosexual

to impoverish
[Pandiwa]

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

magpahirap, magpayaman

magpahirap, magpayaman

indigent
[pang-uri]

extremely poor or in need

napakabihag, naghihirap

napakabihag, naghihirap

intersectional
[pang-uri]

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

interseksiyonal, nag-uugnay na antas

interseksiyonal, nag-uugnay na antas

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

itinatwa, binabalewala

itinatwa, binabalewala

to naturalize
[Pandiwa]

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

ipinanganak na muli, ipawalang-bisa

ipinanganak na muli, ipawalang-bisa

parity
[Pangngalan]

a state in which two or more things are equal

pagsasawalang-bahala, pagkapantay-pantay

pagsasawalang-bahala, pagkapantay-pantay

penury
[Pangngalan]

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

kahirapan, paghihirap

kahirapan, paghihirap

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

positibong diskriminasyon, positibong pagkakaiba-iba

positibong diskriminasyon, positibong pagkakaiba-iba

quota system
[Pangngalan]

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

sistema ng quota, sistemang dami

sistema ng quota, sistemang dami

Ex: quota system ensures that immigration levels remain manageable .
slumlord
[Pangngalan]

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

mang-uusap sa paupahan, masamang may-ari ng bahay

mang-uusap sa paupahan, masamang may-ari ng bahay

social conscience
[Pangngalan]

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

kamalayang panlipunan, kamalayan sa kapakanan ng iba

kamalayang panlipunan, kamalayan sa kapakanan ng iba

bigotry
[Pangngalan]

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

pagtangi, diskriminasyon

pagtangi, diskriminasyon

unrest
[Pangngalan]

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

di pagkakaunawaan, paghihimagsik

di pagkakaunawaan, paghihimagsik

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