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GRE 必备词汇 - 咖啡协会

在这里你将学习一些GRE考试所需的有关社会的英语单词,例如“stratum”、“ethnicity”、“caste”等。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
stratum

a group of people with similar social standing, education, or income

层

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acculturation

the process of cultural exchange and adaptation when individuals or groups from different cultures come into contact, leading to changes in their respective cultural patterns

文化适应

文化适应

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apartheid

a system where people are treated differently or separated based on their race, ethnicity, or other characteristics

种族隔离制度

种族隔离制度

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aristocracy

people in the highest class of society who have a lot of power and wealth and usually high ranks and titles

贵族

贵族

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bourgeoisie

the society's middle class

资产阶级

资产阶级

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class-conscious

fully aware of the ranking system that distinguishes the general public

阶级意识强烈的

阶级意识强烈的

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hierarchical

relating to a system that is organized based on social ranking or levels of authority

层次的

层次的

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demographic

the statistical characteristics of a population, such as age, gender, and ethnicity

人口统计特征

人口统计特征

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ethnicity

the state of belonging to a certain ethnic group

民族性

民族性

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subsistence

a situation in which one has just enough money or food to survive

生存

生存

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overlord

someone who is in a position of power, especially in the past

领主

领主

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polity

a political organization of a group of people with a shared identity that is part of a larger political system itself

政治组织

政治组织

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to segregate

to employ a system that sorts out people in the society based on their race or religion

隔离

隔离

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caste

a system that divides the people of a society into different social classes based on their wealth, privilage, or profession

种姓

种姓

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supremacist

someone who believes that a particular group of people, especially one determined by sex, religion, or race, is better than other groups and should dominate them

至上主义者

至上主义者

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political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

政治庇护

政治庇护

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benefactor

a person who gives money or support to help others

恩人

恩人

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class struggle

the conflict of interests between different social classes in a society, as mentioned in Marxist ideology

阶级斗争

阶级斗争

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deportation

the act of forcing someone out of a country, usually because they do not have the legal right to stay there or because they have broken the law

驱逐

驱逐

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discrimination

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

歧视

歧视

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to displace

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

使流离失所

使流离失所

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elite

a small group of people in a society who enjoy a lot of advantages because of their economic, intellectual, etc. superiority

精英

精英

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homophobia

hatred, antipathy, or prejudice toward homosexuals

恐同症

恐同症

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to impoverish

to take away a person or a country's riches to the point of poverty

使贫困

使贫困

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indigent

extremely poor or in need

贫困的

贫困的

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intersectional

related to the social categories such as gender, race, sexuality, or age and the way they can extend over the experiences of an individual belonging to an oppressed population

交叉的

交叉的

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to marginalize

to treat a person, group, or concept as insignificant or of secondary or minor importance

边缘化

边缘化

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to naturalize

to admit a foreigner as an official citizen in a country

入籍

入籍

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parity

a state in which two or more things are equal

平价

平价

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penury

a state of being exceedingly poor and in need

贫困

贫困

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positive discrimination

the act of enhancing different opportunities for the people who have been treated as inferior due to belonging to a specific social category like race, sex, and etc. in a society

积极歧视

积极歧视

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quota system

a system that allows a limited number of immigrants to officially enter a country annually

配额系统

配额系统

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slumlord

an owner of a house of land in a location where people are exceedingly poor and have really bad living conditions, who demands rents more than one can afford

贫民窟地主

贫民窟地主

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social conscience

an awareness of other people's pain and problems who have a bad condition in the society and feeling a sense of duty to take care of them

社会良知

社会良知

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bigotry

the fact of having or expressing strong, irrational views and disliking other people with different views or a different way of life

偏见

偏见

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unrest

a political situation in which there is anger among the people and protests are likely

骚乱

骚乱

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