GRE必备词汇 - 咖啡社会

在这里,你将学习一些关于社会的英语单词,如“阶层”、“种族”、“种姓”等,这些是GRE考试所需要的。

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GRE必备词汇
stratum [名词]
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阶层

Ex: She belonged to a stratum with a high level of education .

她属于一个教育水平很高的阶层

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文化适应

Ex: Acculturation often occurs in multicultural urban environments , where diverse communities interact and influence each other .

文化适应常发生在多元文化的城市环境中,不同的社区相互交流和影响。

apartheid [名词]
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种族隔离

Ex: She studied the impact of apartheid on the nation 's economy .

她研究了种族隔离对国家经济的影响。

aristocracy [名词]
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贵族

Ex: Throughout history , the aristocracy has held significant political power .

纵观历史,贵族一直掌握着重要的政治权力。

bourgeoisie [名词]
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资产阶级

Ex: Marx 's critique of capitalism focused on the bourgeoisie and their relationship with the proletariat .

马克思对资本主义的批判集中在资产阶级及其与无产阶级的关系上。

class-conscious [形容词]
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阶级意识强的

Ex: Living in a class-conscious society , he felt pressure to conform to social norms .

生活在一个阶级意识强烈的社会中,他感到有压力要遵守社会规范。

hierarchical [形容词]
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等级制度的

Ex: In a hierarchical society , social status often determines one 's access to resources and opportunities .

在一个等级社会中,社会地位往往决定了一个人获得资源和机会的途径。

demographic [名词]
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人口统计的

Ex: Researchers are studying the spending habits of this particular demographic .

研究人员正在研究这一特定人口统计的消费习惯。

ethnicity [名词]
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种族

Ex: She takes pride in her ethnicity and loves sharing her cultural traditions .

她为自己的种族感到自豪,并且喜欢分享她的文化传统。

subsistence [名词]
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生存

Ex: Many people in the rural area rely on fishing for their subsistence .

农村地区的许多人依靠捕鱼为

overlord [名词]
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最高统治者

Ex: The king was seen as the overlord of the entire kingdom .

国王被视为整个王国的霸主

polity [名词]
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the specific form or system of government of a society or institution

Ex: The nation 's polity shifted from monarchy to republic .
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隔离

Ex: The organization 's membership criteria segregate individuals based on their religious beliefs .

该组织的会员标准根据个人的宗教信仰隔离他们。

caste [名词]
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种姓

Ex: Caste discrimination remains a significant issue in many parts of the world , leading to social inequalities and injustices .

种姓歧视仍然是世界许多地区的一个重大问题,导致社会不平等和不公正。

supremacist [名词]
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至上主义者

Ex: The supremacist 's beliefs were deeply rooted in racial intolerance .

至上主义者的信仰深深植根于种族不容忍。

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政治庇护

Ex: His application for political asylum was approved after a thorough review .

他的政治庇护申请在经过彻底审查后获得批准。

benefactor [名词]
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恩人

Ex: She was grateful for the benefactor who funded her scholarship .

她感谢资助她奖学金的恩人

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阶级斗争

Ex: Marxist theory focuses on the dynamics of class struggle and its impact on social change .

马克思主义理论侧重于阶级斗争的动态及其对社会变革的影响。

deportation [名词]
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the expulsion of a non-citizen or foreigner from a country, often for being undesirable or violating laws

Ex: Her deportation followed repeated violations of visa regulations .
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歧视

Ex: Discrimination based on race , gender , or religion is illegal in many countries .

基于种族、性别或宗教的歧视在许多国家是非法的。

to displace [动词]
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使流离失所

Ex: Natural disasters such as hurricanes and floods have the power to displace entire communities .

飓风和洪水等自然灾害有能力迫使整个社区迁移。

elite [名词]
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精英

Ex: The country ’s political elite met to discuss new policies .

该国的政治精英们开会讨论新政策。

homophobia [名词]
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恐同症

Ex: She spoke out against the homophobia she experienced at work .

她公开反对她在工作中经历的恐同症

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使贫困

Ex: Poor policies can impoverish a country by draining its resources .

糟糕的政策会耗尽资源,从而使一个国家贫困化

indigent [形容词]
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贫困的

Ex:

贫困的家庭住在当地慈善机构提供的庇护所里。

intersectional [形容词]
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交叉性的

Ex: The policy aimed to consider intersectional factors in its approach to social justice .

该政策旨在其社会正义方法中考虑交叉因素。

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边缘化

Ex: People of color are often marginalized in mainstream media , leading to underrepresentation and stereotypes .

有色人种在主流媒体中经常被边缘化,导致代表性不足和刻板印象。

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to grant citizenship to a foreigner

Ex: The government decided to naturalize several refugees who had lived in the country for over five years .
parity [名词]
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平等

Ex: The financial agreement seeks to establish parity between the two partner organizations .

财务协议旨在建立两个合作伙伴组织之间的平等

penury [名词]
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贫困

Ex: The novel portrays the harsh reality of life in penury .

小说描绘了生活在赤贫中的严酷现实。

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积极歧视

Ex: She supported positive discrimination as a way to correct systemic biases .

她支持积极歧视作为纠正系统性偏见的一种方式。

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配额制度

Ex: The new quota system limited the annual number of visas issued .

新的配额制度限制了每年签发的签证数量。

slumlord [名词]
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贫民窟房东

Ex: Despite numerous complaints from residents , the slumlord refused to make necessary repairs to the rundown apartment building .

尽管居民投诉无数,贫民窟房东仍拒绝为破旧的公寓楼进行必要的维修。

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社会良知

Ex: He felt a deep social conscience , driving him to advocate for workers ' rights .

他感到一种深刻的社会良知,驱使他为工人的权利辩护。

bigotry [名词]
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偏执

Ex: She spoke out against the bigotry that was affecting the workplace environment .

她公开反对影响工作环境的偏执

unrest [名词]
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动荡

Ex: Economic hardships led to increasing unrest among the population .

经济困难导致了民众中不断增加的动荡