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Daftar Kata Level C2 - Law

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari semua kata penting untuk berbicara tentang Hukum, yang dikumpulkan khusus untuk pelajar tingkat C2.

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CEFR C2 Vocabulary

[Kata benda]

(law) a person or party involved in a legal case

penggugat, pihak dalam perkara

penggugat, pihak dalam perkara

Ex: The small business owner found himself as a litigant in a contract dispute with a former partner over the terms of their dissolved agreement .Pemilik usaha kecil menemukan dirinya sebagai **pihak yang berperkara** dalam sengketa kontrak dengan mantan mitra mengenai syarat-syarat perjanjian mereka yang dibubarkan.

Tutup

punitive damages

[Kata benda]

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

ganti rugi punitif, kerugian yang bersifat menghukum

ganti rugi punitif, kerugian yang bersifat menghukum

Ex: The class-action lawsuit sought punitive damages against the pharmaceutical company for unethical marketing practices .Gugatan class-action menuntut **ganti rugi punitif** terhadap perusahaan farmasi karena praktik pemasaran yang tidak etis.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

kematian tanpa wasiat, intestasi

kematian tanpa wasiat, intestasi

Ex: The family faced complications in settling the deceased 's affairs due to the absence of a will and the application of intestacy laws .Keluarga menghadapi komplikasi dalam menyelesaikan urusan almarhum karena tidak adanya wasiat dan penerapan hukum **intestacy**.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

pagar, pembatas

pagar, pembatas

Ex: The defendant remained behind the bar until called to the stand .Terdakwa tetap berada di belakang **pagar** sampai dipanggil ke stand.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

pengacara litigasi, ahli hukum yang berspesialisasi dalam litigasi

pengacara litigasi, ahli hukum yang berspesialisasi dalam litigasi

Ex: In the courtroom , the litigator presented persuasive arguments and effectively cross-examined witnesses to support their client 's case .Di ruang sidang, **pengacara** menyajikan argumen yang meyakinkan dan secara efektif memeriksa saksi untuk mendukung kasus klien mereka.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

penyebab yang mungkin, kecurigaan yang masuk akal

penyebab yang mungkin, kecurigaan yang masuk akal

Ex: The court determined that the anonymous tip provided sufficient probable cause for a search warrant .Pengadilan menetapkan bahwa tip anonim memberikan **alasan yang mungkin** cukup untuk surat perintah penggeledahan.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

Ex: As a barrister, he is known for his sharp legal mind and eloquent courtroom presentations .

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

perintah pengadilan, injunksi

perintah pengadilan, injunksi

Ex: The singer was granted an injunction against the paparazzi to protect her privacy .Penyanyi itu diberikan **injunction** terhadap paparazzi untuk melindungi privasinya.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

pernyataan di bawah sumpah, afidavit

pernyataan di bawah sumpah, afidavit

Ex: Falsifying information in an affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .Memalsukan informasi dalam **affidavit** dapat mengakibatkan konsekuensi hukum yang serius, termasuk tuduhan sumpah palsu.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

kesaksian, kesaksian yang direkam

kesaksian, kesaksian yang direkam

Ex: The witness 's deposition was admitted as evidence during the trial , influencing the judge and jury .**Keterangan** saksi diterima sebagai bukti selama persidangan, mempengaruhi hakim dan juri.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

notaris, pejabat umum

notaris, pejabat umum

Ex: The notary confirmed the identity of the signatories and witnessed the signing of the will in accordance with state law .**Notaris** mengkonfirmasi identitas para penandatangan dan menyaksikan penandatanganan wasiat sesuai dengan hukum negara.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

penundaan, penangguhan sementara

penundaan, penangguhan sementara

Ex: The attorney requested an adjournment to better prepare for the cross-examination of the witness .Pengacara meminta **penundaan** untuk mempersiapkan diri lebih baik untuk pemeriksaan silang saksi.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

pembebasan, pengabsahan

pembebasan, pengabsahan

Ex: Following the acquittal, the defendant was released from custody and allowed to resume their normal life .Setelah **pembebasan**, terdakwa dibebaskan dari tahanan dan diizinkan untuk melanjutkan kehidupan normalnya.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

pelanggaran, kejahatan

pelanggaran, kejahatan

Ex: The company has a zero-tolerance policy for infractions of its code of conduct , enforcing strict penalties for violations .Perusahaan memiliki kebijakan toleransi nol terhadap **pelanggaran** kode etiknya, memberlakukan sanksi yang ketat untuk pelanggaran.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a formal accusation of a crime

tuduhan, surat dakwaan

tuduhan, surat dakwaan

Ex: Upon receiving the indictment, the defendant was arrested and taken into custody by law enforcement officers .Setelah menerima **surat dakwaan**, terdakwa ditangkap dan dibawa ke tahanan oleh petugas penegak hukum.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

pembebasan bersyarat

pembebasan bersyarat

Ex: Parole offers offenders the opportunity for rehabilitation and reintegration into society under supervision, with the goal of reducing recidivism.**Pembebasan bersyarat** menawarkan pelanggar kesempatan untuk rehabilitasi dan reintegrasi ke dalam masyarakat di bawah pengawasan, dengan tujuan mengurangi pengulangan kejahatan.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

somasi, panggilan pengadilan

somasi, panggilan pengadilan

Ex: The court clerk prepared subpoenas for the employees who could provide essential information in the investigation .Panitera pengadilan menyiapkan **somasi** untuk para karyawan yang dapat memberikan informasi penting dalam penyelidikan.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

pengiriman, pemindahan

pengiriman, pemindahan

Ex: The lawyer argued that a remit was crucial for a fair trial , as the current court lacked the appropriate jurisdiction .Pengacara berpendapat bahwa **pengiriman** sangat penting untuk persidangan yang adil, karena pengadilan saat ini tidak memiliki yurisdiksi yang tepat.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

a civil wrong causing harm, not a crime

kesalahan perdata, tindakan melawan hukum perdata

kesalahan perdata, tindakan melawan hukum perdata

Ex: The manufacturer was held liable for the tort of strict product liability after a defective product caused injuries .Produsen dianggap bertanggung jawab atas **tort** tanggung jawab produk ketat setelah produk cacat menyebabkan cedera.

Tutup

[Kata benda]

an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority

peraturan, ordinansi

peraturan, ordinansi

Ex: Violating an ordinance can result in fines or other penalties imposed by the local government .Melanggar **peraturan** dapat mengakibatkan denda atau hukuman lain yang dikenakan oleh pemerintah setempat.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

mengekstradisi, menyerahkan

mengekstradisi, menyerahkan

Ex: The judge ruled that they could not extradite the accused without proper evidence .Hakim memutuskan bahwa mereka tidak bisa **mengekstradisi** tersangka tanpa bukti yang tepat.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

memutuskan, mengadili

memutuskan, mengadili

Ex: Last month , the mediator was persistently adjudicating conflicts between the parties .Bulan lalu, mediator dengan gigih **memutuskan** konflik antara para pihak.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings

melampirkan, menyertakan

melampirkan, menyertakan

Ex: Please remember to annex the receipts to your expense report for reimbursement .Harap ingat untuk **melampirkan** tanda terima ke laporan pengeluaran Anda untuk penggantian.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

membebaskan, mengecualikan

membebaskan, mengecualikan

Ex: The government may exempt certain charitable organizations from paying income taxes .Pemerintah dapat **membebaskan** organisasi amal tertentu dari membayar pajak penghasilan.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

mengembalikan, mengirim kembali

mengembalikan, mengirim kembali

Ex: The judge 's decision to remand the juvenile offender to a rehabilitation facility was aimed at providing appropriate intervention and support .Keputusan hakim untuk **mengembalikan** pelanggar remaja ke fasilitas rehabilitasi bertujuan untuk memberikan intervensi dan dukungan yang tepat.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to violate someone's rights or property

melanggar, mengganggu

melanggar, mengganggu

Ex: The court found the defendant guilty of infringing the patent rights of a competing company .Pengadilan menemukan terdakwa bersalah **melanggar** hak paten perusahaan pesaing.

Tutup

witness tampering

[Kata benda]

the act of unlawfully influencing or intimidating a witness in a legal case

pemalsuan kesaksian, pengaruh terhadap saksi

pemalsuan kesaksian, pengaruh terhadap saksi

Ex: The investigation revealed multiple instances of witness tampering, leading to additional charges against the accused .Penyelidikan mengungkapkan beberapa kasus **pemalsuan saksi**, yang mengakibatkan tuduhan tambahan terhadap terdakwa.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to lie in a court of law after officially swearing to tell the truth

bersumpah palsu, berbohong di bawah sumpah

bersumpah palsu, berbohong di bawah sumpah

Ex: The judge warned the jury about the consequences of asking witnesses to perjure during the trial .Hakim memperingatkan juri tentang konsekuensi meminta saksi untuk **bersumpah palsu** selama persidangan.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to invalidate a legal agreement

membatalkan, menyatakan tidak sah

membatalkan, menyatakan tidak sah

Ex: The parties sought to annul the contract after discovering that it had been signed under duress .Para pihak berusaha untuk **membatalkan** kontrak setelah mengetahui bahwa itu ditandatangani di bawah paksaan.

Tutup

[kata kerja]

to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms

menandatangani bersama, ikut menandatangani

menandatangani bersama, ikut menandatangani

Ex: To help his friend secure the car loan, he agreed to co-sign the financing agreement, making him equally liable for the payments.Untuk membantu temannya mengamankan pinjaman mobil, dia setuju untuk **menandatangani bersama** perjanjian pembiayaan, membuatnya sama-sama bertanggung jawab atas pembayaran.

Tutup

Daftar Kata Level C2

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