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an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing
懲罰的損害賠償
the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will
法的に有効な遺言書を持っていない
the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge
法廷の一部を囲む手すり
a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law
司法弁護士
a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain
代言
a legal order issued by a court, typically requiring a party to cease or refrain from a specific action or to perform a particular act
差し止め命令（司法）
a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings
寄託
an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable
公証人
the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting
延期（法的手続き）
an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with
免罪
(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct
仮出獄
a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding
召喚
the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons
訴訟をある裁判所から別の裁判所に送ること
an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority
命令
to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters
引き渡す
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute
問題を裁く
to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review
訴訟を裁判所に差し戻す
