an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing
懲罰的損害賠償
the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will
遺言の不在
the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge
バリア
a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law
訴訟弁護士
a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain
弁護士
a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action
差し止め命令
a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court
宣誓供述書
a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings
陳述
an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable
公証人
an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with
無罪判決
(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct
仮出所
a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding
召喚状
the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons
移送
an official rule or order that is imposed by the law or someone with authority
条例
to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters
引き渡す
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute
裁定する
to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review
差し戻す
to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms
共同署名する