C2 Level Wordlist - Law

Here you will learn all the essential words for talking about Law, collected specifically for level C2 learners.

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C2 Level Wordlist
litigant [noun]

(law) a person or party involved in a legal case

Ex:

an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing

Ex: The environmental lawsuit resulted in punitive damages against the company for knowingly polluting the water supply .

the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will

Ex: Without a will , the laws of intestacy dictate how the estate will be divided among the surviving family members .
bar [noun]

the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge

Ex: The attorney approached the bar to present evidence during the trial .

a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law

Ex: Becoming a litigator requires not only legal expertise but also strong advocacy and negotiation skills .

the reasonable suspicion that a crime has occurred or will occur

Ex: The arresting officer had probable cause to detain the suspect after witnessing a crime in progress .

a legal professional qualified and licensed to advocate on behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts

Ex: After completing law school and passing the bar exam , she began her career as a barrister , specializing in criminal law .

a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action

Ex: The court issued an injunction preventing the company from using the disputed trademark .

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

Ex: Before submitting the document to the court , the attorney carefully reviewed the affidavit to ensure its accuracy and completeness .

a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings

Ex: The expert witness provided a detailed deposition outlining their professional opinion on the matter .
notary [noun]

an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable

Ex: Notaries play a crucial role in verifying the authenticity of signatures and ensuring the legality of documents .

the temporary suspension or postponement of a legal proceeding or meeting

Ex: The court granted an adjournment to accommodate the scheduling conflicts of key witnesses .

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

Ex: The defense attorney argued persuasively , leading to the acquittal of their client despite the prosecution 's case .

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

Ex: Students caught cheating on exams face consequences ranging from a warning to expulsion , depending on the severity of the infraction .

a formal accusation of a crime

Ex: The grand jury handed down an indictment , charging the suspect with multiple counts of fraud .
parole [noun]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

Ex: While on parole , individuals must comply with strict rules and regulations , including regular check-ins with a parole officer .
subpoena [noun]

a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding

Ex: The prosecutor used a subpoena to secure the attendance of the expert witness in the upcoming trial .
remit [noun]

the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons

Ex: The legal team successfully argued for the remit of the harsh sentence , citing mitigating circumstances that warranted a more lenient punishment .
tort [noun]

a civil wrong causing harm, not a crime

Ex: The business owner faced a lawsuit for the tort of false imprisonment after wrongfully detaining a customer .

an authoritative or established rule, often issued by a governing body

Ex: Local ordinances vary from one municipality to another .

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

Ex: The suspect evaded arrest for years but was finally extradited to the country where the crime occurred .

to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute

Ex: The court will adjudicate the divorce proceedings and decide on matters of custody and assets .
to annex [verb]

to attach a document to another, especially in formal or legal writings

Ex: In the contract , they decided to annex the updated terms and conditions .

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

Ex: The law provides provisions to exempt certain religious practices from certain regulations .

to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review

Ex: The Supreme Court remanded the case to the lower court , citing errors in the original trial proceedings .

to violate someone's rights or property

Ex: Posting copyrighted material online without permission can infringe intellectual property rights .

the act of unlawfully influencing or intimidating a witness in a legal case

Ex: The prosecutor warned the defense team that any actions perceived as witness tampering would result in severe legal consequences .

to lie in a court of law after officially swearing to tell the truth

Ex: The witness hesitated to perjure herself , knowing the serious consequences of lying under oath .
to annul [verb]

to invalidate a legal agreement

Ex: The company sought to annul the agreement , arguing that the terms were misrepresented during the negotiation process .

to sign a document in addition to another person's signature to guarantee a loan or financial obligation

Ex: