an extra financial compensation awarded in a lawsuit to punish the defendant for bad behavior and deter future wrongdoing
惩罚性赔偿
the condition of dying without a valid will, leaving the distribution of one's estate to be determined by the laws of intestate succession rather than specific instructions in a will
无遗嘱状态
the physical railing or barrier in a courtroom that separates participants from the judge
隔栏
a lawyer who specializes in bringing a lawsuit against people or organizations in a court of law
诉讼律师
a legal professional who is qualified and licensed to advocate on the behalf of clients in both lower and higher courts, primarily in Britain
律师
a legal order from a court that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action
禁令
a recorded testimony given outside of court by a witness or party involved in a legal case, used as evidence in future proceedings
证言
an official authorized to conduct particular legal formalities, especially to make documents legally acceptable
公证人
an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with
无罪释放
(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct
假释
a legal document issued by a court or administrative agency, compelling an individual to appear as a witness, produce certain documents, or provide testimony in a legal proceeding
传票
the process of sending a legal case from one court to another for review or resolution, often due to jurisdictional or procedural reasons
移交
to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters
引渡
to make a formal decision or judgment about who is right in an argument or dispute
裁决
to send a case back to a court of lower authority for additional reconsideration or review
发回
to sign a document or agreement jointly with another person, taking equal responsibility for fulfilling its terms
共同签署