Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL - Hukum dan Ketertiban

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang hukum dan ketertiban, seperti "keadilan", "rancangan undang-undang", "klausa", dll., yang diperlukan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Kosakata Penting untuk TOEFL
justice [Kata benda]
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keadilan

Ex: The victim 's family sought justice through the court system for the crimes committed against their loved one .

Keluarga korban mencari keadilan melalui sistem pengadilan untuk kejahatan yang dilakukan terhadap orang yang mereka cintai.

constitution [Kata benda]
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konstitusi

Ex: The constitution of this country guarantees freedom of speech and the separation of powers among its branches of government .

Konstitusi negara ini menjamin kebebasan berbicara dan pemisahan kekuasaan di antara cabang-cabang pemerintahannya.

bill [Kata benda]
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rancangan undang-undang

Ex: The bill was delayed in the legislative process due to disagreements among committee members .
clause [Kata benda]
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klausa

Ex: The rental agreement includes a clause specifying the responsibilities of both the landlord and the tenant .
statute [Kata benda]
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undang-undang

Ex: The new statute requires all drivers to use hands-free devices while driving .

Peraturan baru mengharuskan semua pengemudi menggunakan perangkat hands-free saat mengemudi.

act [Kata benda]
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undang-undang

Ex: The new education act aims to improve the quality of schools nationwide .

Undang-undang pendidikan baru bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas sekolah di seluruh negeri.

legislative [Adjektiva]
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legislatif

Ex: The legislative branch of government is responsible for proposing, debating, and passing laws.

Cabang legislatif pemerintah bertanggung jawab untuk mengusulkan, mendebatkan, dan mengesahkan undang-undang.

legislation [Kata benda]
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perundang-undangan

Ex: The new environmental legislation limits carbon emissions from factories .

Perundang-undangan lingkungan baru membatasi emisi karbon dari pabrik.

attorney [Kata benda]
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pengacara

Ex: The attorney presented a strong case in court on behalf of his client .

Pengacara mengajukan kasus yang kuat di pengadilan atas nama kliennya.

to pass [kata kerja]
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mengesahkan

Ex: In 1996 , Congress unanimously passed the Food Quality Protection Act .

Pada tahun 1996, Kongres secara bulat mengesahkan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Kualitas Pangan.

declaration [Kata benda]
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deklarasi

Ex: The parties signed a declaration of intent to formalize their agreement .

Para pihak menandatangani deklarasi niat untuk memformalkan perjanjian mereka.

hearing [Kata benda]
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sidang

Ex: The judge scheduled a hearing to review the evidence presented by both parties .

Hakim menjadwalkan sidang untuk meninjau bukti yang diajukan oleh kedua belah pihak.

judicial [Adjektiva]
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yudisial

Ex: The judicial branch of government oversees the interpretation and application of laws through courts and judges.

Cabang yudikatif pemerintah mengawasi interpretasi dan penerapan hukum melalui pengadilan dan hakim.

legitimate [Adjektiva]
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sah

Ex: The company 's operations were deemed legitimate after passing all regulatory inspections .

Operasi perusahaan dianggap sah setelah melewati semua inspeksi regulasi.

plea [Kata benda]
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pernyataan

Ex: The defendant entered a plea of not guilty to the charges .

Terdakwa mengajukan pernyataan tidak bersalah atas tuduhan.

to prosecute [kata kerja]
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menuntut

Ex: The lawyer was hired to prosecute the case on behalf of the victim ’s family .

Pengacara itu dipekerjakan untuk menuntut kasus tersebut atas nama keluarga korban.

authority [Kata benda]
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a person or group that exercises administrative or controlling power over others

Ex: Local authorities regulate public services.
ruling [Kata benda]
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keputusan

Ex: The Supreme Court 's ruling on the case set a precedent for future privacy rights .

Putusan Mahkamah Agung dalam kasus ini menetapkan preseden untuk hak privasi di masa depan.

to sentence [kata kerja]
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menjatuhkan hukuman

Ex: The judge will sentence the convicted criminal to five years in prison .

Hakim akan menjatuhkan hukuman kepada terpidana lima tahun penjara.

to testify [kata kerja]
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bersaksi

Ex: Witnesses are called to testify about what they saw during the accident .

Saksi dipanggil untuk bersaksi tentang apa yang mereka lihat selama kecelakaan.

testimony [Kata benda]
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kesaksian

Ex: The witness provided compelling testimony that corroborated the victim 's account .

Saksi memberikan kesaksian yang meyakinkan yang menguatkan keterangan korban.

witness [Kata benda]
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a person who testifies under oath in a court of law

Ex: The witness testified in court about what they saw .
evidence [Kata benda]
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bukti

Ex: The prosecution presented compelling evidence , including DNA analysis and eyewitness testimony , to support their case .
trial [Kata benda]
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pengadilan

Ex: The trial lasted for several weeks as witnesses testified and evidence was presented .

Persidangan berlangsung selama beberapa minggu saat para saksi memberikan kesaksian dan bukti diajukan.

verdict [Kata benda]
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putusan

Ex: The jury reached an unanimous verdict of guilty after deliberating for several hours .

Juri mencapai keputusan bulat bersalah setelah berunding selama beberapa jam.

bail [Kata benda]
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jaminan

Ex: The judge set bail at $ 10,000 for the defendant 's release from jail before the trial .
to appeal [kata kerja]
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mengajukan banding

Ex: The defense attorney filed a motion to appeal the sentencing imposed by the trial court .
defendant [Kata benda]
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terdakwa

Ex: The defendant pleaded not guilty to the charges of theft and fraud .

Terdakwa mengaku tidak bersalah atas tuduhan pencurian dan penipuan.

draft [Kata benda]
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draf

Ex: She emailed the first draft of her essay .

Dia mengirim draf pertama esainya melalui email.

to charge [kata kerja]
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menuduh

Ex: The prosecutor decided to charge the suspect with theft based on the evidence .

Jaksa memutuskan untuk menuduh tersangka pencurian berdasarkan bukti.

action [Kata benda]
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tindakan

Ex: The action was filed to resolve the dispute between the two parties .
lawsuit [Kata benda]
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gugatan

Ex: She filed a lawsuit against the company for wrongful termination .

Dia mengajukan gugatan terhadap perusahaan karena pemutusan hubungan kerja yang tidak adil.

to sue [kata kerja]
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menuntut

Ex: The dissatisfied customer decided to sue the company for breach of contract .

Pelanggan yang tidak puas memutuskan untuk menuntut perusahaan karena pelanggaran kontrak.

proceedings [Kata benda]
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prosedur

Ex: The lawyer reviewed the court proceedings carefully before the trial .

Pengacara meninjau prosedur pengadilan dengan hati-hati sebelum persidangan.

sheriff [Kata benda]
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sheriff

Ex: The sheriff 's deputies patrolled the rural county to ensure community safety .

Wakil-wakil sheriff berpatroli di kabupaten pedesaan untuk memastikan keamanan masyarakat.

inspector [Kata benda]
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inspektur

Ex: The inspector led the investigation into the robbery .