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TOEFLの必須語彙 - 法と秩序

TOEFL試験に必要な「justice」「bill」「clause」など、法と秩序に関する英単語を学びます。

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
justice

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

正義

正義

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[名詞]
constitution

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

憲法

憲法

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[名詞]
bill

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

法案

法案

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[名詞]
clause

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

条項

条項

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[名詞]
statute

an officially written and established law

法令

法令

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[名詞]
act

a law that is passed by a parliament or congress

法

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[名詞]
legislative

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

立法の

立法の

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[形容詞]
legislation

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

立法

立法

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[名詞]
attorney

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

弁護士

弁護士

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[名詞]
to pass

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

可決する

可決する

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[動詞]
declaration

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

宣言

宣言

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[名詞]
hearing

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

公聴会

公聴会

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[名詞]
judicial

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

司法の

司法の

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[形容詞]
legitimate

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

正当な

正当な

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[形容詞]
plea

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

弁明

弁明

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[名詞]
to prosecute

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

起訴する

起訴する

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[動詞]
representation

the state of being represented or the act of representing

表現

表現

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[名詞]
authority

(usually plural) people with decision-making power over a specific area in a country

権威者

権威者

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[名詞]
ruling

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

判決

判決

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[名詞]
to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判決する

判決する

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[動詞]
to testify

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

証言する

証言する

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[動詞]
testimony

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

証言

証言

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[名詞]
witness

(law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law

証人

証人

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[名詞]
evidence

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

証拠

証拠

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[名詞]
trial

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

裁判

裁判

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[名詞]
verdict

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

評決

評決

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[名詞]
bail

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

保釈金

保釈金

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[名詞]
to appeal

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

控訴する

控訴する

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[動詞]
defendant

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

被告

被告

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[名詞]
draft

an unfinished version of something written that might be subject to change before it is finished

ドラフト

ドラフト

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[名詞]
to charge

to officially accuse someone of an offense

告訴する

告訴する

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[動詞]
action

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

法的手続き

法的手続き

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[名詞]
lawsuit

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

訴訟

訴訟

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[名詞]
to sue

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

訴える

訴える

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[動詞]
proceedings

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

手続き

手続き

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[名詞]
sheriff

an elected officer of law in a county

シェリフ

シェリフ

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[名詞]
inspector

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

インスペクター

インスペクター

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[名詞]
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