托福必备词汇 - 法律与秩序

在这里,你将学习一些关于法律和秩序的英语单词,如“正义”、“法案”、“条款”等,这些是托福考试所需要的。

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托福必备词汇
justice [名词]
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正义

Ex: The victim 's family sought justice through the court system for the crimes committed against their loved one .

受害者的家人通过法院系统为他们所爱的人所犯下的罪行寻求正义

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宪法

Ex: The constitution of the United States guarantees certain fundamental rights to its citizens , such as freedom of speech and the right to bear arms .

美国宪法保障其公民某些基本权利,例如言论自由和携带武器的权利。

bill [名词]
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法案

Ex: After several debates , the bill was passed and became law .

经过几轮辩论,法案获得通过并成为法律。

clause [名词]
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条款

Ex: The contract contains a confidentiality clause that prohibits the disclosure of sensitive information to third parties .

合同包含一项保密条款,禁止向第三方披露敏感信息。

statute [名词]
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法令

Ex: She studied the statute carefully to understand her legal obligations .

她仔细研究了法规以了解她的法律义务。

act [名词]
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法律

Ex: The parliament passed the health care act to provide better medical services to citizens .

议会通过了医疗保健法案,以向公民提供更好的医疗服务。

legislative [形容词]
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立法的

Ex:

立法机构,如议会或国会,由选举产生的代表组成,他们起草并对立法进行投票。

legislation [名词]
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立法

Ex: Parliament passed legislation to improve access to mental health services .

议会通过了立法以改善心理健康服务的可及性。

attorney [名词]
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律师

Ex: She consulted an attorney to help with her legal issues regarding the contract .

她咨询了一位律师以帮助解决与合同有关的法律问题。

to pass [动词]
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通过

Ex:

该动议以16票对11票通过

declaration [名词]
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声明

Ex: He submitted a sworn declaration to the court outlining his version of events .

他向法院提交了一份宣誓声明,概述了他对事件的描述。

hearing [名词]
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听证会

Ex: The witness testified during the preliminary hearing to provide crucial information about the case .

证人在预审听证会上作证,以提供有关案件的关键信息。

judicial [形容词]
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司法的

Ex:

司法审查是法院审查法律和政府行为合宪性的过程。

legitimate [形容词]
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合法的

Ex: His credentials were legitimate and met the requirements for the job .

他的凭证合法的,并且符合工作的要求。

plea [名词]
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陈述

Ex: The prosecutor offered a plea deal to resolve the case without going to trial .

检察官提出了一项认罪协议,以在不进行审判的情况下解决此案。

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起诉

Ex: She was asked to prosecute the case , bringing the defendant to trial for fraud .

她被要求起诉此案,以欺诈罪将被告送上法庭。

authority [名词]
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a person or group that exercises administrative or controlling power over others

Ex:
ruling [名词]
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裁决

Ex: The judge 's ruling favored the plaintiff , awarding them damages for the accident .

法官的裁决有利于原告,判给他们事故赔偿。

to sentence [动词]
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判处

Ex: The court will sentence the individual convicted of fraud next week .

法庭将于下周对犯有欺诈罪的个人判处刑罚

to testify [动词]
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作证

Ex: The victim will testify against the accused in the upcoming trial .

受害者将在即将到来的审判中作证指控被告。

testimony [名词]
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证词

Ex: The jury carefully considered the eyewitness testimony during deliberations .

陪审团在审议期间仔细考虑了目击者的证词

witness [名词]
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a person who testifies under oath in a court of law

Ex: She was called as a witness in the criminal trial .
evidence [名词]
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证据

Ex: Scientific studies have provided strong evidence linking regular exercise to improved cardiovascular health .
trial [名词]
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审判

Ex: She was nervous about her upcoming trial and hoped the jury would believe her innocence .

她对即将到来的审判感到紧张,并希望陪审团相信她的清白。

verdict [名词]
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裁决

Ex: The judge read the verdict aloud in the packed courtroom .

法官在挤满人的法庭上大声宣读判决

bail [名词]
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保释金

Ex: The judge set bail at $ 10,000 for the defendant 's release from jail before the trial .

法官设定了10,000美元的保释金以便被告在审判前从监狱释放。

to appeal [动词]
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上诉

Ex: The prosecution appealed the judge 's decision to suppress key evidence in the case .

检方对法官决定压制案件中的关键证据提出上诉

defendant [名词]
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被告

Ex: The courtroom was packed with spectators eager to hear the defendant 's testimony .

法庭里挤满了急于听取被告证词的观众。

draft [名词]
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草稿

Ex: The editor reviewed the book 's rough draft .

编辑审阅了这本书的草稿

to charge [动词]
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指控

Ex: Law enforcement officers may charge individuals with trespassing if they enter restricted areas .

执法人员可能会指控进入限制区域的个人非法侵入。

action [名词]
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诉讼

Ex:

该公司因违反合同而面临法律诉讼

lawsuit [名词]
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诉讼

Ex: The lawsuit alleged breach of contract and sought damages for financial losses .

诉讼指控违约并要求赔偿经济损失。

to sue [动词]
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起诉

Ex: In a personal injury case , the victim may choose to sue the responsible party for compensation .

在人身伤害案件中,受害者可以选择起诉责任方以获得赔偿。

proceedings [名词]
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诉讼程序

Ex: She attended the proceedings to testify as a witness in the case .

她出席了诉讼程序,作为案件的证人作证。

sheriff [名词]
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警长

Ex: The sheriff 's deputies patrolled the rural county to ensure community safety .

警长的副手们在农村县巡逻以确保社区安全。