托福必备词汇 - 法律和秩序

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

正义

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

宪法

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

法律法案

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

法律条款

an officially written and established law

法令

a law that is passed by a parliament or congress

法案

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

立法

a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament

立法

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

律师

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

通过

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

法律声明

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

法院审理

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

司法

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

合法的

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

法律抗辩

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

采取法律行动

the state of being represented or the act of representing

表示

(usually plural) people with decision-making power over a specific area in a country

权威

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

正式决定

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

（在法庭上）作证

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

法律证词

(law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law

见证

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

证据

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

审讯

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

最终判决

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

保释

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

要求上诉

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

被告

an unfinished version of something written that might be subject to change before it is finished

草案

to officially accuse someone of an offense

指控有罪

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

提起诉讼

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

诉讼

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

起诉某人

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

诉讼程序

an elected officer of law in a county

郡治安官

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

检查员