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واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - قانون و نظم

در اینجا با چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد قانون و نظم آشنا می شوید مانند «عدالت»، «بیل»، «بند» و غیره که برای آزمون تافل مورد نیاز است.

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مرور

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
justice
[اسم]

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

عدالت

عدالت

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constitution
[اسم]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

قانون اساسی

قانون اساسی

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bill
[اسم]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

لایحه

لایحه

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clause
[اسم]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

بند قانون

بند قانون

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statute
[اسم]

an officially written and established law

قانون

قانون

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act
[اسم]

a law that is passed by a parliament or congress

لایحه

لایحه

Ex: The civil act was a significant milestone in the fight for equality and justice .
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legislative
[صفت]

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

قانونی, وابسته به قانون‌گذاری

قانونی, وابسته به قانون‌گذاری

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attorney
[اسم]

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

وکیل

وکیل

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to pass
[فعل]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

تصویب کردن

تصویب کردن

Ex: The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .
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declaration
[اسم]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

اظهارنامه

اظهارنامه

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hearing
[اسم]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

دادرسی, محاکمه

دادرسی, محاکمه

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judicial
[صفت]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

قضائی

قضائی

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legitimate
[صفت]

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

مشروع, قانونی، حلال

مشروع, قانونی، حلال

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plea
[اسم]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

دادخواست

دادخواست

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to prosecute
[فعل]

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

اقامه دعوی کردن

اقامه دعوی کردن

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ruling
[اسم]

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

حکم, رأی

حکم, رأی

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to sentence
[فعل]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

محکوم کردن

محکوم کردن

Ex: After the trial , the judge sentenced the convicted murderer .
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to testify
[فعل]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

شهادت دادن (در دادگاه)

شهادت دادن (در دادگاه)

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing testify truthfully for a fair trial .
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testimony
[اسم]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

شهادت (قانون)

شهادت (قانون)

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evidence
[اسم]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

مدرک, شاهد

مدرک, شاهد

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trial
[اسم]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

محاکمه

محاکمه

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verdict
[اسم]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

حکم, قضاوت

حکم, قضاوت

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bail
[اسم]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

وثیقه

وثیقه

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to appeal
[فعل]

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

فرجام خواستن

فرجام خواستن

Ex: The defendant decided appeal the verdict of the lower court in hopes of receiving a more favorable outcome .
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defendant
[اسم]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

مدعی‌علیه, مدافع

مدعی‌علیه, مدافع

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to charge
[فعل]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

متهم کردن

متهم کردن

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action
[اسم]

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

اقامه دعوا

اقامه دعوا

Ex: The plaintiff initiated action to seek damages for the harm done .
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lawsuit
[اسم]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

دادخواست, شکایت

دادخواست, شکایت

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to sue
[فعل]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

از کسی شکایت کردن

از کسی شکایت کردن

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proceedings
[اسم]

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

اقدام قانونی

اقدام قانونی

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sheriff
[اسم]

an elected officer of law in a county

کلانتر

کلانتر

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inspector
[اسم]

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

معاون کلانتر

معاون کلانتر

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