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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - La Ley y el Orden

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre la ley y el orden, como "justice", "bill", "clause", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
justice
[Sustantivo]

a behavior or treatment that is fair and just

justicia

justicia

constitution
[Sustantivo]

the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed

constitución

constitución

bill
[Sustantivo]

a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about

proyecto de ley

proyecto de ley

clause
[Sustantivo]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

cláusula

cláusula

statute
[Sustantivo]

an officially written and established law

ley, estatuto

ley, estatuto

act
[Sustantivo]

a law that is passed by a parliament or congress

ley, acto

ley, acto

Ex: The civil act was a significant milestone in the fight for equality and justice .
legislative
[Adjetivo]

relating to the making and passing of laws by government bodies

legislativo

legislativo

attorney
[Sustantivo]

a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law

representante legal, apoderado

representante legal, apoderado

to pass
[Verbo]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

aprobar, promulgar

aprobar, promulgar

Ex: The United Nations Security Council passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .
declaration
[Sustantivo]

(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true

declaración

declaración

hearing
[Sustantivo]

(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence

audiencia, vista

audiencia, vista

judicial
[Adjetivo]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

judicial

judicial

legitimate
[Adjetivo]

officially allowed or accepted according to the rules or laws that apply to a particular situation

legítimo, legal

legítimo, legal

plea
[Sustantivo]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

declaración

declaración

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

procesar

procesar

ruling
[Sustantivo]

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

resolución

resolución

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: After the trial , the judge sentenced the convicted murderer .
to testify
[Verbo]

to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true

testificar, declarar

testificar, declarar

Ex: The court relies on witnesses who are willing testify truthfully for a fair trial .
testimony
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

testimonio, declaración

testimonio, declaración

evidence
[Sustantivo]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

prueba, comprobación

prueba, comprobación

trial
[Sustantivo]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

juicio

juicio

verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

bail
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial

fianza

fianza

to appeal
[Verbo]

to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court

apelar a

apelar a

Ex: The defendant decided appeal the verdict of the lower court in hopes of receiving a more favorable outcome .
defendant
[Sustantivo]

a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime

acusado

acusado

to charge
[Verbo]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acusar

acusar

action
[Sustantivo]

a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal

acción

acción

Ex: The plaintiff initiated action to seek damages for the harm done .
lawsuit
[Sustantivo]

a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement

pleito, demanda, juicio

pleito, demanda, juicio

to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

proceedings
[Sustantivo]

actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument

proceso

proceso

sheriff
[Sustantivo]

an elected officer of law in a county

sheriff, alguacil

sheriff, alguacil

inspector
[Sustantivo]

a police officer holding an intermediate rank

inspector

inspector

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