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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL - Law and Order

Here you will learn some English words about law and order, such as "justice", "bill", "clause", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
justice
[noun]
a behavior or treatment that is fair and just
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constitution
[noun]
the official laws and principles by which a country or state is governed
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bill
[noun]
a new law that is proposed to a parliament to be discussed about
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clause
[noun]
a separate part of a legal document that requires something different
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statute
[noun]
an officially written and established law
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act
[noun]
a law that is passed by a parliament or congress
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legislative
[adjective]
relating to making and enacting laws
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legislation
[noun]
a law or a set of laws passed by a legislative body, such as a parliament
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attorney
[noun]
a lawyer who represents someone in a court of law
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to pass
[verb]
to make or accept a law by voting or by decree
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declaration
[noun]
(law) an official written document that people sign to agree on something or accept something as true
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hearing
[noun]
(law) an official gathering in a court of law, especially without the presence of the jury, to find out information about a case and listen to evidence
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judicial
[adjective]
belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice
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legitimate
[adjective]
officially authorized according to regulations, or jurisdiction that govern a particular institution, field of activity, or legal matter
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plea
[noun]
(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation
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to prosecute
[verb]
to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser
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representation
[noun]
the state of being represented or the act of representing
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authority
[noun]
(usually plural) people with decision-making power over a specific area in a country
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ruling
[noun]
a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge
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to sentence
[verb]
to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law
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to testify
[verb]
to make a statement as a witness in court saying something is true
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testimony
[noun]
a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court
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witness
[noun]
(law) a person who testifies under oath in a court of law
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evidence
[noun]
anything that proves the truth or validity of something, such as facts, objects, or signs
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trial
[noun]
a legal process examining the evidence of a case in court by a judge and jury and deciding if the accused is guilty
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verdict
[noun]
an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings
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bail
[noun]
an amount of money that must be paid in order for someone who is accused of a crime to be released until their trial
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to appeal
[verb]
to officially ask a higher court to review and reverse the decision made by a lower court
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defendant
[noun]
a person in a law court who is sued by someone else or is accused of committing a crime
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draft
[noun]
an unfinished version of something written that might be subject to change before it is finished
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to charge
[verb]
to formally accuse someone of committing a crime, in a court of law
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action
[noun]
a formal or legal process in which it is decided if someone has done something wrong or illegal
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lawsuit
[noun]
a complaint or claim that someone brings to a law court for settlement
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to sue
[verb]
to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court
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proceedings
[noun]
actions taken in a court of law in order to settle an argument
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sheriff
[noun]
an elected officer of law in a county
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inspector
[noun]
a police officer of middle rank
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