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Salute e Malattia - Disturbi genetici

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative ai disturbi genetici come "albinismo", "emofilia" e "distrofia".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

sindrome di Marfan, malattia di Marfan

sindrome di Marfan, malattia di Marfan

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neurofibromatosis
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatosi

neurofibromatosi

Ex: Genetic counseling is recommended for individuals with a family history of neurofibromatosis.
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Noonan syndrome
[sostantivo]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

sindrome di Noonan, disturbo genetico di Noonan

sindrome di Noonan, disturbo genetico di Noonan

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a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

sindrome di Prader-Willi, malattia di Prader-Willi

sindrome di Prader-Willi, malattia di Prader-Willi

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Rett syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

sindrome di Rett, malattia di Rett

sindrome di Rett, malattia di Rett

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tay-sachs disease
[sostantivo]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

la malattia di Tay-Sachs, la gangliosidosi GM2

la malattia di Tay-Sachs, la gangliosidosi GM2

Ex: Genetic counseling is crucial in high-risk populations with a history of Tay-Sachs disease.La consulenza genetica è cruciale nelle popolazioni ad alto rischio con una storia di **malattia di Tay-Sachs**.
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thalassemia
[sostantivo]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

talassemia, anemia mediterranea

talassemia, anemia mediterranea

Ex: Awareness campaigns focus on education and early detection of thalassemia in high-risk populations .Le campagne di sensibilizzazione si concentrano sull'educazione e sulla diagnosi precoce della **talassemia** nelle popolazioni ad alto rischio.
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Tourette syndrome
[sostantivo]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

sindrome di Tourette, disturbo di Tourette

sindrome di Tourette, disturbo di Tourette

Ex: Many individuals with Tourette's lead successful lives, and symptoms may improve with age.Molte persone con **sindrome di Tourette** conducono vite di successo e i sintomi possono migliorare con l'età.
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albinism
[sostantivo]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinismo

albinismo

Ex: Albinism is caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting melanin production .**Albinismo** è causato da mutazioni genetiche ereditate che influenzano la produzione di melanina.
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Angelman syndrome
[sostantivo]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

sindrome di Angelman, malattia di Angelman

sindrome di Angelman, malattia di Angelman

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Apert syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

sindrome di Apert, malattia di Apert

sindrome di Apert, malattia di Apert

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a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

la malattia di Charcot-Marie-Tooth, la neuropatia sensitivo-motoria ereditaria

la malattia di Charcot-Marie-Tooth, la neuropatia sensitivo-motoria ereditaria

Ex: There is no cure for CMT, but physical therapy helps manage symptoms.Non esiste una cura per la **malattia di Charcot-Marie-Tooth**, ma la fisioterapia aiuta a gestire i sintomi.
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a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

iperplasia surrenale congenita, iperplasia congenita delle surrenali

iperplasia surrenale congenita, iperplasia congenita delle surrenali

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cystic fibrosis
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibrosi cistica, mucoviscidosi

fibrosi cistica, mucoviscidosi

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
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Down syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

sindrome di Down, trisomia 21

sindrome di Down, trisomia 21

Ex: Down syndrome does not have a cure, but supportive care and educational interventions can enhance quality of life.La **sindrome di Down** non ha una cura, ma cure di supporto e interventi educativi possono migliorare la qualità della vita.
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a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

sindrome di Ehlers-Danlos, malattia di Ehlers-Danlos

sindrome di Ehlers-Danlos, malattia di Ehlers-Danlos

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Fabry disease
[sostantivo]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

malattia di Fabry, disturbo di Fabry

malattia di Fabry, disturbo di Fabry

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fragile X syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

sindrome dell'X fragile, sindrome del cromosoma X fragile

sindrome dell'X fragile, sindrome del cromosoma X fragile

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hemophilia
[sostantivo]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

emofilia

emofilia

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hemochromatosis
[sostantivo]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

emocromatosi

emocromatosi

Ex: Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent complications associated with hemochromatosis.
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a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

sindrome di Klinefelter

sindrome di Klinefelter

Ex: Increased awareness of Klinefelter syndrome aids in early detection and intervention .Una maggiore consapevolezza della **sindrome di Klinefelter** aiuta nella rilevazione precoce e nell'intervento.
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turner syndrome
[sostantivo]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

sindrome di Turner

sindrome di Turner

Ex: Turner syndrome can be associated with various health issues, including heart and kidney abnormalities.La **sindrome di Turner** può essere associata a vari problemi di salute, tra cui anomalie cardiache e renali.
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Williams syndrome
[sostantivo]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

sindrome di Williams, malattia di Williams

sindrome di Williams, malattia di Williams

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a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

la malattia di Huntington, la corea di Huntington

la malattia di Huntington, la corea di Huntington

Ex: Research efforts aim to develop potential therapies for Huntington's disease.Gli sforzi di ricerca mirano a sviluppare potenziali terapie per la **malattia di Huntington**.
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a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

anemia falciforme, malattia delle cellule falciformi

anemia falciforme, malattia delle cellule falciformi

Ex: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in individuals of African, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent.L'**anemia falciforme** è più prevalente negli individui di origine africana, mediterranea e mediorientale.
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dystrophy
[sostantivo]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

distrofia

distrofia

Ex: Nerve degeneration led to numbness in neurotrophic dystrophy.La degenerazione nervosa ha portato a intorpidimento nella **distrofia** neurotrofica.
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a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

malattia di von Willebrand, deficit del fattore von Willebrand

malattia di von Willebrand, deficit del fattore von Willebrand

Ex: Von Willebrand disease is usually inherited and can vary in severity.
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