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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Genetiska störningar

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till genetiska störningar såsom "albinism", "hemofili" och "dystrofi".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

Marfans syndrom, Marfans sjukdom

Marfans syndrom, Marfans sjukdom

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neurofibromatosis
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatos

neurofibromatos

Ex: Genetic counseling is recommended for individuals with a family history of neurofibromatosis.
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Noonan syndrome
[Substantiv]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

Noonans syndrom, Noonans genetiska störning

Noonans syndrom, Noonans genetiska störning

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a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

Prader-Willis syndrom, Prader-Willis sjukdom

Prader-Willis syndrom, Prader-Willis sjukdom

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Rett syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

Retts syndrom, Retts sjukdom

Retts syndrom, Retts sjukdom

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tay-sachs disease
[Substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

Tay-Sachs sjukdom, GM2-gangliosidos

Tay-Sachs sjukdom, GM2-gangliosidos

Ex: Genetic counseling is crucial in high-risk populations with a history of Tay-Sachs disease.Genetisk rådgivning är avgörande i högriskgrupper med en historia av **Tay-Sachs sjukdom**.
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thalassemia
[Substantiv]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

talassemi, medelhavsanemi

talassemi, medelhavsanemi

Ex: Awareness campaigns focus on education and early detection of thalassemia in high-risk populations .Medvetenhetskampanjer fokuserar på utbildning och tidig upptäckt av **thalassemi** i högriskpopulationer.
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Tourette syndrome
[Substantiv]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

Tourettes syndrom, Tourettes störning

Tourettes syndrom, Tourettes störning

Ex: Many individuals with Tourette's lead successful lives, and symptoms may improve with age.Många individer med **Tourettes syndrom** lever framgångsrika liv, och symtomen kan förbättras med åldern.
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albinism
[Substantiv]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinism

albinism

Ex: Albinism is caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting melanin production .**Albinism** orsakas av ärftliga genetiska mutationer som påverkar melaninproduktionen.
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Angelman syndrome
[Substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

Angelmans syndrom, Angelmans sjukdom

Angelmans syndrom, Angelmans sjukdom

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Apert syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

Aperts syndrom, Aperts sjukdom

Aperts syndrom, Aperts sjukdom

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a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

Charcot-Marie-Tooths sjukdom, hereditär sensorimotorisk neuropati

Charcot-Marie-Tooths sjukdom, hereditär sensorimotorisk neuropati

Ex: There is no cure for CMT, but physical therapy helps manage symptoms.Det finns inget botemedel för **Charcot-Marie-Tooth sjukdom**, men fysioterapi hjälper till att hantera symtomen.
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a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

medfödd binjurehyperplasi, kongenital binjurehyperplasi

medfödd binjurehyperplasi, kongenital binjurehyperplasi

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cystic fibrosis
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

cystisk fibros, mukoviscidos

cystisk fibros, mukoviscidos

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
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Down syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

Downs syndrom, trisomi 21

Downs syndrom, trisomi 21

Ex: Down syndrome does not have a cure, but supportive care and educational interventions can enhance quality of life.**Downs syndrom** har ingen bot, men stödjande vård och pedagogiska insatser kan förbättra livskvaliteten.
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a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

Ehlers-Danlos syndrom, Ehlers-Danlos sjukdom

Ehlers-Danlos syndrom, Ehlers-Danlos sjukdom

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Fabry disease
[Substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

Fabrys sjukdom, Fabrys störning

Fabrys sjukdom, Fabrys störning

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fragile X syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

bräckligt X-syndrom, syndrom av det bräckliga X-kromosomen

bräckligt X-syndrom, syndrom av det bräckliga X-kromosomen

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hemophilia
[Substantiv]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

hemofili, ärftlig blödningssjukdom

hemofili, ärftlig blödningssjukdom

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hemochromatosis
[Substantiv]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

hemokromatos

hemokromatos

Ex: Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent complications associated with hemochromatosis.
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a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

Klinefelters syndrom

Klinefelters syndrom

Ex: Increased awareness of Klinefelter syndrome aids in early detection and intervention .Ökad medvetenhet om **Klinefelters syndrom** hjälper till med tidig upptäckt och intervention.
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turner syndrome
[Substantiv]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

Turners syndrom

Turners syndrom

Ex: Turner syndrome can be associated with various health issues, including heart and kidney abnormalities.**Turners syndrom** kan vara förknippat med olika hälsoproblem, inklusive hjärt- och njurmissbildningar.
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Williams syndrome
[Substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

Williams syndrom, Williams sjukdom

Williams syndrom, Williams sjukdom

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a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

Huntingtons sjukdom, Huntingtons chorea

Huntingtons sjukdom, Huntingtons chorea

Ex: Research efforts aim to develop potential therapies for Huntington's disease.Forskningsinsatser syftar till att utveckla potentiella terapier för **Huntingtons sjukdom**.
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a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

sicklecellanemi, sicklecellsjukdom

sicklecellanemi, sicklecellsjukdom

Ex: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in individuals of African, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent.**Sickle cell-anemi** är vanligare hos personer av afrikanskt, medelhavs- och mellanösternursprung.
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dystrophy
[Substantiv]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

dystrofi

dystrofi

Ex: Nerve degeneration led to numbness in neurotrophic dystrophy.Nervdegeneration ledde till domning i neurotrofisk **dystrofi**.
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a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

von Willebrands sjukdom, brist på von Willebrandfaktor

von Willebrands sjukdom, brist på von Willebrandfaktor

Ex: Von Willebrand disease is usually inherited and can vary in severity.
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