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Salud y Enfermedad - Desordenes genéticos

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con trastornos genéticos como "albinismo", "hemofilia" y "distrofia".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

síndrome de Marfan, marfanoides

síndrome de Marfan, marfanoides

neurofibromatosis
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatosis, neurofibromatosis tipo 1

neurofibromatosis, neurofibromatosis tipo 1

Noonan syndrome
[Sustantivo]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

síndrome de Noonan, síndrome de Noonan (trastorno genético)

síndrome de Noonan, síndrome de Noonan (trastorno genético)

a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

síndrome de Prader-Willi, síndrome de Prader-Willi hereditario

síndrome de Prader-Willi, síndrome de Prader-Willi hereditario

Rett syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

Síndrome de Rett, trastorno de Rett

Síndrome de Rett, trastorno de Rett

tay-sachs disease
[Sustantivo]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

la enfermedad de Tay-Sachs, el síndrome de Tay-Sachs

la enfermedad de Tay-Sachs, el síndrome de Tay-Sachs

thalassemia
[Sustantivo]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

talasemia, talasemias

talasemia, talasemias

Ex: Awareness campaigns focus on education and early detection thalassemia in high-risk populations .
Tourette syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

el síndrome de Tourette, la enfermedad de Tourette

el síndrome de Tourette, la enfermedad de Tourette

albinism
[Sustantivo]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinismo, albinismo ocular

albinismo, albinismo ocular

Ex: Albinism is caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting melanin production .
Angelman syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

síndrome de Angelman, síndrome de Angelman (trastorno genético raro)

síndrome de Angelman, síndrome de Angelman (trastorno genético raro)

Apert syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

Síndrome de Apert, Apert síndrome

Síndrome de Apert, Apert síndrome

a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth, síndrome de Charcot-Marie-Tooth

enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth, síndrome de Charcot-Marie-Tooth

a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita, hiperplasia adrenal congénita

hiperplasia suprarrenal congénita, hiperplasia adrenal congénita

cystic fibrosis
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibrosis quística, cistosis fibrosa

fibrosis quística, cistosis fibrosa

Ex: Individuals cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
Down syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

síndrome de Down, trisomía 21

síndrome de Down, trisomía 21

a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos, síndrome Ehlers-Danlos

síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos, síndrome Ehlers-Danlos

Fabry disease
[Sustantivo]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

Enfermedad de Fabry, Fabrisidosis

Enfermedad de Fabry, Fabrisidosis

fragile X syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

síndrome del cromosoma X frágil, síndrome X frágil

síndrome del cromosoma X frágil, síndrome X frágil

hemophilia
[Sustantivo]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

hemofilia

hemofilia

hemochromatosis
[Sustantivo]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

hemocromatosis, hemocromatosis hereditaria

hemocromatosis, hemocromatosis hereditaria

a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

síndrome de Klinefelter, síndrome de Klienfelter

síndrome de Klinefelter, síndrome de Klienfelter

turner syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

Síndrome de Turner, Turner síndrome

Síndrome de Turner, Turner síndrome

Williams syndrome
[Sustantivo]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

síndrome de Williams, trastorno de Williams

síndrome de Williams, trastorno de Williams

a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

Enfermedad de Huntington, Huntington

Enfermedad de Huntington, Huntington

a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

enfermedad de células falciformes, drepanocitosis

enfermedad de células falciformes, drepanocitosis

dystrophy
[Sustantivo]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

distrofia muscular, distrofia

distrofia muscular, distrofia

a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

enfermedad de von Willebrand, trastorno de von Willebrand

enfermedad de von Willebrand, trastorno de von Willebrand

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