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Zdrowie i Choroba - Zaburzenia genetyczne

Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z chorobami genetycznymi, takimi jak „albinizm”, „hemofilia” i „dystrofia”.

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

zespół Marfana, syndrom Marfana

zespół Marfana, syndrom Marfana

neurofibromatosis
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatoza, neurofibromatoza genetyczna

neurofibromatoza, neurofibromatoza genetyczna

Ex: Genetic counseling is recommended for individuals with a family history neurofibromatosis.
Noonan syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

Zespół Noonan, syndrom Noonan

Zespół Noonan, syndrom Noonan

a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

zespół Pradera-Williego, syndrom Pradera-Williego

zespół Pradera-Williego, syndrom Pradera-Williego

Rett syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

Zespół Rett, Rett syndrom

Zespół Rett, Rett syndrom

tay-sachs disease
[Rzeczownik]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

Choroba Taya-Sachsa, Zespół Tay-Sachsa

Choroba Taya-Sachsa, Zespół Tay-Sachsa

Ex: Genetic counseling is crucial in high-risk populations with a history Tay-Sachs disease.
thalassemia
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

talasemia, talasemia alfa

talasemia, talasemia alfa

Ex: Awareness campaigns focus on education and early detection thalassemia in high-risk populations .
Tourette syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

zespół Tourette'a, syndrom Tourette'a

zespół Tourette'a, syndrom Tourette'a

Ex: Many individuals with Tourette's lead successful lives, and symptoms may improve with age.
albinism
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinizm, albinotyzm

albinizm, albinotyzm

Ex: Albinism is caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting melanin production .
Angelman syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

zespół Angelmana, syndrom Angelmana

zespół Angelmana, syndrom Angelmana

Apert syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

Zespół Apperta, Apert syndrom

Zespół Apperta, Apert syndrom

a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

choroba Charcota-Marie'a-Tootha, zespół Charcota-Marie'a-Tootha

choroba Charcota-Marie'a-Tootha, zespół Charcota-Marie'a-Tootha

Ex: There is no cure for CMT, but physical therapy helps manage symptoms.

a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

wrodzona hiperplazja nadnerczy, wrodzone przerosty kory nadnerczy

wrodzona hiperplazja nadnerczy, wrodzone przerosty kory nadnerczy

cystic fibrosis
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

mukowiscydoza, cystic fibrosis

mukowiscydoza, cystic fibrosis

Ex: Individuals cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
Down syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

zespół Downa, zespół chromosomu 21

zespół Downa, zespół chromosomu 21

Ex: Down syndrome does not have a cure, but supportive care and educational interventions can enhance quality of life.

a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

Zespół Ehlersa-Danlosa, Ehlers-Danlos syndrom

Zespół Ehlersa-Danlosa, Ehlers-Danlos syndrom

Fabry disease
[Rzeczownik]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

choroba Fabry'ego, disease Fabry'ego

choroba Fabry'ego, disease Fabry'ego

fragile X syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

zespół łamliwego chromosomu X, zespół łamliwego chromosomu X (FXS)

zespół łamliwego chromosomu X, zespół łamliwego chromosomu X (FXS)

hemophilia
[Rzeczownik]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

hemofilia, krwotoczność

hemofilia, krwotoczność

hemochromatosis
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

hemochromatoza, hemosyderoza

hemochromatoza, hemosyderoza

Ex: Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent complications associated hemochromatosis.

a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

zespół Klinefeltera, zespół Klinefeltera (syndrom Klinefeltera)

zespół Klinefeltera, zespół Klinefeltera (syndrom Klinefeltera)

Ex: Increased awareness Klinefelter syndrome aids in early detection and intervention .
turner syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

zespół Turnera, syndrom Turnera

zespół Turnera, syndrom Turnera

Ex: Turner syndrome can be associated with various health issues, including heart and kidney abnormalities.
Williams syndrome
[Rzeczownik]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

zespół Williamsa, syndrom Williamsa

zespół Williamsa, syndrom Williamsa

a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

choroba Huntingtona, dziedziczna choroba neurodegeneracyjna Huntingtona

choroba Huntingtona, dziedziczna choroba neurodegeneracyjna Huntingtona

Ex: Research efforts aim to develop potential therapies for Huntington's disease.

a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

choroba sierpowata, anemia sierpowata

choroba sierpowata, anemia sierpowata

Ex: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in individuals of African, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent.
dystrophy
[Rzeczownik]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

dystrofia, dystrofia mięśniowa

dystrofia, dystrofia mięśniowa

Ex: Nerve degeneration led to numbness in dystrophy.

a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

choroba von Willebranda, zespół von Willebranda

choroba von Willebranda, zespół von Willebranda

Ex: Von Willebrand disease is usually inherited and can vary in severity.
Zdrowie i Choroba
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