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Sănătate și Boală - Tulburări genetice

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de tulburări genetice precum "albinismul", "hemofilia" și "distrofia".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

sindromul Marfan, boala Marfan

sindromul Marfan, boala Marfan

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neurofibromatosis
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatoză

neurofibromatoză

Ex: Genetic counseling is recommended for individuals with a family history of neurofibromatosis.
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Noonan syndrome
[substantiv]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

sindromul Noonan, tulburare genetică Noonan

sindromul Noonan, tulburare genetică Noonan

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a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

sindromul Prader-Willi, boala Prader-Willi

sindromul Prader-Willi, boala Prader-Willi

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Rett syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

sindromul Rett, boala Rett

sindromul Rett, boala Rett

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tay-sachs disease
[substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

boala Tay-Sachs, gangliosidoza GM2

boala Tay-Sachs, gangliosidoza GM2

Ex: Genetic counseling is crucial in high-risk populations with a history of Tay-Sachs disease.Consilierea genetică este crucială în populațiile cu risc ridicat cu istoric de **boală Tay-Sachs**.
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thalassemia
[substantiv]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

talasemie, anemia mediteraneană

talasemie, anemia mediteraneană

Ex: Awareness campaigns focus on education and early detection of thalassemia in high-risk populations .Campaniile de conștientizare se concentrează pe educație și detectarea precoce a **thalassemiei** în populațiile cu risc ridicat.
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Tourette syndrome
[substantiv]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

sindromul Tourette, tulburarea Tourette

sindromul Tourette, tulburarea Tourette

Ex: Many individuals with Tourette's lead successful lives, and symptoms may improve with age.Mulți indivizi cu **sindromul Tourette** duc vieți de succes, iar simptomele se pot îmbunătăți cu vârsta.
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albinism
[substantiv]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinism

albinism

Ex: Albinism is caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting melanin production .**Albinismul** este cauzat de mutații genetice moștenite care afectează producția de melanină.
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Angelman syndrome
[substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

sindromul Angelman, boala Angelman

sindromul Angelman, boala Angelman

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Apert syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

sindromul Apert, boala Apert

sindromul Apert, boala Apert

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a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

boala Charcot-Marie-Tooth, neuropatia senzitiv-motorie ereditară

boala Charcot-Marie-Tooth, neuropatia senzitiv-motorie ereditară

Ex: There is no cure for CMT, but physical therapy helps manage symptoms.Nu există leac pentru **boala Charcot-Marie-Tooth**, dar kinetoterapia ajută la gestionarea simptomelor.
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a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

hiperplazie congenitală de suprarenală, hiperplazie adrenală congenitală

hiperplazie congenitală de suprarenală, hiperplazie adrenală congenitală

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cystic fibrosis
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

fibroza chistică, mucoviscidoză

fibroza chistică, mucoviscidoză

Ex: Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic lung infections due to the difficulty in clearing mucus from the airways .
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Down syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

sindromul Down, trisomia 21

sindromul Down, trisomia 21

Ex: Down syndrome does not have a cure, but supportive care and educational interventions can enhance quality of life.**Sindromul Down** nu are leac, dar îngrijirea de susținere și intervențiile educaționale pot îmbunătăți calitatea vieții.
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a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

sindromul Ehlers-Danlos, boala Ehlers-Danlos

sindromul Ehlers-Danlos, boala Ehlers-Danlos

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Fabry disease
[substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

boala Fabry, tulburarea Fabry

boala Fabry, tulburarea Fabry

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fragile X syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

sindromul X fragil, sindromul cromozomului X fragil

sindromul X fragil, sindromul cromozomului X fragil

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hemophilia
[substantiv]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

hemofilie, tulburare hemoragica ereditară

hemofilie, tulburare hemoragica ereditară

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hemochromatosis
[substantiv]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

hemocromatoză

hemocromatoză

Ex: Early detection and intervention are crucial to prevent complications associated with hemochromatosis.
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a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

sindromul Klinefelter

sindromul Klinefelter

Ex: Increased awareness of Klinefelter syndrome aids in early detection and intervention .Creșterea conștientizării despre **sindromul Klinefelter** ajută la detectarea timpurie și intervenție.
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turner syndrome
[substantiv]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

sindromul Turner

sindromul Turner

Ex: Turner syndrome can be associated with various health issues, including heart and kidney abnormalities.**Sindromul Turner** poate fi asociat cu diverse probleme de sănătate, inclusiv anomalii cardiace și renale.
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Williams syndrome
[substantiv]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

sindromul Williams, boala Williams

sindromul Williams, boala Williams

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a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

boala Huntington, coreea Huntington

boala Huntington, coreea Huntington

Ex: Research efforts aim to develop potential therapies for Huntington's disease.Eforturile de cercetare au ca scop dezvoltarea unor terapii potențiale pentru **boala Huntington**.
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a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

anemia falciformă, boala celulelor falciforme

anemia falciformă, boala celulelor falciforme

Ex: Sickle cell disease is more prevalent in individuals of African, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent.**Anemia cu celule în seceră** este mai prevalentă la persoanele de origine africană, mediteraneană și din Orientul Mijlociu.
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dystrophy
[substantiv]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

distrofie

distrofie

Ex: Nerve degeneration led to numbness in neurotrophic dystrophy.Degenerarea nervoasă a dus la amorțeală în **distrofia** neurotrofică.
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a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

boala von Willebrand, deficit de factor von Willebrand

boala von Willebrand, deficit de factor von Willebrand

Ex: Von Willebrand disease is usually inherited and can vary in severity.
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