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Gezondheid en Ziekte - Genetische aandoeningen

Hier leer je enkele Engelse woorden die verband houden met genetische aandoeningen zoals "albinisme", "hemofilie" en "dystrofie".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
Marfan syndrome
Marfan syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder characterized by connective tissue abnormalities, leading to various physical manifestations including tall stature, long limbs, joint hypermobility, and cardiovascular issues

Marfan-syndroom, Marfan-ziekte

Marfan-syndroom, Marfan-ziekte

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neurofibromatosis
neurofibromatosis
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder causing the growth of tumors on nerves throughout the body, with varying symptoms and severity

neurofibromatose

neurofibromatose

Ex: Neurofibromatosis is caused by mutations in specific genes. 
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Noonan syndrome
Noonan syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

genetic disorder with characteristic facial features, short stature, developmental delays, and heart defects caused by mutations affecting cell signaling proteins

Noonan-syndroom, Noonan genetische aandoening

Noonan-syndroom, Noonan genetische aandoening

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Prader–Willi syndrome
Prader–Willi syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder with symptoms like insatiable appetite, obesity, intellectual disability, and developmental delays caused by gene deletion or loss of function on chromosome 15

syndroom van Prader-Willi, ziekte van Prader-Willi

syndroom van Prader-Willi, ziekte van Prader-Willi

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Rett syndrome
Rett syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder in girls causing developmental regression, communication impairments, and neurological issues due to MECP2 gene mutations

syndroom van Rett, ziekte van Rett

syndroom van Rett, ziekte van Rett

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tay-sachs disease
tay-sachs disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the nervous system, typically leading to early childhood death

de ziekte van Tay-Sachs, GM2-gangliosidose

de ziekte van Tay-Sachs, GM2-gangliosidose

Ex: There is currently no cure for Tay-Sachs disease. 
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thalassemia
thalassemia
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic blood disorder characterized by reduced production of hemoglobin, leading to anemia, and it can range from mild to severe

thalassemie, middellandse zeeanemie

thalassemie, middellandse zeeanemie

Ex: Alpha thalassemia involves reduced or absent alpha globin chains. 
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Tourette syndrome
Tourette syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics

syndroom van Tourette, stoornis van Tourette

syndroom van Tourette, stoornis van Tourette

Ex: In Tourette's syndrome tics are sudden, rapid, and recurrent movements or sounds, classified as motor or vocal tics. 
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albinism
albinism
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic condition characterized by a lack of pigmentation in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a significant reduction or absence of melanin

albinisme

albinisme

Ex: Individuals with albinism often have very light skin, hair, and eye color. 
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Angelman syndrome
Angelman syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a rare genetic disorder with developmental delays, intellectual disability, speech issues, and seizures, caused by gene mutations on chromosome 15

Angelman-syndroom, ziekte van Angelman

Angelman-syndroom, ziekte van Angelman

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Apert syndrome
Apert syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder with craniofacial abnormalities, fused fingers or toes, and skeletal issues due to FGFR2 gene mutations

Apert-syndroom, Apert-ziekte

Apert-syndroom, Apert-ziekte

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charcot-marie-tooth disease
charcot-marie-tooth disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a group of inherited neurological disorders affecting the peripheral nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, particularly in the feet and hands

de ziekte van Charcot-Marie-Tooth, de erfelijke sensomotorische neuropathie

de ziekte van Charcot-Marie-Tooth, de erfelijke sensomotorische neuropathie

Ex: Onset of CMT can occur in childhood or adulthood. 
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congenital adrenal hyperplasia
congenital adrenal hyperplasia
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder causing hormonal imbalances and abnormal development of secondary sexual characteristics due to impaired cortisol production by the adrenal glands

congenitale bijnierhyperplasie, aangeboren bijnierhyperplasie

congenitale bijnierhyperplasie, aangeboren bijnierhyperplasie

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cystic fibrosis
cystic fibrosis
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder causing the production of thick and sticky mucus, affecting the respiratory and digestive systems and leading to various complications

cystic fibrosis, taaislijmziekte

cystic fibrosis, taaislijmziekte

Ex: Support from healthcare teams is essential for individuals with cystic fibrosis. 
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Down syndrome
Down syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, leading to intellectual disabilities, distinct facial features, and potential health issues

syndroom van Down, trisomie 21

syndroom van Down, trisomie 21

Ex: Down syndrome is characterized by intellectual disabilities and unique facial features. 
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Ehlers Danlos syndrome
Ehlers Danlos syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a group of connective tissue disorders causing joint hypermobility, skin that bruises easily, and other symptoms due to abnormal collagen production

syndroom van Ehlers-Danlos, ziekte van Ehlers-Danlos

syndroom van Ehlers-Danlos, ziekte van Ehlers-Danlos

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Fabry disease
Fabry disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a rare genetic disorder causing the build-up of a fatty substance in organs, leading to symptoms like pain, skin lesions, and organ damage

ziekte van Fabry, Fabry-stoornis

ziekte van Fabry, Fabry-stoornis

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fragile X syndrome
fragile X syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder causing intellectual disability, developmental delays, and other symptoms due to a gene mutation that affects normal brain function

fragiele-X-syndroom, syndroom van het fragiele X-chromosoom

fragiele-X-syndroom, syndroom van het fragiele X-chromosoom

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hemophilia
hemophilia
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a mostly inherited genetic disorder in which the blood does not clot properly, leading to excessive or spontaneous bleeding

hemofilie, erfelijke stollingsstoornis

hemofilie, erfelijke stollingsstoornis

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hemochromatosis
hemochromatosis
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic disorder characterized by excessive absorption and accumulation of iron in the body, leading to potential organ damage

hemochromatose

hemochromatose

Ex: Hemochromatosis is primarily caused by mutations in the HFE gene. 
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Klinefelter syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic condition in males where there is an extra X chromosome, leading to developmental and hormonal differences

syndroom van Klinefelter

syndroom van Klinefelter

Ex: Klinefelter syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 500 to 1,000 male births. 
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turner syndrome
turner syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic condition affecting females, where one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing, leading to various developmental and medical challenges

syndroom van Turner

syndroom van Turner

Ex: Turner syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 2,500 live female births. 
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Williams syndrome
Williams syndrome
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a rare genetic disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and a unique cognitive profile, including strong verbal abilities and sociable personality traits

Williams-syndroom, ziekte van Williams

Williams-syndroom, ziekte van Williams

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Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms

de ziekte van Huntington, Huntington's chorea

de ziekte van Huntington, Huntington's chorea

Ex: Huntington's disease is caused by a genetic mutation in the HTT gene. 
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sickle-cell disease
sickle-cell disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a genetic blood disorder where red blood cells assume an abnormal, crescent shape, leading to various complications

sikkelcelanemie, sikkelcelziekte

sikkelcelanemie, sikkelcelziekte

Ex: Sickle cell disease results from a mutation in the HBB gene. 
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dystrophy
dystrophy
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a category of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration or weakening of tissues, particularly muscles

dystrofie

dystrofie

Ex: Jake faced challenges due to muscular dystrophy, affecting his mobility. 
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von willebrand disease
von willebrand disease
[zelfstandig naamwoord]

a bleeding disorder due to a deficiency or dysfunction of a blood clotting protein, leading to increased bleeding tendency

ziekte van von Willebrand, tekort aan von Willebrand-factor

ziekte van von Willebrand, tekort aan von Willebrand-factor

Ex: People with Von Willebrand disease may experience frequent nosebleeds. 
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