Językoznawstwo - Semantyka
Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z semantyką, takich jak „synonimia”, „epitet” i „znaczący”.
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the relationship between words or expressions that have similar or identical meanings, or nearly identical meanings, in a particular context or language
![synonimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
synonimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the relationship between words or expressions that have opposite or contrasting meanings
![antonimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
antonimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a hierarchical relationship between words, where one word (the hyponym) represents a more specific or subordinate category within the meaning of another word (the hypernym)
![hiponimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
hiponimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
an exemplary representation of a category that embodies its essential features and serves as a reference for evaluating other members of the category
![prototyp](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
prototyp
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form (spelling or pronunciation) but have different meanings, contributing to lexical ambiguity and requiring context for proper interpretation
![homonimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
homonimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a linguistic phenomenon where different words have the same or similar pronunciation but may have different spellings and meanings, resulting in potential confusion and ambiguity in oral communication
![homofonia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
homofonia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses
![polisemia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
polisemia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a type of figurative language that involves the unconventional or strained use of words, often resulting in an unexpected or exaggerated expression
![katachreza](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
katachreza
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the extent or range of meaning that a word, phrase, or grammatical construction has within a sentence or discourse
![zakres](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
zakres
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the way in which language expresses the speaker's or writer's attitude, opinion, or degree of certainty regarding a statement or proposition
![modalność](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
modalność
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a graphical representation or structure that depicts relationships between concepts or entities in a language or knowledge domain
![sieć semantyczna](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
sieć semantyczna
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the specific meaning or interpretation of a word in a given context or language
![sens słowa](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
sens słowa
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the study of how one word's meaning represents a specific way or type of another word's meaning within a particular category or field of language
![troponimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
troponimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a grammatical concept that represents the relationship between a noun phrase and the action or state described by a verb, indicating the role or function of the noun phrase in the event or situation
![rola tematyczna](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
rola tematyczna
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase leads to a temporary loss of its meaning or sense of familiarity
![nasycenie semantyczne](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
nasycenie semantyczne
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a sequence of words or terms in a text that are semantically related or connected by their meaning
![łańcuch leksykalny](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
łańcuch leksykalny
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a group or set of words that are related in meaning and share a common semantic theme or category
![pole semantyczne](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
pole semantyczne
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the connections or associations between words or concepts based on their meaning
![związek semantyczny](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
związek semantyczny
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a cognitive mechanism in which abstract or complex ideas are understood and expressed in terms of more concrete or familiar concepts
![metafora pojęciowa](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
metafora pojęciowa
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a cognitive process in which one concept is understood or represented in terms of another concept based on a conceptual or cognitive association between them, often involving contiguity or a part-whole relationship
![metonimia pojęciowa](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
metonimia pojęciowa
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a grammatical role or semantic role that refers to the entity that performs or initiates an action or event in a sentence or a clause
![agent](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
agent
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a process where the meaning of a word or concept expands or becomes more inclusive, encompassing a wider range of referents or interpretations than its original or core meaning
![poszerzanie](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
poszerzanie
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense
![tytuł](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
tytuł
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the specific sense or interpretation attributed to a word in a particular context
![znaczenie słowa](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
znaczenie słowa
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a situation where a language lacks a specific word or lexical item to express a particular concept or meaning
![przypadkowa luka](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
przypadkowa luka
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a word that carries semantic meaning and contributes to the overall content and understanding of a sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
![treściwe słowo](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
treściwe słowo
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a linguistic concept that describes the relationship between a word that represents a whole object and a word that represents a part or subset of that object
![meronimia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
meronimia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a structured system of signs, symbols, or codes that are used to communicate meaning within a particular context or domain
![system znaków](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
system znaków
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a type of definition that uses the term being defined as part of the definition itself, resulting in an uninformative or logically flawed explanation
![definicja okrężna](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
definicja okrężna
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the act or process of explaining the meaning of a word, concept, or term
![definicja](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
definicja
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a term used in semantics and linguistics to refer to a word that represents a whole or complete entity, while its parts are referred to as meronyms.
![holonim](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
holonim
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
(grammar) one of two or more words that are spelled the same but differ in meaning
![homograf](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
homograf
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a word or phrase that describes or provides information about something
![deskryptor](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
deskryptor
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the objective and dictionary-based meaning of a word, representing its core and universally accepted definition
![denotacja](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
denotacja
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a feeling or an idea suggested by a word aside from its literal or primary meaning
![konotacja](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
konotacja
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the condition when a word, phrase, or concept from one language lacks an equivalent or precise translation in another language due to cultural, linguistic, or contextual differences
![nieprzetłumaczalność](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
nieprzetłumaczalność
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a word or phrase that belongs to the same semantic field as another word or phrase and shares the same hypernym, representing a distinct subcategory or specific instance within that field
![współhiponim](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
współhiponim
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms
![słowo o szerszym znaczeniu lub zastosowaniu](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
słowo o szerszym znaczeniu lub zastosowaniu
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a semantic role that refers to the entity or object that is used to carry out or perform an action denoted by the verb in a sentence
![instrument](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
instrument
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the additional connotations or associations that a word or expression may evoke beyond its literal or primary meaning
![znaczenie skojarzeniowe](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
znaczenie skojarzeniowe
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the abstract understanding and mental representation associated with a word or expression
![znaczenie pojęciowe](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
znaczenie pojęciowe
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the minimal, irreducible unit of meaning within a word
![korzeń semantyczny](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
korzeń semantyczny
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the condition in which a word or expression has only one primary or dominant meaning, without significant ambiguity or variation in interpretation. It contrasts with polysemy, where a word has multiple related meanings
![monosemia](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
monosemia
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a unit or entity that carries meaning and represents a concept, idea, or object, often through a system of arbitrary associations between the signifier and the signified
![znak](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
znak
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the physical or perceptible form of a sign, such as a word, sound, image, or gesture, that represents or signifies a particular meaning or concept
![znaczący](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
znaczący
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the concept, meaning, or idea that a sign represents or signifies
![oznaczane](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
oznaczane
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
the entity that undergoes or experiences an action or change as a result of an event
![pacjent](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
pacjent
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a semantic role assigned to the entity that undergoes an emotional or perceptual experience, such as feeling, sensing, or perceiving something
![doświadczający](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
doświadczający
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a role assigned to the entity that represents the target or endpoint of an action or movement
![cel](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
cel
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a role assigned to the entity that represents the starting point or origin of an action or movement
![źródło](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
źródło
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that indicates the place or position where an action or state occurs
![lokalizacja](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
lokalizacja
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
(semantics) the person who benefits from an action in a sentence
![beneficjant](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
beneficjant
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that represents the entity to whom something is given or transferred
![odbiorca](https://api.langeek.co/v1/assets/flags/pl.png)
odbiorca
![Google Translate](/assets/icons/google_translate.png)
![LanGeek](/assets/logo/langeek-mono-small.png)