Logowanie
Językoznawstwo - Semantics
Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z semantyką, takich jak „synonimia”, „epitet” i „znaczący”.
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the relationship between words or expressions that have similar or identical meanings, or nearly identical meanings, in a particular context or language
synonimia
the relationship between words or expressions that have opposite or contrasting meanings
antonimia
a hierarchical relationship between words, where one word, the hyponym, represents a more specific or subordinate category within the meaning of another word, the hypernym
hiponimia, relacja hiponimiczna
the most typical example of a category that represents its common features
prototyp, archetyp
a linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form but have different meanings, contributing to lexical ambiguity and requiring context for proper interpretation
homonimia
a linguistic phenomenon where different words have the same or similar pronunciation but may have different spellings and meanings, resulting in potential confusion and ambiguity in oral communication
homofonia, homofonia językowa
the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses
polisemia, wieloznaczność
a type of figurative language that involves the unconventional or strained use of words, often resulting in an unexpected or exaggerated expression
katachrezy, katachrezis
the extent or range of meaning that a word, phrase, or grammatical construction has within a sentence or discourse
zakres, zasięg
the way in which language expresses the speaker's or writer's attitude, opinion, or degree of certainty regarding a statement or proposition
modalność
a graphical representation or structure that depicts relationships between concepts or entities in a language or knowledge domain
sieć semantyczna, graf semantyczny
the specific meaning or interpretation of a word in a given context or language
znaczenie słowa, sens słowa
the study of how one word's meaning represents a specific way or type of another word's meaning within a particular category or field of language
troponomia
a grammatical concept that represents the relationship between a noun phrase and the action or state described by a verb, indicating the role or function of the noun phrase in the event or situation
rola tematyczna, funkcja tematyczna
a psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase leads to a temporary loss of its meaning or sense of familiarity
nasycenie semantyczne, saturacja semantyczna
a sequence of words or terms in a text that are semantically related or connected by their meaning
łańcuch leksykalny, sekwencja leksykalna
a group or set of words that are related in meaning and share a common semantic theme or category
pole semantyczne, obszar semantyczny
the connections or associations between words or concepts based on their meaning
relacja semantyczna, związek semantyczny
a cognitive mechanism in which abstract or complex ideas are understood and expressed in terms of more concrete or familiar concepts
metafora konceptualna, metafora poznawcza
a cognitive process in which one concept is understood or represented in terms of another concept based on a conceptual or cognitive association between them, often involving contiguity or a part-whole relationship
metonimia konceptualna, metonimia poznawcza
a grammatical role or semantic role that refers to the entity that performs or initiates an action or event in a sentence or a clause
agent, aktor
a process where the meaning of a word or concept expands or becomes more inclusive, encompassing a wider range of referents or interpretations than its original or core meaning
poszerzenie
a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense
epitet, słowo opisowe
the specific sense or interpretation attributed to a word in a particular context
znaczenie słowa, sens
a situation where a language lacks a specific word or lexical item to express a particular concept or meaning
przypadkowa luka, przypadkowa przerwa
a word that carries semantic meaning and contributes to the overall content and understanding of a sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
słowo treściowe, słowo leksykalne
a linguistic concept that describes the relationship between a word that represents a whole object and a word that represents a part or subset of that object
meronimia
a structured system of signs, symbols, or codes that are used to communicate meaning within a particular context or domain
system znaków, system sygnałów
a type of definition that uses the term being defined as part of the definition itself, resulting in an uninformative or logically flawed explanation
definicja okrężna, definicja cykliczna
the act or process of explaining the meaning of a word, concept, or term
definicja
a term used in semantics and linguistics to refer to a word that represents a whole or complete entity, while its parts are referred to as meronyms
holonim
(grammar) one of two or more words that are spelled the same but differ in meaning
homograf
a word or phrase that describes or provides information about something
deskriptor, opisujący wyraz
the objective and dictionary-based meaning of a word, representing its core and universally accepted definition
denotacja, znaczenie
a feeling or an idea suggested by a word aside from its literal or primary meaning
konotacja, znaczenie dodatkowe
the condition when a word, phrase, or concept from one language lacks an equivalent or precise translation in another language due to cultural, linguistic, or contextual differences
nieprzetłumaczalność, trudność w tłumaczeniu
a word or phrase that belongs to the same semantic field as another word or phrase and shares the same hypernym, representing a distinct subcategory or specific instance within that field
co-hiponim, co-hiperonim
a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms
hiperonim, słowo ogólne
a semantic role that refers to the entity or object that is used to carry out or perform an action denoted by the verb in a sentence
narzędzie
the additional connotations or associations that a word or expression may evoke beyond its literal or primary meaning
znaczenie asocjacyjne, senso asocjacyjne
the basic and direct meaning of a word or phrase, representing the ideas it conveys
znaczenie konceptualne, pojęcie konceptualne
the minimal, irreducible unit of meaning within a word
rdzeń semantyczny, jednostka semantyczna
the condition in which a word or expression has only one primary or dominant meaning, without significant ambiguity or variation in interpretation
monosemia, jednoznaczność
a unit or entity that carries meaning and represents a concept, idea, or object, often through a system of arbitrary associations between the signifier and the signified
znak, symbol
the physical or perceptible form of a sign, such as a word, sound, image, or gesture, that represents or signifies a particular meaning or concept
znacznik, symbol
the concept, meaning, or idea that a sign represents or signifies
znaczenie, wyraz
the entity that undergoes or experiences an action or change as a result of an event
pacjent, beneficjent
a semantic role assigned to the entity that undergoes an emotional or perceptual experience, such as feeling, sensing, or perceiving something
doświadczający, przeżywający
a role assigned to the entity that represents the target or endpoint of an action or movement
cel, zadanie
a role assigned to the entity that represents the starting point or origin of an action or movement
źródło, pochodzenie
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that indicates the place or position where an action or state occurs
lokalizacja, miejsce
(semantics) the person who benefits from an action in a sentence
beneficjent, odbiorca
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that represents the entity to whom something is given or transferred
odbiorca, recypient
