Войти
Лингвистика - Semantics
Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с семантикой, такие как «синонимия», «эпитет» и «означающее».
Обзор
Флэш-карточки
Правописание
Тест
the relationship between words or expressions that have similar or identical meanings, or nearly identical meanings, in a particular context or language
синонимия
the relationship between words or expressions that have opposite or contrasting meanings
антонимия
a hierarchical relationship between words, where one word, the hyponym, represents a more specific or subordinate category within the meaning of another word, the hypernym
гипонимия, отношение гипонимии
the most typical example of a category that represents its common features
прототип, архетип
a linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form but have different meanings, contributing to lexical ambiguity and requiring context for proper interpretation
омонимия
a linguistic phenomenon where different words have the same or similar pronunciation but may have different spellings and meanings, resulting in potential confusion and ambiguity in oral communication
гомофония, лингвистическая гомофония
the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses
полисемия, многозначность
a type of figurative language that involves the unconventional or strained use of words, often resulting in an unexpected or exaggerated expression
катахрезис, катахрезис
the extent or range of meaning that a word, phrase, or grammatical construction has within a sentence or discourse
объем, сфера
the way in which language expresses the speaker's or writer's attitude, opinion, or degree of certainty regarding a statement or proposition
модальность
a graphical representation or structure that depicts relationships between concepts or entities in a language or knowledge domain
семантическая сеть, граф семантики
the specific meaning or interpretation of a word in a given context or language
значение слова, смысл слова
the study of how one word's meaning represents a specific way or type of another word's meaning within a particular category or field of language
тропонимия
a grammatical concept that represents the relationship between a noun phrase and the action or state described by a verb, indicating the role or function of the noun phrase in the event or situation
тематическая роль, функция темы
a psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase leads to a temporary loss of its meaning or sense of familiarity
семантическое насыщение, субъективное насыщение
a sequence of words or terms in a text that are semantically related or connected by their meaning
лексическая цепочка, лексическая последовательность
a group or set of words that are related in meaning and share a common semantic theme or category
семантическое поле, с Semantic поле
the connections or associations between words or concepts based on their meaning
семантическая связь, семантическое отношение
a cognitive mechanism in which abstract or complex ideas are understood and expressed in terms of more concrete or familiar concepts
концептуальная метафора, когнитивная метафора
a cognitive process in which one concept is understood or represented in terms of another concept based on a conceptual or cognitive association between them, often involving contiguity or a part-whole relationship
концептуальная метонимия, когнитивная метонимия
a grammatical role or semantic role that refers to the entity that performs or initiates an action or event in a sentence or a clause
агент, субъект
a process where the meaning of a word or concept expands or becomes more inclusive, encompassing a wider range of referents or interpretations than its original or core meaning
расширение
a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense
эпитет
the specific sense or interpretation attributed to a word in a particular context
значение, смысл
a situation where a language lacks a specific word or lexical item to express a particular concept or meaning
случайный пробел, случайная недостаточность
a word that carries semantic meaning and contributes to the overall content and understanding of a sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs
контентное слово, лексическое слово
a linguistic concept that describes the relationship between a word that represents a whole object and a word that represents a part or subset of that object
меронимия
a structured system of signs, symbols, or codes that are used to communicate meaning within a particular context or domain
система знаков, система сигналов
a type of definition that uses the term being defined as part of the definition itself, resulting in an uninformative or logically flawed explanation
круговое определение, циркулярное определение
the act or process of explaining the meaning of a word, concept, or term
определение
a term used in semantics and linguistics to refer to a word that represents a whole or complete entity, while its parts are referred to as meronyms
голо́ним
(grammar) one of two or more words that are spelled the same but differ in meaning
омоним
a word or phrase that describes or provides information about something
описатель
the objective and dictionary-based meaning of a word, representing its core and universally accepted definition
денотация, значение
a feeling or an idea suggested by a word aside from its literal or primary meaning
коннотация
the condition when a word, phrase, or concept from one language lacks an equivalent or precise translation in another language due to cultural, linguistic, or contextual differences
непереводимость, интрадуцируемость
a word or phrase that belongs to the same semantic field as another word or phrase and shares the same hypernym, representing a distinct subcategory or specific instance within that field
ко-гипоним, ко-гипероним
a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms
гипероним, обобщающее слово
a semantic role that refers to the entity or object that is used to carry out or perform an action denoted by the verb in a sentence
инструмент
the additional connotations or associations that a word or expression may evoke beyond its literal or primary meaning
ассоциативное значение, ассоциативный смысл
the basic and direct meaning of a word or phrase, representing the ideas it conveys
концептуальное значение, концептуальный смысл
the minimal, irreducible unit of meaning within a word
семантический корень, семантическая единица
the condition in which a word or expression has only one primary or dominant meaning, without significant ambiguity or variation in interpretation
мономия, однозначность
a unit or entity that carries meaning and represents a concept, idea, or object, often through a system of arbitrary associations between the signifier and the signified
знак, символ
the physical or perceptible form of a sign, such as a word, sound, image, or gesture, that represents or signifies a particular meaning or concept
знаковый, символ
the concept, meaning, or idea that a sign represents or signifies
означаемое, значение
the entity that undergoes or experiences an action or change as a result of an event
пациент, жертва
a semantic role assigned to the entity that undergoes an emotional or perceptual experience, such as feeling, sensing, or perceiving something
переживатель, экспериенсер
a role assigned to the entity that represents the target or endpoint of an action or movement
цель, задача
a role assigned to the entity that represents the starting point or origin of an action or movement
источник, происхождение
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that indicates the place or position where an action or state occurs
местоположение, локация
(semantics) the person who benefits from an action in a sentence
бенефициар
a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that represents the entity to whom something is given or transferred
получатель, реципиент
