Lingvistică - Semantică

the relationship between words or expressions that have similar or identical meanings, or nearly identical meanings, in a particular context or language

sinonimie

the relationship between words or expressions that have opposite or contrasting meanings

antonimie

a hierarchical relationship between words, where one word (the hyponym) represents a more specific or subordinate category within the meaning of another word (the hypernym)

hiponimie

an exemplary representation of a category that embodies its essential features and serves as a reference for evaluating other members of the category

prototip

a linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form (spelling or pronunciation) but have different meanings, contributing to lexical ambiguity and requiring context for proper interpretation

omonimie

a linguistic phenomenon where different words have the same or similar pronunciation but may have different spellings and meanings, resulting in potential confusion and ambiguity in oral communication

omofonie

the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses

polisemie

a type of figurative language that involves the unconventional or strained use of words, often resulting in an unexpected or exaggerated expression

catahreză

the extent or range of meaning that a word, phrase, or grammatical construction has within a sentence or discourse

domeniu

the way in which language expresses the speaker's or writer's attitude, opinion, or degree of certainty regarding a statement or proposition

modalitatea

a graphical representation or structure that depicts relationships between concepts or entities in a language or knowledge domain

reţea semantică

the specific meaning or interpretation of a word in a given context or language

sens al cuvântului

the study of how one word's meaning represents a specific way or type of another word's meaning within a particular category or field of language

troponimie

a grammatical concept that represents the relationship between a noun phrase and the action or state described by a verb, indicating the role or function of the noun phrase in the event or situation

rol tematic

a psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase leads to a temporary loss of its meaning or sense of familiarity

satietate semantica

a sequence of words or terms in a text that are semantically related or connected by their meaning

lanț lexical

a group or set of words that are related in meaning and share a common semantic theme or category

câmp semantic

the connections or associations between words or concepts based on their meaning

relație semantică

a cognitive mechanism in which abstract or complex ideas are understood and expressed in terms of more concrete or familiar concepts

metaforă conceptuală

a cognitive process in which one concept is understood or represented in terms of another concept based on a conceptual or cognitive association between them, often involving contiguity or a part-whole relationship

metonimie conceptuală

a grammatical role or semantic role that refers to the entity that performs or initiates an action or event in a sentence or a clause

agent

a process where the meaning of a word or concept expands or becomes more inclusive, encompassing a wider range of referents or interpretations than its original or core meaning

lărgirea

a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense

titlu

the specific sense or interpretation attributed to a word in a particular context

sensul unui cuvânt

a situation where a language lacks a specific word or lexical item to express a particular concept or meaning

gol accidental

a word that carries semantic meaning and contributes to the overall content and understanding of a sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

cuvânt de conținut

a principle or idea that is abstract

concept

a linguistic concept that describes the relationship between a word that represents a whole object and a word that represents a part or subset of that object

meronimie

a structured system of signs, symbols, or codes that are used to communicate meaning within a particular context or domain

sistem de semne

a type of definition that uses the term being defined as part of the definition itself, resulting in an uninformative or logically flawed explanation

definiție circulară

the act or process of explaining the meaning of a word, concept, or term

definiţie

a term used in semantics and linguistics to refer to a word that represents a whole or complete entity, while its parts are referred to as meronyms.

holonim

(grammar) one of two or more words that are spelled the same but differ in meaning

omograf

a word or phrase that describes or provides information about something

descriptor

the objective and dictionary-based meaning of a word, representing its core and universally accepted definition

notare

a feeling or an idea suggested by a word aside from its literal or primary meaning

conotaţie

the condition when a word, phrase, or concept from one language lacks an equivalent or precise translation in another language due to cultural, linguistic, or contextual differences

intraductibilitate

a word or phrase that belongs to the same semantic field as another word or phrase and shares the same hypernym, representing a distinct subcategory or specific instance within that field

co-hiponim

a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms

cuvânt cu sens sau utilizare mai larg

a semantic role that refers to the entity or object that is used to carry out or perform an action denoted by the verb in a sentence

instrument

the main focus or subject of a sentence or an action

temă

the additional connotations or associations that a word or expression may evoke beyond its literal or primary meaning

sens asociativ

the abstract understanding and mental representation associated with a word or expression

sens conceptual

the minimal, irreducible unit of meaning within a word

rădăcină semantică

the condition in which a word or expression has only one primary or dominant meaning, without significant ambiguity or variation in interpretation. It contrasts with polysemy, where a word has multiple related meanings

monosemie

a unit or entity that carries meaning and represents a concept, idea, or object, often through a system of arbitrary associations between the signifier and the signified

semn

the physical or perceptible form of a sign, such as a word, sound, image, or gesture, that represents or signifies a particular meaning or concept

semnificant

the concept, meaning, or idea that a sign represents or signifies

semnificat

the entity that undergoes or experiences an action or change as a result of an event

pacient

a semantic role assigned to the entity that undergoes an emotional or perceptual experience, such as feeling, sensing, or perceiving something

experimentator

a role assigned to the entity that represents the target or endpoint of an action or movement

poartă

a role assigned to the entity that represents the starting point or origin of an action or movement

sursă

a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that indicates the place or position where an action or state occurs

locaţie

(semantics) the person who benefits from an action in a sentence

beneficiar

a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that represents the entity to whom something is given or transferred

destinatar