pattern

Dilbilim - Anlambilim

Burada, "eşanlamlılık", "sıfat" ve "gösterge" gibi semantikle ilgili bazı İngilizce kelimeler öğreneceksiniz.

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Words Related to Linguistics
synonymy
synonymy
[isim]

the relationship between words or expressions that have similar or identical meanings, or nearly identical meanings, in a particular context or language

eşanlamlılık

eşanlamlılık

antonymy
antonymy
[isim]

the relationship between words or expressions that have opposite or contrasting meanings

karşıt anlamlılık

karşıt anlamlılık

hyponymy
hyponymy
[isim]

a hierarchical relationship between words, where one word, the hyponym, represents a more specific or subordinate category within the meaning of another word, the hypernym

altanlamlılık

altanlamlılık

prototype
prototype
[isim]

something or someone that is the most common example of a particular group, class, etc.

prototip, model

prototip, model

Ex: His style of leadership became the prototype for the company’s future managers. 
homonymy
homonymy
[isim]

a linguistic phenomenon where words share the same form but have different meanings, contributing to lexical ambiguity and requiring context for proper interpretation

eşadlılık

eşadlılık

homophony
homophony
[isim]

a linguistic phenomenon where different words have the same or similar pronunciation but may have different spellings and meanings, resulting in potential confusion and ambiguity in oral communication

eşseslilik

eşseslilik

polysemy
polysemy
[isim]

the phenomenon in language where a single word has multiple related meanings or senses

çok anlamlılık

çok anlamlılık

Ex: The polysemy of the word "bank" includes meanings related to financial institutions, river edges, and inclines. 
catachresis

a type of figurative language that involves the unconventional or strained use of words, often resulting in an unexpected or exaggerated expression

kaydırmaca

kaydırmaca

scope
scope
[isim]

the range of meaning or influence that a word, phrase, or grammatical element covers in a sentence or discourse

kapsam

kapsam

Ex: The negative particle has scope over the whole clause. 
modality
modality
[isim]

the way in which language expresses the speaker's or writer's attitude, opinion, or degree of certainty regarding a statement or proposition

kiplik

kiplik

semantic network

a graphical representation or structure that depicts relationships between concepts or entities in a language or knowledge domain

anlambilimsel ağ

anlambilimsel ağ

word sense

the specific meaning or interpretation of a word in a given context or language

kelime anlamı

kelime anlamı

troponymy
troponymy
[isim]

the study of how one word's meaning represents a specific way or type of another word's meaning within a particular category or field of language

tropinomi

tropinomi

thematic role

a grammatical concept that represents the relationship between a noun phrase and the action or state described by a verb, indicating the role or function of the noun phrase in the event or situation

tematik rol

tematik rol

semantic satiation

a psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase leads to a temporary loss of its meaning or sense of familiarity

semantik doygunluk

semantik doygunluk

lexical chain

a sequence of words or terms in a text that are semantically related or connected by their meaning

lehimsel zincir

lehimsel zincir

semantic field

a group or set of words that are related in meaning and share a common semantic theme or category

anlamsal alan

anlamsal alan

semantic relation

the connections or associations between words or concepts based on their meaning

anlamsal ilişki

anlamsal ilişki

conceptual metaphor

a cognitive mechanism in which abstract or complex ideas are understood and expressed in terms of more concrete or familiar concepts

kavramsal metafor

kavramsal metafor

conceptual metonymy

a cognitive process in which one concept is understood or represented in terms of another concept based on a conceptual or cognitive association between them, often involving contiguity or a part-whole relationship

kavramsal metonimi

kavramsal metonimi

agent
agent
[isim]

a grammatical role or semantic role that refers to the entity that performs or initiates an action or event in a sentence or a clause

etken

etken

broadening

a process where the meaning of a word or concept expands or becomes more inclusive, encompassing a wider range of referents or interpretations than its original or core meaning

genişletme

genişletme

epithet
epithet
[isim]

a word or phrase applied to something to convey its character or essence in a descriptive sense

lakap

lakap

Ex: Ancient texts often referred to soldiers with epitaphs like "brave warrior" or "mighty archer." 
word meaning

the specific sense or interpretation attributed to a word in a particular context

kelime anlamı

kelime anlamı

accidental gap

a situation where a language lacks a specific word or lexical item to express a particular concept or meaning

atlanmış aralık

atlanmış aralık

content word

a word that carries semantic meaning and contributes to the overall content and understanding of a sentence, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

içerikli sözcük

içerikli sözcük

concept
concept
[isim]

a principle or idea that is abstract

kavram

kavram

meronymy
meronymy
[isim]

a linguistic concept that describes the relationship between a word that represents a whole object and a word that represents a part or subset of that object

parça ile bütün arasındaki semantik ilişki

parça ile bütün arasındaki semantik ilişki

sign system

a structured system of signs, symbols, or codes that are used to communicate meaning within a particular context or domain

işaret sistemi

işaret sistemi

circular definition

a type of definition that uses the term being defined as part of the definition itself, resulting in an uninformative or logically flawed explanation

döngüsel tanım

döngüsel tanım

definition

the act or process of explaining the meaning of a word, concept, or term

tanımlama

tanımlama

Ex: The dictionary provided a clear definition of the term. 
holonym
holonym
[isim]

a term used in semantics and linguistics to refer to a word that represents a whole or complete entity, while its parts are referred to as meronyms

belirli bir kelimenin parçası olduğu bütünü adlandıran kelime

belirli bir kelimenin parçası olduğu bütünü adlandıran kelime

homograph
homograph
[isim]

(grammar) one of two or more words that are spelled the same but differ in meaning

eşyazımlı sözcük

eşyazımlı sözcük

Ex: The word lead is a homograph, as it can mean both a type of metal and to guide. 
descriptor

a word or phrase that describes or provides information about something

tanımlayıcı

tanımlayıcı

denotation

the objective and dictionary-based meaning of a word, representing its core and universally accepted definition

denotasyon

denotasyon

connotation

an idea, feeling, or meaning that is implied, suggested, or associated with a word or expression beyond its literal definition

konotasyon

konotasyon

Ex: "Home" has connotations of warmth and security. 
untranslatability

the condition when a word, phrase, or concept from one language lacks an equivalent or precise translation in another language due to cultural, linguistic, or contextual differences

çevrilemezlik

çevrilemezlik

co-hyponym

a word or phrase that belongs to the same semantic field as another word or phrase and shares the same hypernym, representing a distinct subcategory or specific instance within that field

eşaltanlamlık

eşaltanlamlık

hypernym
hypernym
[isim]

a word that is more general and encompasses a broader category of related terms

kapsayıcı terim

kapsayıcı terim

Ex: A hypernym is a word that represents a category or a more general term that encompasses more specific words within that category. 
instrument

the entity, typically inanimate, used by an agent to carry out an action or initiate a process

eylemi gerçekleştirme aracı

eylemi gerçekleştirme aracı

Ex: The hammer served as the instrument for driving nails. 
theme
theme
[isim]

the main focus or subject of a sentence or an action

ana konu

ana konu

associative meaning

the additional connotations or associations that a word or expression may evoke beyond its literal or primary meaning

çağrışımsal anlam

çağrışımsal anlam

conceptual meaning

the basic and direct meaning of a word or phrase, representing the ideas it conveys

kavramsal anlam

kavramsal anlam

semantic root

the minimal, irreducible unit of meaning within a word

anlamsal kök

anlamsal kök

monosemy
monosemy
[isim]

the condition in which a word or expression has only one primary or dominant meaning, without significant ambiguity or variation in interpretation

tek anlamlılık

tek anlamlılık

sign
sign
[isim]

a fundamental unit of language linking a signifier to what it signifies

gösterge

gösterge

Ex: Words are the primary signs in spoken language. 
signifier
signifier
[isim]

the physical or perceptible form of a sign, such as a word, sound, image, or gesture, that represents or signifies a particular meaning or concept

gösteren

gösteren

signified
signified
[isim]

the concept, meaning, or idea that a sign represents or signifies

işaretle gösterilen kavram

işaretle gösterilen kavram

patient
patient
[isim]

the entity that undergoes or experiences an action or change as a result of an event

erek

erek

experiencer

a semantic role assigned to the entity that undergoes an emotional or perceptual experience, such as feeling, sensing, or perceiving something

deneyimleyen, deneyim öznesi

deneyimleyen, deneyim öznesi

goal
goal
[isim]

a role assigned to the entity that represents the target or endpoint of an action or movement

erek

erek

source
source
[isim]

the entity in a sentence or construction that represents the origin, starting point, or point of departure of an action, movement, or transfer

köken

köken

Ex: In the sentence "She sent a letter to her friend," she is the source of the action. 
location
location
[isim]

a thematic role associated with a noun phrase that indicates the place or position where an action or state occurs

yer

yer

beneficiary

(semantics) the person who benefits from an action in a sentence

yararlanan

yararlanan

Ex: In "Can you make me a sandwich?", "me" is the beneficiary who will receive the sandwich. 
recipient
recipient
[isim]

(in linguistics) the thematic role representing the entity to whom something is given or transferred in a sentence

alıcı rolü (dilbilim)

alıcı rolü (dilbilim)

Ex: In "She gave him a book," "him" is the recipient. 
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