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انسانیات SAT - طاقت اور حکمرانی۔

یہاں آپ طاقت اور حکمرانی سے متعلق کچھ انگریزی الفاظ سیکھیں گے، جیسے کہ "اتحاد"، "مؤفقیت"، "تبدیل"، وغیرہ جن کی آپ کو اپنی SATs کو حاصل کرنے کی ضرورت ہوگی۔

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
allegiance
[اسم]

a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

وفاداری, عہد

وفاداری, عہد

Ex: The secret society demanded allegiance from its members .
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coalition
[اسم]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

اتحاد, کولیشن

اتحاد, کولیشن

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
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lobby
[اسم]

an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

لابی, لوبی

لابی, لوبی

Ex: The gun lobby mobilized its members to oppose proposed gun control legislation through grassroots campaigns and lobbying efforts .
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ally
[اسم]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

اتحاد, ساتھ

اتحاد, ساتھ

Ex: Even in peacetime, the two countries remained close allies, working together on economic and environmental issues.
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monarch
[اسم]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

بادشاہ, ریاست کا حاکم

بادشاہ, ریاست کا حاکم

Ex: He collected coins and stamps featuring images of various monarchs.
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accession
[اسم]

the action of assuming an important position or title

تکمیل, تاجپوشی

تکمیل, تاجپوشی

Ex: After years of training and dedication , accession to the rank of general was a proud moment for his family .
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successor
[اسم]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

جانشین, سلسلہ وار

جانشین, سلسلہ وار

Ex: The company was eager to find a worthy successor to continue the founder's legacy and lead it into the future.
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dynasty
[اسم]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

خاندانی حکمرانی, سلطنت

خاندانی حکمرانی, سلطنت

Ex: Historians study the rise and fall of dynasties to understand political changes over time .
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despotism
[اسم]

a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

آمرانہ حکومت, استبداد

آمرانہ حکومت, استبداد

Ex: The transition despotism to democracy required a prolonged struggle for civil rights and political freedoms .
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dictator
[اسم]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

ڈکٹیٹر, تھرتھراتی حکومت کا حکمران

ڈکٹیٹر, تھرتھراتی حکومت کا حکمران

Ex: After years of suffering under dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .
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suffrage
[اسم]

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

انتخابی حق, ووٹ دینے کا حق

انتخابی حق, ووٹ دینے کا حق

Ex: Universal suffrage ensures that all adult citizens have the right to vote.
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reform
[اسم]

organized efforts aimed at improving or changing existing laws, policies, or practices to address perceived injustices or inefficiencies

اصلاحات, تبدیلی

اصلاحات, تبدیلی

Ex: The reform campaign sought to strengthen workers ' rights and improve workplace conditions nationwide .
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guerrilla
[اسم]

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

گوریلا, بغاوتی

گوریلا, بغاوتی

Ex: The documentary explored the motivations and challenges faced by guerrilla fighters in conflict zones .
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rebellion
[اسم]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

بغاوت, قومیت

بغاوت, قومیت

Ex: The king tried to negotiate with the leaders of rebellion.
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mutiny
[اسم]

a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

بغاوت, فساد

بغاوت, فساد

Ex: The idea of mutiny started when the troops did n't get their proper pay and benefits .
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revolt
[اسم]

a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

بغاوت, سرکشی

بغاوت, سرکشی

Ex: revolt spread quickly across the region , gaining support .
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sedition
[اسم]

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

عصيان, تخریب کاری

عصيان, تخریب کاری

Ex: Distributing flyers promoting armed rebellion resulted sedition against the activist group .
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uprising
[اسم]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

بغاوت, اٹھ کھڑا ہونا

بغاوت, اٹھ کھڑا ہونا

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servitude
[اسم]

a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

غلامی, بندش

غلامی, بندش

Ex: Human trafficking victims often suffer from prolonged periods servitude, subjected to physical and psychological abuse .
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liberty
[اسم]

the ability to make decisions or act freely according to one's own will, without being restricted by external constraints

آزادی, خود مختاری

آزادی, خود مختاری

Ex: Everyone should have liberty to follow their own beliefs .
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liberation
[اسم]

the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

آزادی, تحرکِ آزادی

آزادی, تحرکِ آزادی

Ex: The Civil Rights Movement in the United States was a pivotal period in the struggle for liberation and equality .
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independence
[اسم]

the state of being free from the control of others

آزادی, خودمختاری

آزادی, خودمختاری

Ex: Many people strive independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
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regime
[اسم]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

حکومت, نظامِ حکمرانی

حکومت, نظامِ حکمرانی

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.
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tyrannical
[صفت]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

استبدادی, طاغی

استبدادی, طاغی

Ex: Throughout history , societies have risen tyrannical regimes in the pursuit of freedom and equality .
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mandatory
[صفت]

ordered or required by a rule or law

لازمی, مجبوری

لازمی, مجبوری

Ex: Attending the annual general meeting mandatory for all shareholders .
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seditious
[صفت]

(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

بغاوتی, شورش زدہ

بغاوتی, شورش زدہ

Ex: Seditious acts are closely monitored by law enforcement agencies to safeguard national security and public order .
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majoritarian
[صفت]

making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

اکثریتی, اکثریت پسند

اکثریتی, اکثریت پسند

Ex: Majoritarian tendencies in policymaking can lead to the neglect of marginalized communities.
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imperial
[صفت]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

سلطنتی, امپیریل

سلطنتی, امپیریل

Ex: The decline of imperial system marked the end of an era in history .
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naval
[صفت]

relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

بحری, نیوی

بحری, نیوی

Ex: Naval architects design ships for various purposes , from cargo transport to military operations .
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to voluntarily give up or surrender control, possession, or responsibility over something

ہاتھ چھوڑنا, چھوڑ دینا

ہاتھ چھوڑنا, چھوڑ دینا

Ex: The company relinquish its hold on the market .
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to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

ذاتی ملکیت پر سرکاری کنٹرول حاصل کرنا, عسکری یا حکومتی مقاصد کے لئے کسی چیز کی قانونی ملکیت لینا

ذاتی ملکیت پر سرکاری کنٹرول حاصل کرنا, عسکری یا حکومتی مقاصد کے لئے کسی چیز کی قانونی ملکیت لینا

Ex: In times of war , authorities have the power commandeer resources necessary for defense efforts .
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to abdicate
[فعل]

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

عہدہ چھوڑنا, تاج چھوڑ دینا

عہدہ چھوڑنا, تاج چھوڑ دینا

Ex: The ruler abdicating the throne due to health concerns .
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to enforce
[فعل]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

نافذ کرنا, عملدرآمد کروانا

نافذ کرنا, عملدرآمد کروانا

Ex: Security enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .
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to command
[فعل]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

حکم دینا, فرمان دینا

حکم دینا, فرمان دینا

Ex: The commands the team to focus on their defensive strategy .
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to boycott
[فعل]

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

بائیکاٹ کرنا, کشور کشی کرنا

بائیکاٹ کرنا, کشور کشی کرنا

Ex: The boycotted the exam because of unfair grading policies .
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to dominate
[فعل]

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

غالب ہونا, قابو پانا

غالب ہونا, قابو پانا

Ex: The dominates the tech industry , controlling most of the market share .
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to usurp
[فعل]

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

غصب کرنا, اختیار چھیننا

غصب کرنا, اختیار چھیننا

Ex: The prince was accused of trying usurp his elder brother 's position .
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to entitle
[فعل]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

حق دینا, اجازت دینا

حق دینا, اجازت دینا

Ex: Owning property in the neighborhood entitles residents to certain community privileges .
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to colonize
[فعل]

to settle and build communities in new, often unexplored, areas

نوآبادی قائم کرنا, آبادی بنانا

نوآبادی قائم کرنا, آبادی بنانا

Ex: While facing challenges , pioneers colonizing the unexplored territories .
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to ratify
[فعل]

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

منظور کرنا, تصدیق کرنا

منظور کرنا, تصدیق کرنا

Ex: The board of directors met ratify the merger agreement between the two companies , officially sealing the deal .
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to sanction
[فعل]

to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

سزا دینا, عائد کرنا

سزا دینا, عائد کرنا

Ex: The sanctioned the company for tax evasion , imposing penalties and seizing assets to recover the owed taxes .
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to overrule
[فعل]

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

خلاف فیصلہ کرنا, محکوم قرار دینا

خلاف فیصلہ کرنا, محکوم قرار دینا

Ex: In constitutional law , a higher court overrule legislation if it is deemed unconstitutional .
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to annex
[فعل]

to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

ضم کرنا, ملانا

ضم کرنا, ملانا

Ex: The ruler 's ambition was annex neighboring kingdoms to consolidate his power .
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downtrodden
[صفت]

oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

بے بس, مجبور

بے بس, مجبور

Ex: The novel tells the story of downtrodden protagonist who rises against adversity .
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