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Humanistyka SAT - Władza i Rządy

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z władzą i rządzeniem, takich jak "koalicja", "prawo wyborcze", "abdykować" itp., które będą Ci potrzebne do zdania egzaminów SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
allegiance
allegiance
[Rzeczownik]

a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

lojalność, wierność

lojalność, wierność

Ex: His allegiance to the football team was unwavering, attending every match regardless of the weather. 
coalition
coalition
[Rzeczownik]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalicja, sojusz

koalicja, sojusz

Ex: The coalition government was formed by two major political parties to ensure stability and consensus on key policy issues. 
lobby
lobby
[Rzeczownik]

an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

grupa lobbingowa, grupa nacisku

grupa lobbingowa, grupa nacisku

Ex: The environmental lobby group lobbied lawmakers to pass stricter regulations on carbon emissions. 
ally
ally
[Rzeczownik]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

sojusznik, partner

sojusznik, partner

Ex: During the war, each nation relied heavily on its allies for resources and support. 
monarch
monarch
[Rzeczownik]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarcha, władca

monarcha, władca

Ex: The monarch’s coronation was a grand ceremony attended by dignitaries from around the world. 
accession
accession
[Rzeczownik]

the action of assuming an important position or title

wstąpienie na tron, objęcie tronu

wstąpienie na tron, objęcie tronu

Ex: His accession to the throne was marked by elaborate ceremonies and celebrations. 
successor
successor
[Rzeczownik]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

następca, spadkobierca

następca, spadkobierca

Ex: The CEO announced her retirement and named her longtime deputy as her successor. 
dynasty
dynasty
[Rzeczownik]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dynastia

dynastia

Ex: The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 to 1644. 
despotism
despotism
[Rzeczownik]

a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

despotyzm, tyrania

despotyzm, tyrania

Ex: The country's descent into despotism led to widespread censorship and political repression. 
dictator
dictator
[Rzeczownik]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

dyktator, tyran

dyktator, tyran

Ex: The dictator imposed strict censorship laws to suppress any opposition to his regime. 
suffrage
suffrage
[Rzeczownik]

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

prawo wyborcze, prawo głosu

prawo wyborcze, prawo głosu

Ex: Some countries still restrict suffrage based on gender, age, or socio-economic status. 
reform
reform
[Rzeczownik]

a campaign or organized effort to correct wrongdoing, abuses, or malpractices

reforma, kampania reform

reforma, kampania reform

Ex: The activists launched a reform to improve labor rights. 
guerrilla
guerrilla
[Rzeczownik]

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

partyzant, bojownik nieregularny

partyzant, bojownik nieregularny

Ex: The guerrilla fighters used their knowledge of the terrain to launch surprise attacks on enemy outposts. 
rebellion
rebellion
[Rzeczownik]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

bunt, powstanie

bunt, powstanie

Ex: The rebellion was sparked by harsh government policies. 
mutiny
mutiny
[Rzeczownik]

a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

bunt, rewolta

bunt, rewolta

Ex: After months at sea with no sight of land, there were signs of a mutiny among the sailors. 
revolt
revolt
[Rzeczownik]

a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

bunt, powstanie

bunt, powstanie

Ex: The revolt against the oppressive regime lasted for months. 
sedition
sedition
[Rzeczownik]

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

bunt, rewolta

bunt, rewolta

Ex: The revolutionary pamphlet was charged with sedition, as it called for citizens to overthrow the government. 
uprising
uprising
[Rzeczownik]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

powstanie, bunt

powstanie, bunt

Ex: The peasant uprising was brutally crushed by the king's army. 
servitude
servitude
[Rzeczownik]

a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

niewola, poddaństwo

niewola, poddaństwo

Ex: Many immigrants in the early 20th century faced servitude in sweatshops, enduring grueling hours for minimal pay. 
liberty
liberty
[Rzeczownik]

the ability to make decisions or act freely according to one's own will, without being restricted by external constraints

wolność, wolna wola

wolność, wolna wola

Ex: She took the liberty to choose her own path in life. 
liberation
liberation
[Rzeczownik]

the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

wyzwolenie, emancypacja

wyzwolenie, emancypacja

Ex: The women's liberation movement fought for equal rights and opportunities in education, employment, and politics. 
independence
independence
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being free from the control of others

niepodległość, autonomia

niepodległość, autonomia

Ex: The country gained its independence after years of colonial rule. 
regime
regime
[Rzeczownik]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

reżim, autorytarne rządy

reżim, autorytarne rządy

Ex: The previous regime was known for its human rights violations. 
tyrannical
tyrannical
[przymiotnik]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

tyrański, despotyczny

tyrański, despotyczny

Ex: Under the tyrannical ruler's iron grip, innocent individuals were subjected to arbitrary arrests, torture, and prolonged detention. 
mandatory
mandatory
[przymiotnik]

ordered or required by a rule or law

obowiązkowy, wymagany

obowiązkowy, wymagany

Ex: Wearing a face mask in public places is mandatory to prevent the spread of the virus. 
seditious
seditious
[przymiotnik]

(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

buntowniczy, wywrotowy

buntowniczy, wywrotowy

Ex: The author's seditious writings were banned by the government for advocating for the overthrow of the monarchy. 
majoritarian
majoritarian
[przymiotnik]

making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

większościowy, oparty na większości

większościowy, oparty na większości

Ex: The majoritarian voting system favored by some countries often results in winner-takes-all outcomes. 
imperial
imperial
[przymiotnik]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

cesarski, imperialny

cesarski, imperialny

Ex: The imperial dynasty ruled over vast territories and diverse peoples. 
naval
naval
[przymiotnik]

relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

morski, marynarki wojennej

morski, marynarki wojennej

Ex: The naval academy trains officers for service in the navy. 
to relinquish
to relinquish
[Czasownik]

to give up, surrender, or part with a possession, right, or claim

zrzec się, ustąpić

zrzec się, ustąpić

Ex: For the sake of the team, she chose to relinquish her leadership role. 
to commandeer
to commandeer
[Czasownik]

to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

rekwirować, konfiskować

rekwirować, konfiskować

Ex: During the emergency, the military commandeer civilian vehicles to transport supplies to the affected areas. 
to abdicate
to abdicate
[Czasownik]

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdykować, zrzec się tronu

abdykować, zrzec się tronu

Ex: The king chose to abdicate the throne in favor of his successor. 
to enforce
to enforce
[Czasownik]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

egzekwować, zapewniać przestrzeganie

egzekwować, zapewniać przestrzeganie

Ex: The police are tasked with enforcing the laws to maintain public order. 
to command
to command
[Czasownik]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

rozkazywać, dowodzić

rozkazywać, dowodzić

Ex: The general commanded the soldiers to hold their positions until further notice. 
to boycott
to boycott
[Czasownik]

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

bojkotować, uczestniczyć w bojkocie

bojkotować, uczestniczyć w bojkocie

Ex: Many customers boycotted the store after its poor customer service. 
to dominate
to dominate
[Czasownik]

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

dominować, panować

dominować, panować

Ex: In the competitive business world, companies strive to dominate their market. 
to usurp
to usurp
[Czasownik]

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

uzurpować, nieprawnie przejmować

uzurpować, nieprawnie przejmować

Ex: In many tales, evil stepmothers attempt to usurp the rightful place of the princess. 
to entitle
to entitle
[Czasownik]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

uprawniać, upoważniać

uprawniać, upoważniać

Ex: The successful completion of the training program will entitle employees to receive a certification. 
to colonize
to colonize
[Czasownik]

to establish control over an area or people, often by settling and exploiting it

Ex: European powers colonized large parts of Africa in the 19th century. 
to ratify
to ratify
[Czasownik]

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

ratyfikować, oficjalnie zatwierdzać

ratyfikować, oficjalnie zatwierdzać

Ex: The members of the parliament convened to ratify the newly proposed constitution for the country. 
to sanction
to sanction
[Czasownik]

to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

sankcjonować, karać

sankcjonować, karać

Ex: The court sanctioned the corporation for environmental violations. 
to overrule
to overrule
[Czasownik]

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

unieważnić, odrzucić

unieważnić, odrzucić

Ex: The appellate court decided to overrule the lower court's decision and grant a new trial. 
to annex
to annex
[Czasownik]

to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

aneksować, wcielać

aneksować, wcielać

Ex: The emperor sought to annex neighboring provinces to expand his empire's territory. 
downtrodden
downtrodden
[przymiotnik]

oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

uciśniony, gnębiony

uciśniony, gnębiony

Ex: The downtrodden workers protested against unjust working conditions. 
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