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Humanidades SAT - Poder y gobierno

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con el poder y el gobierno, como "coalición", "sufragio", "abdicar", etc., que necesitará para aprobar sus exámenes SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
allegiance
[Sustantivo]

a committed loyalty or dedication to a particular cause, group, or belief

lealtad

lealtad

Ex: The secret society demanded allegiance from its members .
coalition
[Sustantivo]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coalición

coalición

Ex: The trade union formed coalition with student organizations to advocate for better working conditions and affordable education .
lobby
[Sustantivo]

an organized group of individuals or organizations that actively seek to influence public officials and policymakers on specific issues or laws

lobby, grupos de presión

lobby, grupos de presión

Ex: The gun lobby mobilized its members to oppose proposed gun control legislation through grassroots campaigns and lobbying efforts .
ally
[Sustantivo]

a country that aids another country, particularly if a war breaks out

aliado

aliado

Ex: Even in peacetime, the two countries remained close allies, working together on economic and environmental issues.
monarch
[Sustantivo]

a person who has the power to rule over a kingdom or empire, especially someone who inherits this power

monarca

monarca

Ex: He collected coins and stamps featuring images of various monarchs.
accession
[Sustantivo]

the action of assuming an important position or title

accesión, asunción

accesión, asunción

Ex: After years of training and dedication , accession to the rank of general was a proud moment for his family .
successor
[Sustantivo]

a person or thing that is next in line to someone or something else

sucesor

sucesor

Ex: The company was eager to find a worthy successor to continue the founder's legacy and lead it into the future.
dynasty
[Sustantivo]

a lineage of kings who rule a country or nation over a long period of time

dinastía

dinastía

Ex: Historians study the rise and fall of dynasties to understand political changes over time .
despotism
[Sustantivo]

a form of government where a single ruler or authority exercises absolute power without checks or limitations

despotismo

despotismo

Ex: The transition despotism to democracy required a prolonged struggle for civil rights and political freedoms .
dictator
[Sustantivo]

a ruler that has total power over a state, particularly a ruler who gained power through force

dictador, déspota

dictador, déspota

Ex: After years of suffering under dictator, the people rose up in a revolution to demand democracy .
suffrage
[Sustantivo]

the right or privilege of casting a vote in public elections

sufragio

sufragio

Ex: Universal suffrage ensures that all adult citizens have the right to vote.
reform
[Sustantivo]

organized efforts aimed at improving or changing existing laws, policies, or practices to address perceived injustices or inefficiencies

reforma, modificación

reforma, modificación

Ex: The reform campaign sought to strengthen workers ' rights and improve workplace conditions nationwide .
guerrilla
[Sustantivo]

a person who participates in irregular fighting as a member of an unofficial military group

guerrillero

guerrillero

Ex: The documentary explored the motivations and challenges faced by guerrilla fighters in conflict zones .
rebellion
[Sustantivo]

an organized action, usually violent, against an authority, attempting to bring about a change

rebelión

rebelión

Ex: The king tried to negotiate with the leaders of rebellion.
mutiny
[Sustantivo]

a bold uprising by a group, often soldiers or sailors, against their leaders

motín

motín

Ex: The idea of mutiny started when the troops did n't get their proper pay and benefits .
revolt
[Sustantivo]

a rebellion or uprising, often involving violence, by a group of people against an authority or ruling power

revuelta, rebelión

revuelta, rebelión

Ex: revolt spread quickly across the region , gaining support .
sedition
[Sustantivo]

the act of rebellion or resistance against established authority, typically through speech or conduct

sedición

sedición

Ex: Distributing flyers promoting armed rebellion resulted sedition against the activist group .
uprising
[Sustantivo]

a situation in which people join together to fight against those in power

levantamiento

levantamiento

servitude
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which individuals are forced to work or provide services against their will, without the ability to freely leave or negotiate their conditions

esclavitud

esclavitud

Ex: Human trafficking victims often suffer from prolonged periods servitude, subjected to physical and psychological abuse .
liberty
[Sustantivo]

the ability to make decisions or act freely according to one's own will, without being restricted by external constraints

libertad, autonomía

libertad, autonomía

Ex: Everyone should have liberty to follow their own beliefs .
liberation
[Sustantivo]

the pursuit or achievement of equal rights, freedoms, or social status for individuals or groups previously oppressed or restricted

liberación, emancipación

liberación, emancipación

Ex: The Civil Rights Movement in the United States was a pivotal period in the struggle for liberation and equality .
independence
[Sustantivo]

the state of being free from the control of others

independencia

independencia

Ex: Many people strive independence in their careers , seeking self-sufficiency .
regime
[Sustantivo]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

régimen

régimen

Ex: The authoritarian regime imposed strict censorship on the media.
tyrannical
[Adjetivo]

using power or authority in a cruel and oppressive way against other people

tiránico

tiránico

Ex: Throughout history , societies have risen tyrannical regimes in the pursuit of freedom and equality .
mandatory
[Adjetivo]

ordered or required by a rule or law

obligatorio

obligatorio

Ex: Attending the annual general meeting mandatory for all shareholders .
seditious
[Adjetivo]

(of actions, speech, writings, etc.) encouraging rebellion against established authority or government

sedicioso, seditioso

sedicioso, seditioso

Ex: Seditious acts are closely monitored by law enforcement agencies to safeguard national security and public order .
majoritarian
[Adjetivo]

making decisions based on the preferences of the majority, often without significant consideration for the rights or interests of minority groups

mayoritario, de mayoría

mayoritario, de mayoría

Ex: Majoritarian tendencies in policymaking can lead to the neglect of marginalized communities.
imperial
[Adjetivo]

related to the characteristics or actions of an empire or emperor

imperial

imperial

Ex: The decline of imperial system marked the end of an era in history .
naval
[Adjetivo]

relating to the armed forces that operate at seas or waters in general

naval, marítimo

naval, marítimo

Ex: Naval architects design ships for various purposes , from cargo transport to military operations .

to voluntarily give up or surrender control, possession, or responsibility over something

renunciar

renunciar

Ex: The company relinquish its hold on the market .

to officially take possession or control of something, typically for military or governmental purposes, often without the consent of the owner

requisar

requisar

Ex: In times of war , authorities have the power commandeer resources necessary for defense efforts .

(of a monarch or ruler) to step down from a position of power

abdicar

abdicar

Ex: The ruler abdicating the throne due to health concerns .
to enforce
[Verbo]

to ensure that a law or rule is followed

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

hacer cumplir, hacer valer

Ex: Security enforce the venue 's rules to ensure the safety and enjoyment of all attendees .
to command
[Verbo]

to give an official order to a person or an animal to perform a particular task

mandar

mandar

Ex: The commands the team to focus on their defensive strategy .
to boycott
[Verbo]

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

boicotear

boicotear

Ex: The boycotted the exam because of unfair grading policies .

to have the power to completely or partially control someone or something

dominar

dominar

Ex: The dominates the tech industry , controlling most of the market share .
to usurp
[Verbo]

to wrongly take someone else's position, power, or right

usurpar

usurpar

Ex: The prince was accused of trying usurp his elder brother 's position .
to entitle
[Verbo]

to give someone the legal right to have or do something particular

dar derecho a

dar derecho a

Ex: Owning property in the neighborhood entitles residents to certain community privileges .

to settle and build communities in new, often unexplored, areas

colonizar, establecerse

colonizar, establecerse

Ex: While facing challenges , pioneers colonizing the unexplored territories .
to ratify
[Verbo]

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

ratificar

ratificar

Ex: The board of directors met ratify the merger agreement between the two companies , officially sealing the deal .

to impose a penalty or punitive measure upon an individual, entity, or action

sancionar, penalizar

sancionar, penalizar

Ex: The sanctioned the company for tax evasion , imposing penalties and seizing assets to recover the owed taxes .

to use one's official or political authority to change or reject a previously made decision

anular, invalidar

anular, invalidar

Ex: In constitutional law , a higher court overrule legislation if it is deemed unconstitutional .
to annex
[Verbo]

to take control of or incorporate additional land into an existing country or state

anexar, incorporar

anexar, incorporar

Ex: The ruler 's ambition was annex neighboring kingdoms to consolidate his power .
downtrodden
[Adjetivo]

oppressed or treated unfairly, especially by those in power

oprimido, marginado

oprimido, marginado

Ex: The novel tells the story of downtrodden protagonist who rises against adversity .
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