a scientific idea that all particles are tiny vibrating strings, not point-like dots, and these vibrations create different particles and forces
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弦理论
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the bending, spreading, and interference of waves as they encounter obstacles or pass through narrow openings, often observed in the behavior of light, sound, or other waves
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光遇到障碍物时的反射
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a fundamental particle combining to form protons and neutrons, with fractional electric charge and six flavors
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夸克
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a fundamental particle with half-integer spin, including electrons and their heavier counterparts, as well as neutrinos
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轻子
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a tiny particle made up of even smaller parts called quarks, like protons and neutrons
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强子
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(physics) the maximum distance a vibrating material, sound wave, etc. such as a pendulum travels from its first position
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振幅(物理)
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tiny particles that make up matter and have a property called spin, like the building blocks of atoms
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费米子
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a tiny particle with whole-number spin, such as photons or the Higgs boson, often associated with carrying fundamental forces or giving mass to other particles
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玻色子
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the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of the circle or the axis of rotation, preventing the object from moving in a straight line
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向心力
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the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave, producing a shift in pitch or color
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多普勒效应
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the energy possessed by an object due to its motion, defined as one-half the mass of the object multiplied by the square of its velocity, expressed by the equation KE = 0.5 * m * v^2
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动能
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(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects
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暗物质
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(physics) matter consisting of elementary particles that are the antiparticles of those of regular matter
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反物质
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(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia
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质量(物理学)
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the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further
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量子
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the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going
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动量
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a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties
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光子
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the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether at rest or in uniform motion, and to remain in its current state unless acted upon by an external force
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惯性
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the action or process where a wave, such as light or sound, bounces back from a surface instead of passing through
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反射
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a theory stating that the exact position and momentum of a particle cannot be measured precisely at the same time
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测不准原理
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the process or action of splitting a nucleus into two or more parts resulting in the release of a significant amount of energy
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核裂变
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referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation
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电磁
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