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观点和论点 - 论证与说服

在这里,您将学习一些与论证和说服相关的英语单词,例如“pitch”、“keystone”和“invoke”。

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Words Related to Opinion and Argument

to draw a general conclusion based on specific cases that can be irrelevant to other situations

概括

概括

Ex: Based on a few negative experiences , he wrongly generalized that all the workshops were unproductive .基于一些负面经历,他错误地**概括**认为所有的研讨会都是没有成效的。
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given that
[连词]

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

鉴于, 由于

鉴于, 由于

Ex: Given that he had already apologized , they decided to move on from the incident .**鉴于**他已经道歉,他们决定不再追究这件事。
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‌the act of making petty distinctions or arguing about insignificant details and differences

吹毛求疵, 斤斤计较

吹毛求疵, 斤斤计较

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hearing
[名词]

an opportunity to express one's opinions or ideas

听证, 听取意见

听证, 听取意见

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high ground
[名词]

the most advantageous position in an argument or discussion that grants one moral or ethical superiority

有利位置, 高地

有利位置, 高地

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(of an argument, theory, etc.) to be believable or supported by evidence

Ex: The detective 's theory didhold water when all the facts were considered .
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in effect
[副词]

used to indicate that a rule or law is being operated

生效, 实际上

生效, 实际上

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used to explain the main reason or starting point of a situation

首先, 第一

首先, 第一

Ex: In the first place, this project was poorly planned , so failure was inevitable .**首先**,这个项目计划不周,所以失败是不可避免的。
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to prove that something is incorrect or flawed, making it not acceptable or reliable

使无效, 取消

使无效, 取消

Ex: She invalidates faulty arguments during debates .她在辩论中**驳斥**有缺陷的论点。
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invalidation
[名词]

the act of making or proving a belief, idea, argument, etc. wrong

无效化, 驳斥

无效化, 驳斥

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to invoke
[动词]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

援引, 呼吁

援引, 呼吁

Ex: In his defense , he invoked his right to remain silent during questioning .在他的辩护中,他**援引**了在审讯期间保持沉默的权利。
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keystone
[名词]

the most significant part of an argument, belief, or plan on which everything else depends

基石, 关键要素

基石, 关键要素

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to describe or stress something excessively when it is already understood

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to lay out
[动词]

to explain something clearly and in detail

阐述, 详细说明

阐述, 详细说明

Ex: The politician laid out their platform to the voters , explaining their positions on the issues .政治家向选民**阐述**了他们的纲领,解释了他们在问题上的立场。
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pitch
[名词]

speeches or arguments used to persuade someone to do something or to accept an idea

说辞, 说服性演讲

说辞, 说服性演讲

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‌to use one's best resource and do something clever and unexpected that gives one an advantage over others

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to plead
[动词]

to state something as an excuse

辩护, 声称

辩护, 声称

Ex: The prosecution pleaded conspiracy , alleging that the defendant conspired with others to commit the crime .检方**辩称**有共谋,指控被告与他人共谋犯罪。
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point
[名词]

the most important thing that is said or done which highlights the purpose of something

点, 主要观点

点, 主要观点

Ex: The meeting concluded with a consensus on the main points of the new policy .会议以对新政策主要**点**的共识结束。
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to point
[动词]

to suggest that something is probable or certain

指出, 暗示

指出, 暗示

Ex: The survey results point to a decline in customer satisfaction.调查结果**表明**客户满意度下降。
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polemic
[名词]

a strong verbal or written statement of opinion, especially one that refutes or attacks a specific opinion

争论, 辩论

争论, 辩论

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polemics
[名词]

the art of arguing for or against someone or something, such as a particular idea or opinion

争论, 辩论艺术

争论, 辩论艺术

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polemical
[形容词]

of or relating to strong arguments meant to criticize or defend a particular opinion, person, idea, etc.

争论的

争论的

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to posit
[动词]

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

假设, 提出

假设, 提出

Ex: The computer scientist posited a new algorithm to improve computational efficiency in complex problem-solving tasks .计算机科学家**提出**了一种新算法,以提高复杂问题解决任务中的计算效率。
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premise
[名词]

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

前提, 假设

前提, 假设

Ex: The legal case was built on the premise that the defendant had breached the contract intentionally .该法律案件建立在被告故意违反合同的**前提**之上。
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to forcefully make a point in an argument or discussion to ensure that there are no misunderstandings

Ex: The parent hammered home the importance of honesty, explaining that trust was the foundation of any relationship.
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something that one perceives to be true, even though it remains to be proved, especially at the beginning of an argument

预设, 前提

预设, 前提

Ex: The legal case relied on the presupposition that the defendant had prior knowledge of the crime .法律案件依赖于被告事先知道犯罪的**预设**。
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prong
[名词]

each separate part of an argument, plan, etc.

方面, 部分

方面, 部分

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proof
[名词]

the act or process of testing the truth of something through evidence or argument

证据, 证明

证据, 证明

Ex: The detective gathered proof to establish the suspect ’s involvement in the crime .侦探收集了**证据**以确定嫌疑人参与犯罪。
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to prove
[动词]

to show that something is true through the use of evidence or facts

证明,  证实

证明, 证实

Ex: The experiment regularly proves the hypothesis .实验定期**证明**假设。
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to introduce a plan or suggestion to a group of individuals so that they decide whether to accept it or not

Ex: It's an interesting proposal.
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观点和论点
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