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Opinion and Argument - Argumentation and Persuasion

Here you will learn some English words related to argumentation and persuasion such as "pitch", "keystone", and "invoke".

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Words Related to Opinion and Argument
to generalize

to form a broad conclusion or principle by considering specific instances

Ex: He tended to generalize from one example to the whole class .
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given that
given that
[conjunction]

used to express that one is considering a particular fact before sharing one's opinion or making a judgment

Ex: Given that he had already apologized , they decided to move on from the incident .
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hair-splitting

‌the act of making petty distinctions or arguing about insignificant details and differences

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hearing
hearing
[noun]

an occasion or opportunity to present one's views and be listened to

Ex: They finally granted her a hearing after weeks of waiting .
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high ground

the most advantageous position in an argument or discussion that grants one moral or ethical superiority

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to [hold] water

(of an argument, theory, etc.) to be believable or supported by evidence

Ex: The detective's theory didn't hold water when all the facts were considered.
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in effect
in effect
[Adverb]

used to indicate that a rule or law is being operated

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in the first place

used to explain the main reason or starting point of a situation

Ex: In the first place, this project was poorly planned , so failure was inevitable .
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to invalidate

to prove that something is incorrect or flawed, making it not acceptable or reliable

Ex: She invalidates faulty arguments during debates .
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invalidation

the act of making or proving a belief, idea, argument, etc. wrong

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to invoke
to invoke
[Verb]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

Ex: In his defense , he invoked his right to remain silent during questioning .
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keystone
keystone
[noun]

a central element or factor that provides essential support or cohesion to a system or concept

Ex: Ethics act as the keystone in the company 's corporate culture .
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to [labor] the point

to describe or stress something excessively when it is already understood

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to lay out

to explain something clearly and in detail

Ex: The politician laid out their platform to the voters , explaining their positions on the issues .
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pitch
pitch
[noun]

a presentation or argument intended to persuade or promote a product, idea, or service

Ex: They give a pitch during the trade show .
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to [play] {one's} ace

‌to use one's best resource and do something clever and unexpected that gives one an advantage over others

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to plead
to plead
[Verb]

to state something as an excuse

Ex: The prosecution pleaded conspiracy , alleging that the defendant conspired with others to commit the crime .
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point
point
[noun]

the most important thing that is said or done which highlights the purpose of something

Ex: The meeting concluded with a consensus on the main points of the new policy .
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to point
to point
[Verb]

to suggest that something is probable or certain

Ex: The survey results point to a decline in customer satisfaction.
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polemic
polemic
[noun]

a speech or piece of writing that strongly criticizes someone or something

Ex: His speech became a polemic about social inequality .
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polemics
polemics
[noun]

the art of arguing for or against someone or something, such as a particular idea or opinion

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polemical
polemical
[Adjective]

of or relating to strong arguments meant to criticize or defend a particular opinion, person, idea, etc.

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to posit
to posit
[Verb]

to propose or assume something as true or factual, serving as the foundation for further reasoning or argumentation

Ex: The computer scientist posited a new algorithm to improve computational efficiency in complex problem-solving tasks .
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premise
premise
[noun]

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

Ex: The legal case was built on the premise that the defendant had breached the contract intentionally .
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to [press|hammer] {sth} home

to forcefully make a point in an argument or discussion to ensure that there are no misunderstandings

Ex: The parent hammered home the importance of honesty, explaining that trust was the foundation of any relationship.
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presupposition

something that one perceives to be true, even though it remains to be proved, especially at the beginning of an argument

Ex: The legal case relied on the presupposition that the defendant had prior knowledge of the crime .
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prong
prong
[noun]

each separate part of an argument, plan, etc.

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proof
proof
[noun]

the act or process of testing or verifying the truth of something through evidence or argument

Ex: They carried out proof of the device before production .
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to prove
to prove
[Verb]

to show that something is true through the use of evidence or facts

Ex: The experiment regularly proves the hypothesis .
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to [put] it to {sb}

to introduce a plan or suggestion to a group of individuals so that they decide whether to accept it or not

Ex: It's an interesting proposal.I'll put it to the board of directors next week.
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