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健康与疾病 - 与伤害相关的一般动词

在这里,你将学习一些与伤害相关的一般英语动词,如“致残”、“骨折”和“留下疤痕”。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
to bang
[动词]

to accidentally hit or get hit by something that injures or damages a part of one's body

撞, 碰

撞, 碰

Ex: She banged her hand against the door frame in the dark hallway , causing a small cut .她在黑暗的走廊里把手**撞**到了门框上,导致了一个小伤口。
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to bleed
[动词]

to lose blood from an injury or wound

流血, 失血

流血, 失血

Ex: Last week , I accidentally cut my finger , and it bled for a while .上周,我不小心割伤了手指,它**流血**了一会儿。
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to sustain
[动词]

to suffer or undergo something irritating, especially an injury, disease, etc.

遭受, 忍受

遭受, 忍受

Ex: She sustained a back injury after lifting the heavy box .她在抬起沉重的箱子后**遭受**了背部受伤。
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to wound
[动词]

to cause physical harm or injury to someone

伤害, 使受伤

伤害, 使受伤

Ex: Thorns on certain plants can easily wound gardeners if not handled carefully .某些植物上的刺如果不小心处理,很容易**伤到**园丁。
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to cut
[动词]

to accidentally wound and hurt yourself or others, especially with a sharp object, causing the skin to break and bleed

切, 割伤

切, 割伤

Ex: She cut herself on the broken glass while cleaning .她在清洁时被碎玻璃**割伤**了。
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to burn
[动词]

to cause a sensation of discomfort or pain similar to that of being burned by fire

烧, 燃烧

烧, 燃烧

Ex: The spicy food burned his mouth , making it feel like fire .辛辣的食物**灼烧**了他的嘴,让它感觉像火一样。
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to break
[动词]

to cause a crack and a separation in one of the bones of the body

折断, 使骨折

折断, 使骨折

Ex: She fell and broke her arm while skiing .她在滑雪时摔倒并**折断**了手臂。
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to bruise
[动词]

to make injuries, particularly ones caused by a blow, appear on the skin and cause discoloration

使淤伤,  使青肿

使淤伤, 使青肿

Ex: The collision with the soccer ball bruised his thigh , but he continued playing .与足球的碰撞**擦伤**了他的大腿,但他继续比赛。
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to crick
[动词]

to cause a sudden painful stiffness or spasm in a muscle, typically occurring due to an awkward movement or prolonged position

扭伤, 痉挛

扭伤, 痉挛

Ex: The repetitive motion at work will be cricking her wrists if she does n't take breaks .如果她不休息,工作中的重复动作会使她的手腕**抽筋**。
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to cripple
[动词]

to inflict severe damage to someone's body so that they are unable to walk or move properly

使残废, 致残

使残废, 致残

Ex: The construction worker took precautions to avoid accidents that could cripple him .建筑工人采取了预防措施,以避免可能**致残**他的事故。
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to crush
[动词]

to become damaged, broken, or deformed under pressure

压碎, 碾碎

压碎, 碾碎

Ex: The delicate cookies would crush if not handled with care .如果不小心处理,精致的饼干会**压碎**。
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to make someone or something weaker or less effective

削弱, 使虚弱

削弱, 使虚弱

Ex: Malnutrition can debilitate a child 's growth and development , leading to long-term health issues .**营养不良**会削弱儿童的成长和发育,导致长期健康问题。
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to dislocate
[动词]

to suddenly cause a bone to move out of its normal position

脱臼, 使脱位

脱臼, 使脱位

Ex: The wrestler dislocated his elbow during the match .摔跤手在比赛中**脱臼**了他的肘部。
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to graze
[动词]

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

擦伤, 刮伤

擦伤, 刮伤

Ex: The tree branch grazed her face as she walked through the dense woods .当她走过茂密的树林时,树枝**擦过**了她的脸。
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to injure or weaken someone in a way that one cannot live normally

使丧失能力, 削弱

使丧失能力, 削弱

Ex: The disease incapacitated her joints , causing long-term mobility issues .这种疾病**使**她的关节**丧失功能**,导致了长期的行动不便。
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to jam
[动词]

to forcefully and suddenly impact or compress a body part, typically causing discomfort, pain, or injury

夹住, 压碎

夹住, 压碎

Ex: If you do n't wear proper protection , you might jam your knee while playing contact sports .如果你不穿戴适当的防护装备,在进行接触性运动时可能会**卡住**膝盖。
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to lacerate
[动词]

to tear the skin or flesh, causing deep and often irregular wounds

撕裂, 划破

撕裂, 划破

Ex: The barbed wire fence has the potential to lacerate anyone attempting to climb over .带刺的铁丝网有可能**撕裂**任何试图攀爬它的人。
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to maim
[动词]

to cause serious and often permanent injury to a person, typically by disabling a part of their body

使残废, 致残

使残废, 致残

Ex: Landmines in conflict zones pose a significant threat , capable of maiming unsuspecting civilians .冲突地区的地雷构成重大威胁,**能够致残**毫无戒心的平民。
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to mangle
[动词]

to severely damage or destroy something

严重损坏, 撕碎

严重损坏, 撕碎

Ex: The lack of proper precautions mangled the fabric in the manufacturing process .缺乏适当的预防措施在制造过程中**损坏了**织物。
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to mutilate
[动词]

to cause severe damage or harm

使残废, 严重损坏

使残废, 严重损坏

Ex: The soldiers found animals mutilated in the deserted village .士兵们在荒废的村庄里发现了被**残害**的动物。
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to tear
[动词]

to injure a muscle, etc. by stretching it too much

撕裂, 拉伤

撕裂, 拉伤

Ex: She was sidelined for several weeks after tearing her calf muscle during a marathon .她在马拉松比赛中**撕裂**了小腿肌肉后,被搁置了几周。
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to trample
[动词]

to step heavily or crush underfoot with force

践踏, 用力踩碎

践踏, 用力踩碎

Ex: During the protest , the crowd threatened to trample the banners and signs scattered on the ground .在抗议期间,人群威胁要**践踏**散落在地上的横幅和标志。
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to twist
[动词]

to injure a joint, particularly one's ankle or wrist by turning it in an awkward way

扭伤, 扭曲

扭伤, 扭曲

Ex: She slipped on the icy pavement and twisted her wrist as she tried to break her fall .她在结冰的人行道上滑倒,试图阻止自己摔倒时**扭伤**了手腕。
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to wrench
[动词]

to injure a part of one's body, particularly one's ankle or shoulder by twisting it suddenly or violently

扭伤, 拧伤

扭伤, 拧伤

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to bump
[动词]

to accidentally hit a part of one's body against something, especially with great force and in a way that causes injury

撞, 碰

撞, 碰

Ex: She bumped her foot on the edge of the bed , making her wince .她把脚**撞**在了床边上,让她疼得龇牙咧嘴。
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to concuss
[动词]

to forcefully smack someone on the head and make them temporarily unconscious or confused

使昏迷, 使眩晕

使昏迷, 使眩晕

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to fracture
[动词]

to cause the bone to break

骨折,  折断

骨折, 折断

Ex: A high-impact force , such as a car crash , has the potential to fracture multiple bones .高冲击力,如车祸,有可能**骨折**多根骨头。
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to hobble
[动词]

to walk unsteadily or clumsily due to sustaining injuries or physical limitations

蹒跚, 艰难地行走

蹒跚, 艰难地行走

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rupture
[名词]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

破裂, 撕裂

破裂, 撕裂

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a lung rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing .严重的咳嗽发作可导致肺部**破裂**,导致呼吸困难。
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to scab
[动词]

to form a scab, a crust of dry blood that forms over a wound as it recovers

结痂, 形成痂

结痂, 形成痂

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to scald
[动词]

to injure oneself with hot liquid or steam

烫伤, 被热水或蒸汽烫伤

烫伤, 被热水或蒸汽烫伤

Ex: The pot of soup tipped over , scalding anyone in its path .汤锅打翻了,**烫伤**了路上的任何人。
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to scratch
[动词]

to make small cuts or marks on a surface

刮, 划伤

刮, 划伤

Ex: Be careful not to scratch the glass when cleaning it with a rough cloth .用粗糙的布清洁时,小心不要**刮伤**玻璃。
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to sting
[动词]

(of an animal or insect) to pierce the skin of another animal or a human, typically injecting poison, either in self-defense or while preying

刺, 咬

刺, 咬

Ex: If provoked , the scorpion will sting as a means of self-defense .如果被激怒,蝎子会**蜇**作为一种自卫手段。
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to scar
[动词]

to leave a mark on the skin after the injured tissue has healed

留下疤痕, 结疤

留下疤痕, 结疤

Ex: The deep wounds from the accident may scar, but they also tell a story of survival .事故造成的深深伤口可能会**留下疤痕**,但它们也讲述了一个生存的故事。
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to scrape
[动词]

(of skin tissue) to accidentally damage or injure by rubbing against a rough surface or with something sharp and abrasive

刮伤, 擦伤

刮伤, 擦伤

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to sprain
[动词]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

扭伤, 拉伤

扭伤, 拉伤

Ex: He sprains his leg easily because of his weak joints .由于关节虚弱,他很容易**扭伤**腿。
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to stab
[动词]

to push a knife or other sharp object into someone to injure or kill them

刺, 捅

刺, 捅

Ex: The criminal stabbed his victim in the chest , causing him severe injuries .罪犯**刺**了受害者的胸部,导致他受了重伤。
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to paralyze
[动词]

to cause a person, animal, or part of the body to lose the ability to move or function, usually due to injury or illness

使瘫痪, 使麻痹

使瘫痪, 使麻痹

Ex: The disease progressed rapidly , threatening to paralyze the patient 's respiratory system .疾病迅速进展,威胁要**麻痹**患者的呼吸系统。
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健康与疾病
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