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健康与疾病 - 与伤害相关的一般动词

在这里,你将学习一些与伤害相关的一般英语动词,如“致残”、“骨折”和“留下疤痕”。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
to bang
to bang
[动词]

to accidentally hit a part of one's body against something, causing pain or injury

撞, 磕

撞, 磕

Ex: She stood up too quickly and banged her head on the shelf. 
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to bleed
to bleed
[动词]

to lose blood from an injury or wound

流血, 失血

流血, 失血

Ex: When the athlete got a deep cut on his knee, it started to bleed profusely. 

当运动员膝盖上有一道深深的伤口时,开始大量流血。

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to sustain
to sustain
[动词]

to suffer or experience an injury, damage, loss, or other harmful effect

遭受

遭受

Ex: The building sustained extensive damage in the storm. 
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to wound
to wound
[动词]

to cause physical harm or injury to someone

伤害, 使受伤

伤害, 使受伤

Ex: Thorns on certain plants can easily wound gardeners if not handled carefully. 
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to cut
to cut
[动词]

to accidentally wound and hurt yourself or others, especially with a sharp object, causing the skin to break and bleed

切, 割伤

切, 割伤

Ex: She cut herself on the broken glass while cleaning. 
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to burn
to burn
[动词]

to cause a sensation of discomfort or pain similar to that of being burned by fire

烧, 燃烧

烧, 燃烧

Ex: The spicy food burned his mouth, making it feel like fire. 
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to break
to break
[动词]

to cause a crack and a separation in one of the bones of the body

折断, 使骨折

折断, 使骨折

Ex: She fell and broke her arm while skiing. 
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to bruise
to bruise
[动词]

to make injuries, particularly ones caused by a blow, appear on the skin and cause discoloration

使淤伤,  使青肿

使淤伤, 使青肿

Ex: A bump on the head may bruise and create a noticeable lump. 

头上的肿块可能会淤青并形成一个明显的肿块。

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to crick
to crick
[动词]

to cause a sudden painful stiffness or spasm in a muscle, typically occurring due to an awkward movement or prolonged position

扭伤, 痉挛

扭伤, 痉挛

Ex: As he was gardening, he cricked his lower back, causing immediate discomfort. 

当他园艺时,他扭伤了腰部,立即引起了不适。

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to cripple
to cripple
[动词]

to inflict severe damage to someone's body so that they are unable to walk or move properly

使残废, 致残

使残废, 致残

Ex: Diseases like polio used to cripple individuals, affecting their mobility. 

像小儿麻痹症这样的疾病曾经致残个体,影响他们的行动能力。

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to crush
to crush
[动词]

to become damaged, flattened, or deformed as a result of pressure

压碎,  压扁

压碎, 压扁

Ex: The thin container crushed under the weight of the books. 
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to debilitate

to make someone or something weaker or less effective

削弱, 使虚弱

削弱, 使虚弱

Ex: Years of neglect have debilitated the infrastructure of the city. 

多年的忽视削弱了城市的基础设施。

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to dislocate
to dislocate
[动词]

to suddenly cause a bone to move out of its normal position

脱臼, 使脱位

脱臼, 使脱位

Ex: His fall on the icy ground dislocated his hip, forcing him to seek emergency care. 

他在结冰的地面上摔倒导致髋关节脱臼,迫使他寻求紧急护理。

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to graze
to graze
[动词]

to cause injury to the surface of one's skin by rubbing it against something rough

擦伤, 刮伤

擦伤, 刮伤

Ex: He accidentally grazed his arm against the rough wall while moving furniture. 

他在移动家具时不小心将手臂擦到了粗糙的墙上。

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to incapacitate

to injure or weaken someone in a way that one cannot live normally

使丧失能力, 削弱

使丧失能力, 削弱

Ex: A fall from the ladder incapacitated the worker, resulting in a lasting head trauma. 

从梯子上摔下来使工人丧失能力,导致持久的头部创伤。

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to jam
to jam
[动词]

to injure a finger, toe, or other body part by hitting, crushing, or forcing it suddenly

夹伤,  撞伤

夹伤, 撞伤

Ex: Daniel jammed his thumb against the door. 
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to lacerate
to lacerate
[动词]

to tear the skin or flesh, causing deep and often irregular wounds

撕裂, 划破

撕裂, 划破

Ex: In the accident, the broken metal fence lacerated her leg, requiring immediate medical attention. 

在事故中,破损的金属围栏撕裂了她的腿,需要立即就医。

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to maim
to maim
[动词]

to cause serious and often permanent injury to a person, typically by disabling a part of their body

使残废, 致残

使残废, 致残

Ex: The vicious attack aimed to maim the victim's hands, preventing them from using tools. 

恶毒的攻击旨在致残受害者的双手,阻止他们使用工具。

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to mangle
to mangle
[动词]

to severely damage or destroy something

严重损坏, 撕碎

严重损坏, 撕碎

Ex: The machine malfunctioned and began to mangle the fabric. 

机器发生故障,开始撕碎布料。

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to mutilate
to mutilate
[动词]

to cause severe damage or harm

使残废, 严重损坏

使残废, 严重损坏

Ex: The accident mutilated his arm, leaving lasting scars. 

事故毁坏了他的手臂,留下了永久的疤痕。

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to tear
to tear
[动词]

to injure a muscle, etc. by stretching it too much

撕裂, 拉伤

撕裂, 拉伤

Ex: She was sidelined for several weeks after tearing her calf muscle during a marathon. 
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to trample
to trample
[动词]

to step heavily or crush underfoot with force

践踏, 用力踩碎

践踏, 用力踩碎

Ex: The children couldn't contain their excitement and accidentally trampled the delicate flowers in the garden. 

孩子们无法抑制他们的兴奋,不小心踩踏了花园里娇嫩的花朵。

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to twist
to twist
[动词]

to injure a joint by turning it suddenly or awkwardly

扭伤,  扭到

扭伤, 扭到

Ex: He twisted his knee during the soccer game. 
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to wrench
to wrench
[动词]

to twist a body part suddenly and cause a sprain

扭伤, 拧伤

扭伤, 拧伤

Ex: She wrenched her wrist during the fall. 

她在摔倒时扭伤了手腕。

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to bump
to bump
[动词]

to accidentally hit a part of one's body against something, especially with great force and in a way that causes injury

撞, 碰

撞, 碰

Ex: She bumped her foot on the edge of the bed, making her wince. 
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to concuss
to concuss
[动词]

to forcefully smack someone on the head and make them temporarily unconscious or confused

使昏迷, 使眩晕

使昏迷, 使眩晕

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to fracture
to fracture
[动词]

to cause the bone to break

骨折,  折断

骨折, 折断

Ex: The impact of the fall could fracture a bone, so be careful on the icy sidewalk. 

跌倒的冲击可能会骨折,所以在结冰的人行道上要小心。

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to hobble
to hobble
[动词]

to walk unsteadily or clumsily due to sustaining injuries or physical limitations

蹒跚, 艰难地行走

蹒跚, 艰难地行走

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rupture
rupture
[名词]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

破裂, 撕裂

破裂, 撕裂

Ex: She felt a sudden sharp pain in her abdomen, fearing it was a sign of an appendix rupture. 

她突然感到腹部一阵剧痛,担心这是阑尾破裂的迹象。

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to scab
to scab
[动词]

to form a scab, a crust of dry blood that forms over a wound as it recovers

结痂, 形成痂

结痂, 形成痂

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to scald
to scald
[动词]

to injure oneself with hot liquid or steam

烫伤, 被热水或蒸汽烫伤

烫伤, 被热水或蒸汽烫伤

Ex: The steam from the pot scalded his face as he lifted the lid too quickly. 

当他太快地揭开盖子时,锅里的蒸汽烫伤了他的脸。

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to scratch
to scratch
[动词]

to damage a surface or skin by making a thin, shallow cut or mark with something sharp or rough

刮伤, 划伤

刮伤, 划伤

Ex: A thorn scratched Emily's arm as she walked past the bush. 
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to sting
to sting
[动词]

(of an animal or insect) to pierce the skin of another animal or a human, typically injecting poison, either in self-defense or while preying

刺, 咬

刺, 咬

Ex: Mosquitoes use their proboscis to sting and feed on the blood of their hosts. 

蚊子用它们的刺来叮咬并吸食宿主的血液。

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to scar
to scar
[动词]

to leave a mark on the skin after the injured tissue has healed

留下疤痕, 结疤

留下疤痕, 结疤

Ex: The rock climbing accident scarred her knees, but she continued the sport. 
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to scrape
to scrape
[动词]

(of skin tissue) to accidentally damage or injure by rubbing against a rough surface or with something sharp and abrasive

刮伤, 擦伤

刮伤, 擦伤

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to sprain
to sprain
[动词]

(of a ligament) to be suddenly twisted, which results in much pain

扭伤, 拉伤

扭伤, 拉伤

Ex: She sprained her wrist after falling on the icy sidewalk. 

她在结冰的人行道上摔倒后扭伤了手腕。

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to stab
to stab
[动词]

to wound or kill someone by pushing a knife or other pointed object into their body

刺伤

刺伤

Ex: Sarah was stabbed with a broken piece of glass. 
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to paralyze
to paralyze
[动词]

to cause a person, animal, or part of the body to lose the ability to move or function, usually due to injury or illness

使瘫痪, 使麻痹

使瘫痪, 使麻痹

Ex: A stroke can paralyze one side of the body, impacting motor functions. 

中风可以麻痹身体的一侧,影响运动功能。

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健康与疾病
与伤害相关的一般动词与健康和疾病相关的一般动词
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