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Seznam Slovíček Úrovně B1 - Právo a politika

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slovíčka o právu a politice, jako např. „hranice“, „rada“, „volby“ atd. připravená pro studenty B1.

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

politika, politické dění

politika, politické dění

Ex: The professor 's lecture on politics covered the historical evolution of its political parties .
candidate
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

kandidát, uchazeč

kandidát, uchazeč

Ex: candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected .
border
[Podstatné jméno]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

hraniční čára, hranice

hraniční čára, hranice

Ex: The border patrol is responsible for monitoring and enforcing immigration laws along the countryborders.
congress
[Podstatné jméno]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

kongres, sněmovna

kongres, sněmovna

council
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

zastupitelstvo, rád

zastupitelstvo, rád

Ex: council proposed new environmental regulations .
county
[Podstatné jméno]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

okres, kraj

okres, kraj

Ex: Local farmers in county grow a variety of crops , including corn , soybeans , and wheat , contributing to the region 's agricultural economy .
court
[Podstatné jméno]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

soud, court (anglicismus)

soud, court (anglicismus)

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent.
diplomacy
[Podstatné jméno]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacie, diplomatické jednání

diplomacie, diplomatické jednání

election
[Podstatné jméno]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

volby, hlasování

volby, hlasování

Ex: Voters lined up early to cast their ballots in the elections.
to elect
[sloveso]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

zvolit, vybrat

zvolit, vybrat

Ex: The citizens of the country electing new leaders who will shape the future .
embassy
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

velvyslanectví, diplomatická mise

velvyslanectví, diplomatická mise

government
[Podstatné jméno]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

vláda, správa

vláda, správa

Ex: In a democratic system , government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections .
local government
[Podstatné jméno]

the government of a city or town and not of a country

místní samospráva, místní vláda

místní samospráva, místní vláda

governor
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

guvernér, hejtman

guvernér, hejtman

law
[Podstatné jméno]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

zákon, právo

zákon, právo

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under law.
mayor
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

starosta, primátor

starosta, primátor

Ex: A mayor will be chosen in the upcoming election .
parliament
[Podstatné jméno]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlament, sněmovna

parlament, sněmovna

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during parliament meeting .
party
[Podstatné jméno]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

politická strana, strana

politická strana, strana

Ex: In celebration of their electoral victory , party hosted a gala event to thank volunteers and donors for their contributions .
political
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

politický, vládní

politický, vládní

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public political developments and holding elected officials accountable .
president
[Podstatné jméno]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

prezident, čelní představitel

prezident, čelní představitel

Ex: president's term in office lasts for four years .
public
[Podstatné jméno]

a society's ordinary people

veřejnost, obec

veřejnost, obec

Ex: The initiative aims to educate public about environmental conservation .
punishment
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

trest, pokuta

trest, pokuta

Ex: He accepted punishment without complaint .
right
[Podstatné jméno]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

právo, nárok

právo, nárok

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.
to arrest
[sloveso]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

zadržet, arrestovat

zadržet, arrestovat

Ex: Authorities are arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .
to ban
[sloveso]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

zakázat, předpisem zakázat

zakázat, předpisem zakázat

Ex: The international community came together ban the trade of ivory .
state
[Podstatné jméno]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

stát, kraj

stát, kraj

Ex: The Australian state of New South Wales is home to iconic landmarks such as the Sydney Opera House and the Blue Mountains.
to commit
[sloveso]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

spáchat, provést

spáchat, provést

Ex: The hacker was apprehended committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .
to escape
[sloveso]

to get away from captivity

utéct, uniknout

utéct, uniknout

Ex: The bird escaped from its cage when the door was left open.

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

vyšetřovat, prozkoumat

vyšetřovat, prozkoumat

Ex: Authorities are working investigate the source of the contamination .
to murder
[sloveso]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

zabít, vraždit

zabít, vraždit

Ex: Last year , the criminal murdered an innocent bystander .
to punish
[sloveso]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

trestat, potrestat

trestat, potrestat

Ex: Company policies typically outline consequences punish employees for unethical behavior in the workplace .
to rule
[sloveso]

to control and be in charge of a country

vládnout, panovat

vládnout, panovat

Ex: The military ruled the nation after a coup d'état .
thief
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

zloděj, lupič

zloděj, lupič

Ex: thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .
to vote
[sloveso]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

hlasovat, volit

hlasovat, volit

Ex: voted for the first time after turning eighteen .
conference
[Podstatné jméno]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

konference, sjezd

konference, sjezd

Ex: Many universities conferences to promote academic collaboration .
statement
[Podstatné jméno]

an official announcement regarding something specific

prohlášení, vyjádření

prohlášení, vyjádření

flag
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

vlajka, prapor

vlajka, prapor

Ex: flag of the charity organization was prominently featured in the parade .
blood money
[Podstatné jméno]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

krvavé peníze, odškodné za smrt

krvavé peníze, odškodné za smrt

to free
[sloveso]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

osvobodit, propustit

osvobodit, propustit

Ex: The activists worked tirelessly free the wrongfully imprisoned man .
death penalty
[Podstatné jméno]

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

trest smrti, smrtící trest

trest smrti, smrtící trest

Ex: death penalty is rarely used in some states .
criminal
[Přídavné jméno]

related to or involving illegal activities

kriminální, trestný

kriminální, trestný

Ex: Legal procedures ensure that individuals accused criminal conduct receive fair trials and due process .
criminal
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

Ex: criminal confessed to robbing the bank .
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