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B1レベルの単語リスト - 法律と政治

ここでは、B1レベルの学習者向けに準備された「国境」、「評議会」、「選挙」など、法律と政治に関するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
[名詞]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

政治

政治

Ex: The professor 's lecture on American politics covered the historical evolution of its political parties .教授のアメリカの**政治**に関する講義は、その政党の歴史的進化をカバーしました。
candidate
[名詞]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

候補者, 立候補者

候補者, 立候補者

Ex: The candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected .**候補者**は、選出されれば気候変動に取り組むと約束した。
border
[名詞]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

国境, 境界

国境, 境界

Ex: The border patrol is responsible for monitoring and enforcing immigration laws along the country 's borders.国境警備隊は、国の**国境**に沿って移民法を監視し、執行する責任があります。
congress
[名詞]

(in some countries) the group of people who have been elected to make laws, which in the US it consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

議会, 立法府

議会, 立法府

council
[名詞]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

議会, 評議会

議会, 評議会

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations .**評議会**は新しい環境規制を提案しました。
county
[名詞]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

郡, 県

郡, 県

Ex: Local farmers in the county grow a variety of crops , including corn , soybeans , and wheat , contributing to the region 's agricultural economy .**郡**の地元の農家は、トウモロコシ、大豆、小麦を含むさまざまな作物を栽培し、地域の農業経済に貢献しています。
court
[名詞]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

裁判所, 法廷

裁判所, 法廷

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent.最高**裁判所**の判決は法的先例を設定した。
diplomacy
[名詞]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

外交

外交

Ex: His sharp diplomacy secured a vital trade agreement for his country .
election
[名詞]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

選挙

選挙

Ex: Voters lined up early to cast their ballots in the local elections.有権者は地方**選挙**で投票するために早く並んだ。
to elect
[動詞]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

選出する, 投票で選ぶ

選出する, 投票で選ぶ

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future .その国の市民は、未来を形作る新しいリーダーを**選んでいます**。
embassy
[名詞]

a group of people who officially represent their government in another country

大使館

大使館

government
[名詞]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

政府, 行政

政府, 行政

Ex: In a democratic system , the government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections .民主主義システムでは、**政府**は自由で公正な選挙を通じて国民によって選ばれます。

the government of a city or town and not of a country

地方政府, 地方自治体

地方政府, 地方自治体

governor
[名詞]

someone who is in charge of a region or town

知事, 市長

知事, 市長

law
[名詞]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

法律, 法

法律, 法

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under the law.**法律**の下であなたの権利を知ることは重要です。
mayor
[名詞]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

市長, 町長

市長, 町長

Ex: A new mayor will be chosen in the upcoming election .今度の選挙で新しい**市長**が選ばれます。
parliament
[名詞]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

議会

議会

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government 's policies during the parliament meeting .
party
[名詞]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

党, 政党

党, 政党

Ex: In celebration of their electoral victory , the party hosted a gala event to thank volunteers and donors for their contributions .選挙の勝利を祝って、**党**はボランティアと寄付者への感謝の意を表すためにガライベントを開催しました。
political
[形容詞]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

政治的な

政治的な

Ex: The media plays a crucial role in informing the public about political developments and holding elected officials accountable .メディアは、**政治的**な進展について公衆に情報を提供し、選出された役人を説明責任に追い込む上で重要な役割を果たします。
president
[名詞]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

大統領, 国家元首

大統領, 国家元首

Ex: The president's term in office lasts for four years .**大統領**の任期は4年間です。
public
[名詞]

a society's ordinary people

公衆, 一般の人々

公衆, 一般の人々

Ex: The initiative aims to educate the public about environmental conservation .この取り組みは、環境保護について**一般の人々**を教育することを目的としています。
punishment
[名詞]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

罰, 処罰

罰, 処罰

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .彼は文句を言わずに**罰**を受け入れた。
right
[名詞]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

権利, 特権

権利, 特権

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security.人権には、生命、自由、および安全に対する**権利**が含まれます。
to arrest
[動詞]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

逮捕する

逮捕する

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .当局は現在、犯罪現場で容疑者を**逮捕**しています。
to ban
[動詞]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

禁止する, 禁じる

禁止する, 禁じる

Ex: The international community came together to ban the trade of ivory .国際社会は象牙の取引を**禁止**するために団結しました。
state
[名詞]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

州, 国家

州, 国家

Ex: The Australian state of New South Wales is home to iconic landmarks such as the Sydney Opera House and the Blue Mountains.オーストラリアの**州**、ニューサウスウェールズは、シドニーオペラハウスやブルーマウンテンズなどの象徴的なランドマークの本拠地です。
to commit
[動詞]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

犯す, 行う

犯す, 行う

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .ハッカーは、機密情報への不正アクセスを含むサイバー犯罪を**犯した**として逮捕されました。
to escape
[動詞]

to get away from captivity

逃げる, 脱出する

逃げる, 脱出する

Ex: The bird escaped from its cage when the door was left open.鳥はドアが開け放されたときにケージから**逃げ出した**。

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

調査する,  調べる

調査する, 調べる

Ex: Authorities are working to investigate the source of the contamination .当局は汚染源を**調査**するために取り組んでいます。
to murder
[動詞]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

殺害する, 殺人を犯す

殺害する, 殺人を犯す

Ex: Last year , the criminal unexpectedly murdered an innocent bystander .昨年、その犯罪者は予期せず無実の傍観者を**殺害した**。
to punish
[動詞]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

罰する, 懲らしめる

罰する, 懲らしめる

Ex: Company policies typically outline consequences to punish employees for unethical behavior in the workplace .会社の方針は通常、職場での非倫理的な行為に対して従業員を**罰する**ための結果を概説しています。
to rule
[動詞]

to control and be in charge of a country

統治する, 支配する

統治する, 支配する

Ex: The military junta ruled the nation after a coup d'état .軍事政権はクーデターの後、国を**支配した**。
thief
[名詞]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

泥棒, 盗人

泥棒, 盗人

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .**泥棒**は路地を通って逃げようとしたが、警察はすぐに彼を追い詰めた。
to vote
[動詞]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

投票する, 票を投じる

投票する, 票を投じる

Ex: He voted for the first time after turning eighteen .彼は18歳になって初めて**投票した**。
conference
[名詞]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

会議

会議

Ex: Many universities organize conferences to promote academic collaboration .多くの大学は学術的な協力を促進するために**会議**を開催します。
statement
[名詞]

an official announcement regarding something specific

声明,  発表

声明, 発表

flag
[名詞]

a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

旗, 国旗

旗, 国旗

Ex: The flag of the charity organization was prominently featured in the parade .慈善団体の**旗**がパレードで目立つように飾られていました。
blood money
[名詞]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

血の代償, 血銭

血の代償, 血銭

to free
[動詞]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

解放する, 釈放する

解放する, 釈放する

Ex: The activists worked tirelessly to free the wrongfully imprisoned man .活動家たちは、不当に投獄された男性を**解放する**ために疲れを知らずに働いた。

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

死刑, 死罪

死刑, 死罪

Ex: The death penalty is rarely used in some states .**死刑**は一部の州ではめったに使用されません。
criminal
[形容詞]

related to or involving illegal activities

犯罪の, 刑事上の

犯罪の, 刑事上の

Ex: Legal procedures ensure that individuals accused of criminal conduct receive fair trials and due process .法的な手続きは、**犯罪**行為で告発された個人が公正な裁判と適正手続きを受けることを保証します。
criminal
[名詞]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

犯罪者, 刑事

犯罪者, 刑事

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .**犯罪者**は銀行を強盗したことを自白した。
B1レベルの単語リスト
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