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Danh Sách Từ Vựng Trình Độ B1 - Luật và Chính trị

Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh về luật và chính trị, chẳng hạn như "biên giới", "hội đồng", "bầu cử", v.v., được chuẩn bị cho người học trình độ B1.

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
politics
[Danh từ]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

chính trị

chính trị

Ex: The mayor's approach to politics focuses on grassroots involvement and transparent decision-making. 
candidate
candidate
[Danh từ]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

ứng viên, thí sinh

ứng viên, thí sinh

Ex: There are several candidates running for office in the upcoming election. 
border
border
[Danh từ]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

biên giới, ranh giới

biên giới, ranh giới

Ex: Smugglers frequently attempt to cross goods illegally through remote areas along the border. 
Congress
Congress
[Danh từ]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Quốc hội, Cơ quan lập pháp

Quốc hội, Cơ quan lập pháp

Ex: The president addressed Congress in a formal speech. 
council
council
[Danh từ]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

hội đồng, ủy ban

hội đồng, ủy ban

Ex: The town council voted against the construction project. 
county
county
[Danh từ]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

quận, hạt

quận, hạt

Ex: The historic courthouse in the center of town serves as the administrative hub for the county. 
court
court
[Danh từ]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

tòa án, tòa

tòa án, tòa

Ex: As a witness in the trial, Sarah was required to testify under oath and answer questions posed by the attorneys in the court. 
diplomacy
diplomacy
[Danh từ]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

ngoại giao

ngoại giao

Ex: Effective diplomacy requires patience, cultural understanding, and compromise. 

Ngoại giao hiệu quả đòi hỏi sự kiên nhẫn, hiểu biết văn hóa và thỏa hiệp.

election
election
[Danh từ]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

bầu cử

bầu cử

Ex: Election campaigns often involve candidates presenting their platforms and engaging with voters through debates, rallies, and media outreach. 
to elect
to elect
[Động từ]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

bầu chọn, chọn bằng cách bỏ phiếu

Ex: The nation collectively decided to elect the candidate who promised positive change. 
embassy
embassy
[Danh từ]

the ambassador and other officials who officially represent a country in another country

đại sứ quán,  cơ quan đại diện ngoại giao

đại sứ quán, cơ quan đại diện ngoại giao

Ex: Officials from the embassy met with local authorities on Monday. 
government
government
[Danh từ]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

chính phủ, chính quyền

chính phủ, chính quyền

Ex: After the election, the new government promised to focus on reducing unemployment and increasing economic growth. 
local government
local government
[Danh từ]

the government of a city or town and not of a country

chính quyền địa phương, chính phủ địa phương

chính quyền địa phương, chính phủ địa phương

governor
governor
[Danh từ]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

thống đốc, người cai quản

thống đốc, người cai quản

Ex: She was elected as the governor of her region. 
law
law
[Danh từ]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

luật, pháp luật

luật, pháp luật

Ex: The police officer explained the traffic laws to the new driver. 
mayor
mayor
[Danh từ]

a person elected or chosen to lead the government of a town or city

thị trưởng,  thị trưởng

thị trưởng, thị trưởng

Ex: The mayor met with local business owners on Tuesday. 
parliament
parliament
[Danh từ]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

quốc hội

quốc hội

Ex: Members of parliament discussed the new environmental regulations in a heated session. 
party
party
[Danh từ]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

đảng, đảng phái chính trị

đảng, đảng phái chính trị

Ex: After winning a majority in the legislature, the party introduced sweeping reforms to address pressing societal issues. 
political
political
[Tính từ]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

chính trị

chính trị

Ex: The political landscape of the country shifted dramatically after the election. 

Bối cảnh chính trị của đất nước thay đổi đáng kể sau cuộc bầu cử.

president
president
[Danh từ]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

tổng thống, người đứng đầu nhà nước

tổng thống, người đứng đầu nhà nước

Ex: She was sworn in as the first female president of the country. 
public
public
[Danh từ]

a society's ordinary people

công chúng, dân chúng

công chúng, dân chúng

Ex: Media coverage plays a significant role in informing the public. 
punishment
punishment
[Danh từ]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

sự trừng phạt,  hình phạt

sự trừng phạt, hình phạt

Ex: The law allows punishment for anyone convicted of the offense. 
right
right
[Danh từ]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

quyền, đặc quyền

quyền, đặc quyền

Ex: The right to vote is fundamental in a democratic society. 
to arrest
to arrest
[Động từ]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

bắt giữ

bắt giữ

Ex: Law enforcement agencies may arrest individuals suspected of drug trafficking. 
to ban
to ban
[Động từ]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

cấm, ngăn cấm

cấm, ngăn cấm

Ex: The social media platform implemented a new policy to ban hate speech and discriminatory content. 
state
state
[Danh từ]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

bang, tiểu bang

bang, tiểu bang

Ex: Uttar Pradesh is the largest state in India by population, with a rich history and cultural heritage. 
to commit
to commit
[Động từ]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

phạm phải, thực hiện

phạm phải, thực hiện

Ex: The suspect was accused of committing a burglary by breaking into several homes in the neighborhood. 
to escape
to escape
[Động từ]

to get away from captivity

trốn thoát, bỏ trốn

trốn thoát, bỏ trốn

Ex: She has escaped from captivity more than once in her adventurous life. 
to investigate
to investigate
[Động từ]

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

điều tra,  khảo sát

điều tra, khảo sát

Ex: She was determined to investigate the incident until she uncovered the truth. 
to murder
to murder
[Động từ]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

giết người, sát hại

giết người, sát hại

Ex: In the court trial, the evidence pointed to the defendant's intention to murder. 
to punish
to punish
[Động từ]

to make someone suffer a penalty or unpleasant consequence for wrongdoing

trừng phạt, phạt

trừng phạt, phạt

Ex: The court punished the company with a substantial fine. 
to rule
to rule
[Động từ]

to control and be in charge of a country

cai trị, thống trị

cai trị, thống trị

Ex: The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist, suppressing dissent. 
thief
thief
[Danh từ]

a person who steals something that belongs to someone else

Ex: Daniel realized that a thief had broken into his apartment during the night. 
to vote
to vote
[Động từ]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

bỏ phiếu, bầu cử

bỏ phiếu, bầu cử

Ex: People often vote for their favorite contestants in reality shows. 
conference
conference
[Danh từ]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

hội nghị

hội nghị

Ex: She presented her research at a scientific conference last week. 
statement
statement
[Danh từ]

an official announcement regarding something specific

tuyên bố,  thông báo

tuyên bố, thông báo

Ex: The organization published a formal statement on its website. 
flag
flag
[Danh từ]

a piece of cloth or similar material bearing a distinctive design and used as a symbol, signal, or identifier

cờ,  lá cờ

cờ, lá cờ

Ex: Each country carried its flag during the opening parade. 
blood money
blood money
[Danh từ]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

tiền máu, giá máu

tiền máu, giá máu

to free
to free
[Động từ]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

giải phóng, thả ra

giải phóng, thả ra

Ex: After serving the sentence, the authorities agreed to free the prisoner. 
death penalty
death penalty
[Danh từ]

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

án tử hình, hình phạt tử hình

án tử hình, hình phạt tử hình

Ex: Many countries have abolished the death penalty. 

Nhiều quốc gia đã bãi bỏ án tử hình.

criminal
criminal
[Tính từ]

related to or involving illegal activities

hình sự, phạm tội

hình sự, phạm tội

Ex: The detective spent years studying criminal behavior to better understand the motives behind various crimes. 
criminal
criminal
[Danh từ]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

tội phạm, kẻ phạm tội

tội phạm, kẻ phạm tội

Ex: The criminal was sentenced to five years in prison. 
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