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B1级单词表 - 法律与政治

在这里,您将学习一些关于法律和政治的英语单词,例如“边界”、“议会”、“选举”等,为B1级学习者准备。

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
politics
[名词]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

政治

政治

Ex: The professor's lecture on American politics covered the historical evolution of its political parties. 
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candidate
candidate
[名词]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

候选人, 竞选者

候选人, 竞选者

Ex: The candidate promised to tackle climate change if elected. 
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border
border
[名词]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

边界, 边境

边界, 边境

Ex: The border patrol is responsible for monitoring and enforcing immigration laws along the country's borders. 
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Congress
Congress
[名词]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

国会, 立法机构

国会, 立法机构

Ex: The law was reviewed and approved by Congress. 
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council
council
[名词]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

议会, 委员会

议会, 委员会

Ex: The council proposed new environmental regulations. 
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county
county
[名词]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

县, 郡

县, 郡

Ex: Our county government provides essential services such as law enforcement, public education, and road maintenance. 
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court
court
[名词]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

法庭, 法院

法庭, 法院

Ex: The Supreme Court's decision set a legal precedent. 
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diplomacy
diplomacy
[名词]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

外交

外交

Ex: She pursued a career in diplomacy, working as an ambassador. 

她追求外交事业,担任大使。

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election
election
[名词]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

选举

选举

Ex: Voters lined up early to cast their ballots in the local elections. 
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to elect
to elect
[动词]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

选举, 通过投票选择

选举, 通过投票选择

Ex: The citizens of the country are electing new leaders who will shape the future. 
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embassy
embassy
[名词]

the ambassador and other officials who officially represent a country in another country

大使馆,  使馆

大使馆, 使馆

Ex: The French embassy helped Claire replace her lost passport. 
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government
government
[名词]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

政府, 行政

政府, 行政

Ex: In a democratic system, the government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections. 
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local government

the government of a city or town and not of a country

地方政府, 当地政府

地方政府, 当地政府

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governor
governor
[名词]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

州长, 统治者

州长, 统治者

Ex: He worked closely with the governor on infrastructure projects. 
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law
law
[名词]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

法律, 法

法律, 法

Ex: It's important to know your rights under the law. 
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mayor
mayor
[名词]

a person elected or chosen to lead the government of a town or city

Ex: Emma wrote a letter to the mayor about public transportation. 
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parliament
parliament
[名词]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

议会

议会

Ex: The opposition party criticized the government's policies during the parliament meeting. 
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party
party
[名词]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

党, 政党

党, 政党

Ex: Members of the party worked tirelessly to canvass neighborhoods and garner votes for their candidates. 
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political
political
[形容词]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

政治的

政治的

Ex: She pursued a career in political science to better understand the workings of government and public policy. 

她追求政治科学事业以更好地理解政府和公共政策的运作。

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president
president
[名词]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

总统, 国家元首

总统, 国家元首

Ex: The president's term in office lasts for four years. 
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public
public
[名词]

a society's ordinary people

公众, 大众

公众, 大众

Ex: The initiative aims to educate the public about environmental conservation. 
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punishment
punishment
[名词]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

惩罚,  处罚

惩罚, 处罚

Ex: Kevin admitted what he had done because he wanted to avoid further punishment. 
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right
right
[名词]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

权利, 特权

权利, 特权

Ex: Human rights include the right to life, liberty, and security. 
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to arrest
to arrest
[动词]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

逮捕

逮捕

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime. 
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to ban
to ban
[动词]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

禁止, 取缔

禁止, 取缔

Ex: The international community came together to ban the trade of ivory. 
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state
state
[名词]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

州, 国家

州, 国家

Ex: In Germany, each state, or "Bundesland," has its own government and legislative assembly, with authority over certain regional matters. 
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to commit
to commit
[动词]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

犯, 实施

犯, 实施

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes, including unauthorized access to sensitive information. 
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to escape
to escape
[动词]

to get away from captivity

逃跑, 逃脱

逃跑, 逃脱

Ex: The prisoners are escaping through a tunnel they've been digging. 
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to investigate

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

调查,  研究

调查, 研究

Ex: The company hired a private firm to investigate the allegations of fraud. 
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to murder
to murder
[动词]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

谋杀, 杀害

谋杀, 杀害

Ex: Last year, the criminal unexpectedly murdered an innocent bystander. 
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to punish
to punish
[动词]

to make someone suffer a penalty or unpleasant consequence for wrongdoing

惩罚, 处罚

惩罚, 处罚

Ex: Parents should explain the rules clearly before punishing a child for breaking them. 
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to rule
to rule
[动词]

to control and be in charge of a country

统治, 治理

统治, 治理

Ex: The president ruled the nation during a time of economic prosperity. 
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thief
thief
[名词]

a person who steals something that belongs to someone else

小偷,  盗贼

小偷, 盗贼

Ex: Police caught the thief leaving the store with several stolen phones. 
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to vote
to vote
[动词]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

投票, 表决

投票, 表决

Ex: He voted for the first time after turning eighteen. 
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conference
conference
[名词]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

会议

会议

Ex: Many universities organize conferences to promote academic collaboration. 
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statement
statement
[名词]

an official announcement regarding something specific

声明,  公告

声明, 公告

Ex: Officials released a statement confirming the closure. 
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flag
flag
[名词]

a piece of cloth or similar material bearing a distinctive design and used as a symbol, signal, or identifier

Ex: A red flag warned swimmers to stay out of the water. 
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blood money
blood money
[名词]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

血钱, 血酬

血钱, 血酬

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to free
to free
[动词]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

释放, 放出

释放, 放出

Ex: The activists worked tirelessly to free the wrongfully imprisoned man. 
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death penalty

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

死刑, 极刑

死刑, 极刑

Ex: The debate over the death penalty continues worldwide. 

关于死刑的辩论在全球范围内继续。

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criminal
criminal
[形容词]

related to or involving illegal activities

犯罪的, 刑事的

犯罪的, 刑事的

Ex: Legal procedures ensure that individuals accused of criminal conduct receive fair trials and due process. 
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criminal
criminal
[名词]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

罪犯, 犯罪分子

罪犯, 犯罪分子

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank. 
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