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Listahan ng mga Salita sa Antas B1 - Batas at Pulitika

Dito matututo ka ng ilang salitang Ingles tungkol sa batas at pulitika, tulad ng "hangganan", "konseho", "eleksyon", atbp., na inihanda para sa mga mag-aaral ng antas B1.

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
politics
[Pangngalan]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

politika

politika

Ex: After years of studying law and international relations, she decided to enter politics to make meaningful changes in her country. 
candidate
candidate
[Pangngalan]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

kandidato, kandidata

kandidato, kandidata

Ex: The candidate for mayor gave an inspiring speech at the rally. 
border
border
[Pangngalan]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

hangganan, borders

hangganan, borders

Ex: Diplomatic tensions can escalate when disputes arise over the delineation of borders between nations. 
Congress
Congress
[Pangngalan]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

Kongreso, Lehislatibong katawan

Kongreso, Lehislatibong katawan

Ex: Congress passed a new healthcare bill. 
council
council
[Pangngalan]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

sanggunian, konseho

sanggunian, konseho

Ex: She was elected to serve on the local council. 
county
county
[Pangngalan]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

lalawigan, kondado

lalawigan, kondado

Ex: The county fair is an annual event that draws people from all over the region to celebrate agriculture and community. 
court
court
[Pangngalan]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

hukuman, korte

hukuman, korte

Ex: In family court, judges handle matters such as divorce, child custody, and domestic violence disputes. 
diplomacy
diplomacy
[Pangngalan]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomasya

diplomasya

Ex: Diplomacy helped prevent the two nations from going to war. 
election
election
[Pangngalan]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

eleksyon

eleksyon

Ex: The upcoming election will determine the next leader of our country, shaping the direction of government policies and priorities. 
to elect
to elect
[Pandiwa]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

ihalal, pumili sa pamamagitan ng pagboto

ihalal, pumili sa pamamagitan ng pagboto

Ex: Citizens will elect a new mayor in the upcoming municipal elections. 
embassy
embassy
[Pangngalan]

the ambassador and the staff who represent their government in a foreign country

embahada, kinatawang diplomatiko

embahada, kinatawang diplomatiko

Ex: The embassy attended the peace conference as official representatives of their nation. 
government
government
[Pangngalan]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

pamahalaan, administrasyon

pamahalaan, administrasyon

Ex: The government implemented new policies to improve the country's healthcare system and make it more accessible to all citizens. 
local government
local government
[Pangngalan]

the government of a city or town and not of a country

pamahalaang lokal, lokal na pamahalaan

pamahalaang lokal, lokal na pamahalaan

governor
governor
[Pangngalan]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

gobernador, pinuno

gobernador, pinuno

Ex: The governor signed a new law for the state. 
law
law
[Pangngalan]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

batas, ley

batas, ley

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
mayor
mayor
[Pangngalan]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

alkalde, punong-lungsod

alkalde, punong-lungsod

Ex: The mayor announced new plans for public transportation. 
parliament
parliament
[Pangngalan]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlyamento

parlyamento

Ex: The parliament convened to debate the proposed healthcare reform bill. 
party
party
[Pangngalan]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

partido, partidong pampolitika

partido, partidong pampolitika

Ex: The political party held a rally to mobilize supporters and promote its platform ahead of the upcoming election. 
political
political
[pang-uri]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

pampulitika

pampulitika

Ex: Political debates often revolve around issues such as taxation, healthcare, and national security. 
president
president
[Pangngalan]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

pangulo, pinuno ng estado

pangulo, pinuno ng estado

Ex: The president addressed the nation in a televised speech. 
public
public
[Pangngalan]

a society's ordinary people

publiko, mga tao

publiko, mga tao

Ex: The politician promised to serve the interests of the public. 
punishment
punishment
[Pangngalan]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

parusa, paghihirap

parusa, paghihirap

Ex: The judge handed down a severe punishment to the convicted criminal, sentencing them to several years in prison. 
right
right
[Pangngalan]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

karapatan, pribilehiyo

karapatan, pribilehiyo

Ex: Everyone has the right to free speech. 
to arrest
to arrest
[Pandiwa]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arestuhin

arestuhin

Ex: The police officer decided to arrest the suspect after gathering sufficient evidence. 
to ban
to ban
[Pandiwa]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

ipagbawal, bawalan

ipagbawal, bawalan

Ex: Certain fishing practices were banned to protect endangered marine species. 
state
state
[Pangngalan]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

estado, Estado

estado, Estado

Ex: California is the most populous state in the United States, known for its diverse culture and economy. 
to commit
to commit
[Pandiwa]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

gumawa, isagawa

gumawa, isagawa

Ex: He was arrested for attempting to commit fraud by falsifying financial documents. 
to escape
to escape
[Pandiwa]

to get away from captivity

tumakas, makatakas

tumakas, makatakas

Ex: Every day, the prisoners plan how to escape from their cells. 
to investigate

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

imbestigahan,  siyasatin

imbestigahan, siyasatin

Ex: The police were called to investigate the suspicious death. 
to murder
to murder
[Pandiwa]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

pumatay, pagpaslang

pumatay, pagpaslang

Ex: The prosecutor accused the defendant of plotting to murder the victim. 
to punish
to punish
[Pandiwa]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

parusahan, patawan ng parusa

parusahan, patawan ng parusa

Ex: The court decided to punish the thief with a prison sentence for stealing. 
to rule
to rule
[Pandiwa]

to control and be in charge of a country

pamahalaan, maghari

pamahalaan, maghari

Ex: The monarch ruled the kingdom with absolute authority. 
thief
thief
[Pangngalan]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

magnanakaw, kawatan

magnanakaw, kawatan

Ex: The thief was caught on camera as he sneaked into the store and took a handful of electronics. 
to vote
to vote
[Pandiwa]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

bumoto, maghalal

bumoto, maghalal

Ex: Citizens regularly vote in elections to choose their representatives. 
conference
conference
[Pangngalan]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

kumperensya

kumperensya

Ex: The annual tech conference attracts thousands of professionals from around the world. 
statement
statement
[Pangngalan]

an official announcement regarding something specific

pahayag,  anunsyo

pahayag, anunsyo

flag
flag
[Pangngalan]

a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

bandila, watawat

bandila, watawat

Ex: The American flag was raised during the ceremony. 
blood money
blood money
[Pangngalan]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

perang dugo, halaga ng dugo

perang dugo, halaga ng dugo

to free
to free
[Pandiwa]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

palayain, pakawalan

palayain, pakawalan

Ex: The police decided to free the suspect due to a lack of evidence. 
death penalty
death penalty
[Pangngalan]

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

parusang kamatayan, sentensyang kamatayan

parusang kamatayan, sentensyang kamatayan

Ex: The court sentenced him to the death penalty. 
criminal
criminal
[pang-uri]

related to or involving illegal activities

kriminal, salarin

kriminal, salarin

Ex: The new law aims to reduce criminal activity by increasing penalties for repeat offenders. 
criminal
criminal
[Pangngalan]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

kriminal, salarin

kriminal, salarin

Ex: The police arrested the criminal after a long investigation. 
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