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Lista de Palabras Nivel B1 - Derecho y Política

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre derecho y política, como "border", "council", "ballot", etc. preparadas para estudiantes de B1.

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CEFR B1 Vocabulary
politics
politics
[Sustantivo]

a set of ideas and activities involved in governing a country, state, or city

política

política

Ex: Understanding the complex landscape of global politics is crucial for anyone aspiring to work in diplomacy. 

Comprender el complejo panorama de la política global es crucial para cualquiera que aspire a trabajar en la diplomacia.

candidate
candidate
[Sustantivo]

someone who is competing in an election or for a job position

candidato

candidato

Ex: He is the leading candidate in the race for the university's student president. 

Él es el candidato principal en la carrera por la presidencia estudiantil de la universidad.

border
border
[Sustantivo]

a line that separates two countries, provinces, or states from each other

frontera

frontera

Ex: The fence marks the border between the two properties, ensuring clear demarcation. 

La valla marca la frontera entre las dos propiedades, asegurando una demarcación clara.

Congress
Congress
[Sustantivo]

the legislative body of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives

congreso

congreso

Ex: Congress debated the proposed budget for weeks. 

El Congreso debatió el presupuesto propuesto durante semanas.

council
council
[Sustantivo]

a group of elected people who govern a city, town, etc.

concejo municipal

concejo municipal

Ex: The council members debated the housing plan. 

Los miembros del consejo debatieron el plan de vivienda.

county
county
[Sustantivo]

(in the US) one of the areas into which a state is divided and has a local government of its own

condado

condado

Ex: The historic courthouse in the center of town serves as the administrative hub for the county. 

El histórico palacio de justicia en el centro de la ciudad sirve como el centro administrativo del condado.

court
court
[Sustantivo]

the place in which legal proceedings are conducted

tribunal

tribunal

Ex: The court issued a verdict after carefully considering the evidence. 

El tribunal emitió un veredicto después de considerar cuidadosamente la evidencia.

diplomacy
diplomacy
[Sustantivo]

the job, skill, or act of managing the relationships between different countries

diplomacia

diplomacia

Ex: Effective diplomacy requires patience, cultural understanding, and compromise. 

La diplomacia efectiva requiere paciencia, comprensión cultural y compromiso.

election
election
[Sustantivo]

the process in which people choose a person or group of people for a position, particularly a political one, through voting

elecciones

elecciones

Ex: Election results are announced after votes are counted, and winners are declared based on the majority or plurality of votes received. 

Los resultados de la elección se anuncian después de contar los votos, y los ganadores se declaran en función de la mayoría o pluralidad de votos recibidos.

to elect
to elect
[Verbo]

to choose a person for a specific job, particularly a political one, by voting

elegir

elegir

Ex: Voters have the responsibility to elect representatives who align with their values. 

Los votantes tienen la responsabilidad de elegir a representantes que se alineen con sus valores.

embassy
embassy
[Sustantivo]

the ambassador and the staff who represent their government in a foreign country

embajada

embajada

Ex: Several members of the embassy were recalled after the negotiations failed. 

Varios miembros de la embajada fueron retirados después de que fracasaran las negociaciones.

government
government
[Sustantivo]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

gobierno

gobierno

Ex: The government is responsible for ensuring that laws are followed and citizens' rights are protected. 

El gobierno es responsable de asegurar que se cumplan las leyes y que se protejan los derechos de los ciudadanos.

local government
local government
[Sustantivo]

the government of a city or town and not of a country

gobierno local

gobierno local

governor
governor
[Sustantivo]

a person who is in charge of a state, region, or territory

gobernador

gobernador

Ex: The governor visited schools to discuss education reforms. 

El gobernador visitó escuelas para discutir las reformas educativas.

law
law
[Sustantivo]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

ley

ley

Ex: They studied constitutional law in law school. 

Estudiaron derecho constitucional en la facultad de derecho.

mayor
mayor
[Sustantivo]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

alcalde

alcalde

Ex: The mayor attended the opening ceremony of the new park. 

El alcalde asistió a la ceremonia de inauguración del nuevo parque.

parliament
parliament
[Sustantivo]

the group of elected representatives whose responsibility is to create, amend, and discuss laws or address political matters

parlamento

parlamento

Ex: The prime minister addressed parliament on the country's economic challenges. 

El primer ministro se dirigió al parlamento sobre los desafíos económicos del país.

party
party
[Sustantivo]

an official political group with shared beliefs, goals, and policies aiming to be a part of or form a government

partido

partido

Ex: After winning a majority in the legislature, the party introduced sweeping reforms to address pressing societal issues. 

Después de ganar una mayoría en la legislatura, el partido introdujo reformas radicales para abordar problemas sociales apremiantes.

political
political
[Adjetivo]

related to or involving the governance of a country or territory

político

político

Ex: The political landscape of the country shifted dramatically after the election. 

El panorama político del país cambió drásticamente después de las elecciones.

president
president
[Sustantivo]

the leader of a country that has no king or queen

presidente

presidente

Ex: The president signed the new legislation into law. 

El presidente firmó la nueva legislación para convertirla en ley.

public
public
[Sustantivo]

a society's ordinary people

público

público

Ex: The company's mission is to ensure that its products are accessible to the general public. 

La misión de la empresa es asegurar que sus productos sean accesibles para el público general.

punishment
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

castigo

castigo

Ex: The school implemented a new policy of restorative justice, focusing on rehabilitation rather than punishment for student misbehavior. 

La escuela implementó una nueva política de justicia restaurativa, centrándose en la rehabilitación en lugar de en el castigo por el mal comportamiento de los estudiantes.

right
right
[Sustantivo]

a thing that someone is legally, officially, or morally allowed to do or have

legítimo

legítimo

Ex: She fought for her right to receive equal pay for equal work. 

Ella luchó por su derecho a recibir igual salario por igual trabajo.

to arrest
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime. 

Las autoridades tienen el poder de arrestar a quienes son sorprendidos en el acto de cometer un crimen.

to ban
to ban
[Verbo]

to officially forbid a particular action, item, or practice

prohibir

prohibir

Ex: The company decided to ban smoking in all of its office buildings to promote a healthier work environment. 

La empresa decidió prohibir fumar en todos sus edificios de oficinas para promover un entorno de trabajo más saludable.

state
state
[Sustantivo]

one of the political areas with limited law-making abilities that together form a federal country, like those of Germany or the US

estado

estado

Ex: Uttar Pradesh is the largest state in India by population, with a rich history and cultural heritage. 

Uttar Pradesh es el estado más grande de la India por población, con una rica historia y patrimonio cultural.

to commit
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: She admitted to committing perjury during the trial by providing false testimony under oath. 

Ella admitió cometer perjurio durante el juicio al proporcionar un testimonio falso bajo juramento.

to escape
to escape
[Verbo]

to get away from captivity

escaparse de

escaparse de

Ex: She has escaped from captivity more than once in her adventurous life. 

Ella se ha escapado del cautiverio más de una vez en su vida aventurera.

to investigate

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

investigar

investigar

Ex: She was determined to investigate the incident until she uncovered the truth. 

Ella estaba decidida a investigar el incidente hasta descubrir la verdad.

to murder
to murder
[Verbo]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

asesinar, matar

asesinar, matar

Ex: The suspect was arrested and charged with attempting to murder a fellow inmate. 

El sospechoso fue arrestado y acusado de intentar asesinar a un compañero de celda.

to punish
to punish
[Verbo]

to cause someone suffering for breaking the law or having done something they should not have

castigar

castigar

Ex: Speeding drivers are often punished with fines to discourage traffic violations. 

Los conductores que exceden los límites de velocidad a menudo son castigados con multas para disuadir las infracciones de tránsito.

to rule
to rule
[Verbo]

to control and be in charge of a country

gobernar

gobernar

Ex: The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist, suppressing dissent. 

El dictador gobernaba el país con mano de hierro, reprimiendo la disidencia.

thief
thief
[Sustantivo]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: After years of stealing from his coworkers, the thief was finally exposed and fired from his job. 

Después de años de robar a sus compañeros de trabajo, el ladrón finalmente fue expuesto y despedido de su trabajo.

to vote
to vote
[Verbo]

to show which candidate one wants to win in an election or which plan one supports, by marking a piece of paper, raising one's hand, etc.

votar

votar

Ex: Yesterday, she enthusiastically voted for her preferred candidate. 

Ayer, ella votó con entusiasmo por su candidato preferido.

conference
conference
[Sustantivo]

an official meeting where a group of people discuss a certain matter, which often continues for days

conferencia

conferencia

Ex: The company is hosting a conference to launch its new product line. 

La empresa está organizando una conferencia para lanzar su nueva línea de productos.

statement
statement
[Sustantivo]

an official announcement regarding something specific

declaración

declaración

flag
flag
[Sustantivo]

a piece of cloth with a mark or pattern that stands for a country, organization, etc.

bandera

bandera

Ex: The UN flag flew outside the headquarters. 

La bandera de la ONU ondeaba fuera de la sede.

blood money
blood money
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money given by law to the close relatives of a murdered victim

dinero de sangre, precio de la sangre

dinero de sangre, precio de la sangre

to free
to free
[Verbo]

to release someone from captivity or arrest

liberar

liberar

Ex: The captors finally chose to free the hostages unharmed. 

Los captores finalmente decidieron liberar a los rehenes ilesos.

death penalty
death penalty
[Sustantivo]

the punishment of killing a criminal, which is officially ordered by a court

pena de muerte, condena a muerte

pena de muerte, condena a muerte

Ex: Many countries have abolished the death penalty. 

Muchos países han abolido la pena de muerte.

criminal
criminal
[Adjetivo]

related to or involving illegal activities

criminal

criminal

Ex: The suspect was arrested and charged with several criminal offenses. 

El sospechoso fue arrestado y acusado de varios delitos penales.

criminal
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: He became a wanted criminal after escaping from custody. 

Se convirtió en un criminal buscado después de escapar de la custodia.

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