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Humanidades SAT - Historia y Arqueología

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la historia y la arqueología, como "excavate", "antiquity", "relic", etc., que necesitarás para aprobar tus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
Renaissance
[Sustantivo]

the period between the 14th and 16th centuries in Europe, marked by a rise of interest in Greek and Roman cultures, which is dominant in the art, philosophy, etc. of the times

Renacimiento

Renacimiento

Ex: Florence is often considered the birthplace of the Renaissance due to its flourishing cultural and artistic environment .Florencia es considerada a menudo como la cuna del **Renacimiento** debido a su próspero entorno cultural y artístico.
antiquity
[Sustantivo]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

antigüedad

antigüedad

Ex: The decline of the Roman Empire marked the end of antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages , as Europe entered a period of political fragmentation and cultural change .El declive del Imperio Romano marcó el fin de la **Antigüedad** y el comienzo de la Edad Media, cuando Europa entró en un período de fragmentación política y cambio cultural.
pre-industrial
[Adjetivo]

relating to the period of time before the widespread adoption of industrial processes and technologies

preindustrial, antes de la era industrial

preindustrial, antes de la era industrial

Ex: Pre-industrial transportation relied heavily on animal power , carts , and boats for long-distance travel and trade .El transporte **preindustrial** dependía en gran medida de la fuerza animal, los carros y los barcos para los viajes y el comercio de larga distancia.
contemporary
[Adjetivo]

belonging to the current era

contemporáneo

contemporáneo

Ex: Her novel explores contemporary issues that parallel ongoing social changes .Su novela explora problemas **contemporáneos** que paralelan los cambios sociales en curso.
mesopotamia
[Sustantivo]

an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean, primarily within modern-day Iraq, and parts of Iran, Syria, and Turkey

Mesopotamia, la Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia, la Mesopotamia

Ex: The epic of Gilgamesh, one of the oldest known literary works, originated in ancient Mesopotamia.La epopeya de Gilgamesh, una de las obras literarias más antiguas conocidas, se originó en la antigua **Mesopotamia**.
clay tablet
[Sustantivo]

a small, flat piece of clay that has been molded and hardened, typically used as a medium for writing or inscribing information in ancient civilizations

tablilla de arcilla, tableta de arcilla

tablilla de arcilla, tableta de arcilla

Ex: The clay tablet found in the ruins of the temple contained instructions for rituals and offerings to be performed by the priests .La **tablilla de arcilla** encontrada en las ruinas del templo contenía instrucciones para los rituales y ofrendas que debían realizar los sacerdotes.
hieroglyph
[Sustantivo]

a system of writing used in ancient Egypt, consisting of pictorial symbols or characters that represent objects, ideas, or sounds, and were commonly used for inscriptions on temple walls, tombs, and other monumental structures

jeroglífico, carácter jeroglífico

jeroglífico, carácter jeroglífico

to predate
[Verbo]

to exist or occur at an earlier time than something else

preceder, antedatar

preceder, antedatar

Ex: Early forms of currency predate modern monetary systems.Las primeras formas de moneda **preceden** a los sistemas monetarios modernos.
monument
[Sustantivo]

a place or building that is historically important

monumento

monumento

Ex: The Taj Mahal is a stunning monument built in memory of Emperor Shah Jahan ’s beloved wife , Mumtaz Mahal .El Taj Mahal es un **monumento** impresionante construido en memoria de la amada esposa del emperador Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal.
relic
[Sustantivo]

an object or part of an object surviving from the past, typically with historical or emotional value, often linked to a person, event, or era

reliquia

reliquia

Ex: The worn-out baseball glove , a relic from my youth , brings back memories of summer games with my friends .El guante de béisbol gastado, una **reliquia** de mi juventud, trae recuerdos de juegos de verano con mis amigos.
catacomb
[Sustantivo]

an underground burial place with tunnels and chambers for tombs or graves

catacumba

catacumba

Ex: The catacombs provided a peaceful resting place for the deceased away from the surface .Las **catacumbas** proporcionaban un lugar de descanso pacífico para los fallecidos lejos de la superficie.
to mummify
[Verbo]

to preserve a dead body by treating it with chemicals or natural substances to prevent decay

momificar, embalsamar

momificar, embalsamar

Ex: Mummifying a body required careful preparation and specialized knowledge of anatomy .**Momificar** un cuerpo requería una preparación cuidadosa y un conocimiento especializado de anatomía.
alchemy
[Sustantivo]

the ancient practice of trying to turn common metals into gold

alquimia

alquimia

Ex: In his quest for wealth , the medieval scientist dedicated years to the art of alchemy, hoping to produce gold .En su búsqueda de riqueza, el científico medieval dedicó años al arte de la **alquimia**, con la esperanza de producir oro.
scribe
[Sustantivo]

a person who writes copies of documents by hand

escriba

escriba

Ex: The scribe carefully transcribed the old , fading manuscripts to preserve their contents for future generations .El **escriba** transcribió cuidadosamente los antiguos manuscritos que se estaban desvaneciendo para preservar su contenido para las generaciones futuras.
ancestral
[Adjetivo]

related to or inherited from one's ancestors

ancestral, hereditario

ancestral, hereditario

Ex: The tribal elders shared stories of their ancestral heroes and legends .Los ancianos de la tribu compartieron historias de sus héroes **ancestrales** y leyendas.
ancient
[Adjetivo]

related or belonging to a period of history that is long gone

antiguo

antiguo

Ex: The museum housed artifacts from ancient Egypt, including pottery and jewelry.El museo albergaba artefactos del **antiguo Egipto**, incluyendo cerámica y joyería.
genealogy
[Sustantivo]

the study of family lineages and the history of descent

genealogía

genealogía

Ex: Genealogy websites and DNA tests have become popular tools for individuals interested in exploring their family history .Los sitios web de **genealogía** y las pruebas de ADN se han convertido en herramientas populares para las personas interesadas en explorar su historia familiar.
epoch
[Sustantivo]

a period of time in history or someone's life, during which significant events happen

época

época

Ex: The Civil Rights Movement was an epoch of profound social change and progress in the United States .El movimiento por los derechos civiles fue una **época** de profundo cambio social y progreso en los Estados Unidos.
provenance
[Sustantivo]

the origin or source of a particular thing

procedencia, origen

procedencia, origen

Ex: Historians study the provenance of manuscripts to understand their historical significance .Los historiadores estudian la **procedencia** de los manuscritos para entender su importancia histórica.
medievalist
[Sustantivo]

a scholar or researcher who specializes in the study of the Middle Ages

medievalista, especialista en la Edad Media

medievalista, especialista en la Edad Media

Ex: The medievalist's expertise in medieval law provided valuable insights into legal practices during the Middle Ages .La experiencia del **medievalista** en derecho medieval proporcionó valiosos conocimientos sobre las prácticas legales durante la Edad Media.
archeologist
[Sustantivo]

a person whose job is to study ancient societies using facts, objects, buildings, etc. remaining in excavation sites

arqueólogo

arqueólogo

preservationist
[Sustantivo]

a person who advocates or works to protect and maintain natural, historical, or cultural resources from decay, destruction, or neglect

conservacionista, preservacionista

conservacionista, preservacionista

Ex: He dedicated his career as a preservationist to safeguarding the region 's natural landscapes .Dedicó su carrera como **preservacionista** a salvaguardar los paisajes naturales de la región.
paleontologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies fossils and ancient life forms to understand the history of life on earth

paleontólogo

paleontólogo

Ex: The museum exhibit featured findings from the fieldwork of renowned paleontologists.La exposición del museo presentó hallazgos del trabajo de campo de renombrados **paleontólogos**.
paleobiologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies ancient life forms, their evolution, behaviors, habitats, and interactions with the environment through the analysis of fossils and other remnants of past life

paleobiólogo, científico que estudia las formas de vida antiguas

paleobiólogo, científico que estudia las formas de vida antiguas

Ex: The paleobiologist analyzed microfossils to understand climate changes during the Pleistocene era .El **paleobiólogo** analizó microfósiles para comprender los cambios climáticos durante la era del Pleistoceno.
cryptographer
[Sustantivo]

a specialist who studies and develops systems for secure communication and information protection

criptógrafo, especialista en criptografía

criptógrafo, especialista en criptografía

Ex: The government hired cryptographers to decode intercepted messages during wartime .El gobierno contrató a **criptógrafos** para descifrar mensajes interceptados durante la guerra.
artifact
[Sustantivo]

a man-made object, tool, weapon, etc. that was created in the past and holds historical or cultural significance

artefacto

artefacto

Ex: This artifact, a beautifully carved statue , was a significant find that helped date the historical site .Este **artefacto**, una estatua bellamente tallada, fue un hallazgo significativo que ayudó a fechar el sitio histórico.

to uncover or expose by digging, especially to reveal buried artifacts, structures, or remains

excavar

excavar

Ex: The archaeologists excavated the ruins of an old castle , revealing hidden chambers and artifacts .Los arqueólogos **excavaron** las ruinas de un antiguo castillo, revelando cámaras ocultas y artefactos.
radiocarbon dating
[Sustantivo]

a method used by scientists to determine the age of organic materials by measuring the amount of carbon-14 they contain

datación por radiocarbono, datación por carbono 14

datación por radiocarbono, datación por carbono 14

Ex: Advances in radiocarbon dating have revolutionized the study of prehistoric cultures and environmental history .Los avances en la **datación por radiocarbono** han revolucionado el estudio de las culturas prehistóricas y la historia ambiental.
paleolithic
[Sustantivo]

a prehistoric period characterized by the development of the first stone tools, spanning from about 2.5 million years ago to around 10,000 years ago

paleolítico, edad de piedra antigua

paleolítico, edad de piedra antigua

Ex: Artifacts from the Paleolithic era, such as flint knives and axes, are displayed in the museum's prehistoric exhibit.Artefactos de la era **paleolítica**, como cuchillos y hachas de pedernal, se exhiben en la exposición prehistórica del museo.
prehistoric
[Adjetivo]

relating or belonging to the time before history was recorded

prehistórico

prehistórico

Ex: Researchers use carbon dating to determine the age of prehistoric artifacts .Los investigadores utilizan la datación por carbono para determinar la edad de los artefactos **prehistóricos**.
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