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Humanidades SAT - Ley y Obligaciones

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con las leyes y las obligaciones, como "affidávit", "felony", "judicial", etc., que necesitará para aprobar sus exámenes SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
proceeding
[Sustantivo]

the formal process or legal action taken within a court to resolve a dispute, administer justice, etc.

proceso judicial, procedimiento judicial

proceso judicial, procedimiento judicial

Ex: The proceeding addressed complaints regarding environmental violations by the company .
provision
[Sustantivo]

an agreed-upon condition or requirement outlined in an agreement, law, or document

estipulación, disposición

estipulación, disposición

affidavit
[Sustantivo]

a written statement affirmed by oath that can be used as evidence in court

afidávit

afidávit

Ex: Falsifying information in affidavit can result in serious legal consequences , including perjury charges .
testimony
[Sustantivo]

a formal statement saying something is true, particularly made by a witness in court

testimonio, declaración

testimonio, declaración

ruling
[Sustantivo]

a decision made by someone with official power, particularly a judge

resolución

resolución

felony
[Sustantivo]

a serious crime such as arson, murder, rape, etc.

crimen

crimen

parole
[Sustantivo]

(law) the permission for a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their imprisonment sentence, on the condition of good conduct

libertad condicional, libertad bajo palabra

libertad condicional, libertad bajo palabra

penalty
[Sustantivo]

a punishment given for breaking a rule, law, or legal agreement

castigo

castigo

libel
[Sustantivo]

a written statement in a legal case, outlining the harmful statements made against someone and what they seek from the court

libelo, escrito difamatorio

libelo, escrito difamatorio

trustee
[Sustantivo]

a person or group of people who control the property or money that belongs to another person

fideicomisario

fideicomisario

offender
[Sustantivo]

a person who commits a crime

delincuente

delincuente

verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

acquittal
[Sustantivo]

an official judgment in court of law that declares someone not guilty of the crime they were charged with

absolución, exculpación

absolución, exculpación

Ex: Following acquittal, the defendant was released from custody and allowed to resume their normal life .
penitentiary
[Sustantivo]

a prison or correctional facility where individuals convicted of serious crimes are confined and undergo rehabilitation

penitenciaría, reformatrio

penitenciaría, reformatrio

reformatory
[Sustantivo]

an institution designed to reform or rehabilitate young offenders rather than simply punish them

reformatorio, centro de reeducación

reformatorio, centro de reeducación

statutory
[Adjetivo]

according to or allowed by law

estatutario, reglamentario

estatutario, reglamentario

judicial
[Adjetivo]

belonging or appropriate for a court, a judge, or the administration of justice

judicial

judicial

indeterminate
[Adjetivo]

(of a judicial sentence) establishing a range of time within which the offender will serve their sentence, with the possibility of early release

sentencia indeterminada, pena indeterminada

sentencia indeterminada, pena indeterminada

to indict
[Verbo]

to officially accuse a person of a crime

acusar

acusar

to banish
[Verbo]

to force someone to leave a country, often as a form of punishment or to keep them away

desterrar, exiliar

desterrar, exiliar

to exile
[Verbo]

to force someone to live away from their native country, usually due to political reasons or as a punishment

exiliar

exiliar

to outlaw
[Verbo]

to officially state that something is illegal

prohibir

prohibir

to officially give permission for a specific action, process, etc.

autorizar

autorizar

to enact
[Verbo]

to approve a proposed law

promulgar

promulgar

to convict
[Verbo]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

condenar

condenar

to execute
[Verbo]

to kill someone, especially as a legal penalty

ejecutar

ejecutar

to try to charge someone officially with a crime in a court as the lawyer of the accuser

procesar

procesar

to officially resolve a disagreement between people

arbitrar

arbitrar

Ex: The parents asked their older child arbitrate the argument between their younger siblings .

a legally binding contract between parties, typically individuals or businesses, that outlines confidential information that the parties agree not to disclose to others

acuerdo de confidencialidad, contrato de no divulgación

acuerdo de confidencialidad, contrato de no divulgación

Ex: Before entering into negotiations , both parties agreed to sign non-disclosure agreement.
confidentiality
[Sustantivo]

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

confidencialidad, secreto profesional

confidencialidad, secreto profesional

Ex: The therapist assured the client of confidentiality during counseling sessions to foster trust .
obligation
[Sustantivo]

an action that one must perform because they are legally or morally forced to do so

obligación

obligación

infraction
[Sustantivo]

the act of breaking or not obeying a law, agreement, etc.

infracción

infracción

inviolable
[Adjetivo]

unable to be broken or dishonored, often due to its importance or protection by law or custom

inviolable, sagrado

inviolable, sagrado

to exempt
[Verbo]

to officially excuse someone from a requirement or obligation

eximir

eximir

to commit
[Verbo]

to state that one is bound to do something specific

comprometerse a

comprometerse a

to entrust
[Verbo]

to give someone the responsibility of taking care of something important, such as a task, duty, or information

confiar, encargar

confiar, encargar

to pledge
[Verbo]

to make a binding agreement

comprometer, prometer

comprometer, prometer

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