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El libro Street Talk 2 - Una Mirada Más Cercana 2: Lección 4

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Street Talk 2
vibrato
[Sustantivo]

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

vibrato, temblor

vibrato, temblor

Ex: Vibrato is a fundamental technique for string players, enhancing the richness and expressiveness of their performances.El **vibrato** es una técnica fundamental para los instrumentistas de cuerda, que mejora la riqueza y expresividad de sus interpretaciones.
virtuoso
[Sustantivo]

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

virtuoso

virtuoso

Ex: The virtuoso's encore performance brought the crowd to their feet , applauding the masterful display of musical prowess .La actuación de bis del **virtuoso** puso al público de pie, aplaudiendo la exhibición magistral de destreza musical.
ad hoc
[Adverbio]

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

ad hoc

ad hoc

Ex: The rules were modified ad hoc to suit the unique circumstances of the competition.Las reglas fueron modificadas **ad hoc** para adaptarse a las circunstancias únicas de la competencia.
ad infinitum
[Adverbio]

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

hasta el infinito

hasta el infinito

Ex: The loop in the code executed ad infinitum, causing a system crash .El bucle en el código se ejecutó **ad infinitum**, causando un fallo del sistema.
to ad lib
[Verbo]

to say or perform something spontaneously without prior preparation

ad nauseam
[Adverbio]

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

hasta la saciedad, hasta el cansancio

hasta la saciedad, hasta el cansancio

Ex: The details were examined ad nauseam, leading to frustration among the team .Los detalles fueron examinados **ad nauseam**, lo que llevó a la frustración entre el equipo.
alma mater
[Sustantivo]

the university, college, or school that one used to study at

alma mater

alma mater

Ex: The alma mater's new scholarship program aims to support underprivileged students .El nuevo programa de becas de la **alma mater** tiene como objetivo apoyar a los estudiantes desfavorecidos.
alter ego
[Sustantivo]

one's other personality, particularly one that greatly differs from what one often shows

alter ego

alter ego

alumnus
[Sustantivo]

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

exalumno

exalumno

Ex: The university 's newsletter features stories about notable alumni, celebrating their achievements and contributions to society .El boletín de la universidad presenta historias sobre **exalumnos** notables, celebrando sus logros y contribuciones a la sociedad.
a.m.
[Adverbio]

between midnight and noon

de la mañana

de la mañana

Ex: The gardening store opens at 8 a.m. on weekends.La tienda de jardinería abre a las 8 **a.m.** los fines de semana.
p.m.
[Adverbio]

after noon and before midnight

de la tarde, de la noche

de la tarde, de la noche

Ex: The restaurant stops serving dinner at 11 p.m.El restaurante deja de servir la cena a las 11 **p.m.**
bona fide
[Adjetivo]

genuine and not fake

auténtico

auténtico

Ex: The historian provided bona fide evidence to support his groundbreaking theory .El historiador proporcionó evidencia **bona fide** para respaldar su teoría innovadora.
platonic
[Adjetivo]

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

platónico

platónico

Ex: Their friendship was based on a platonic affection for each other .Su amistad se basaba en un afecto **platónico** mutuo.
stoic
[Adjetivo]

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

estoico

estoico

Ex: His stoic demeanor helped him handle the stressful situation .Su actitud **estoica** lo ayudó a manejar la situación estresante.
thespian
[Sustantivo]

an actor or actress who performs on stage or in film

typhoon
[Sustantivo]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

tifón

tifón

Ex: Preparation for typhoons includes securing loose objects and stocking up on emergency supplies like food and water .La preparación para los **tifones** incluye asegurar objetos sueltos y abastecerse de suministros de emergencia como alimentos y agua.
a capella
[Adjetivo]

sung without instrumental accompaniment

a capela

a capela

accelerando
[Adverbio]

with increasing speed

acelerando

acelerando

agitator
[Sustantivo]

one who agitates; a political troublemaker

agitador, alborotador

agitador, alborotador

al dente
[Adjetivo]

(of food, particularly pasta) cooked just enough to still have a firm texture when bitten into, without being overly soft or mushy

al dente

al dente

allegretto
[Adverbio]

in a moderately quick tempo

allegretto

allegretto

allegro
[Sustantivo]

a brisk and lively tempo

allegro, tempo allegro

allegro, tempo allegro

andante
[Adjetivo]

(of tempo) moderately slow

andante (moderadamente lento)

andante (moderadamente lento)

aria
[Sustantivo]

a long, elaborate song that is melodious and is intended for a solo voice, especially in an opera

aria

aria

arpeggio
[Sustantivo]

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

arpegio

arpegio

Ex: Jazz improvisation often involves using arpeggios to navigate through chord progressions with fluidity and creativity .La improvisación de jazz a menudo implica el uso de **arpegios** para navegar a través de las progresiones de acordes con fluidez y creatividad.
tempo
[Sustantivo]

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

tempo, ritmo

tempo, ritmo

Ex: In classical music , tempo changes are often used to add variety to a performance .En la música clásica, los cambios de **tempo** se utilizan a menudo para añadir variedad a una interpretación.
cantata
[Sustantivo]

a musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text

cantata

cantata

cappuccino
[Sustantivo]

a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

capuchino

capuchino

Ex: The café offers a variety of cappuccino options , including flavored syrups and alternative milk choices .El café ofrece una variedad de opciones de **cappuccino**, incluyendo jarabes con sabor y opciones de leche alternativa.
coloratura
[Sustantivo]

a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

coloratura, soprano coloratura

coloratura, soprano coloratura

Ex: The coloratura's performance in the ensemble piece added a shimmering brilliance to the overall sound , her agile voice dancing above the other singers with grace and precision .La actuación de la **coloratura** en la pieza de conjunto añadió un brillo reluciente al sonido general, su voz ágil bailando por encima de los otros cantantes con gracia y precisión.

lively with spirit

allegro con spirito, alegre con espíritu

allegro con spirito, alegre con espíritu

contralto
[Sustantivo]

a female singer with the lowest singing voice

contralto

contralto

crescendo
[Adjetivo]

(music) gradually increasing in volume

crescendo,  en crescendo

crescendo, en crescendo

diminuendo
[Adjetivo]

(music) gradually decreasing in volume

diminuendo

diminuendo

falsetto
[Sustantivo]

a singer that uses a male singing voice that extends over the range of a tenor voice

falsete, voz de falsete

falsete, voz de falsete

forte
[Adjetivo]

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

forte

forte

Ex: The brass section's forte entrance in the jazz ensemble brought a burst of excitement and vigor to the piece.La entrada **forte** de la sección de metales en el conjunto de jazz aportó una explosión de emoción y vigor a la pieza.
fortissimo
[Adjetivo]

(chiefly a direction or description in music) very loud and strong

fortissimo (muy fuerte y potente)

fortissimo (muy fuerte y potente)

glissando
[Adverbio]

(musical direction) in the manner of a glissando (with a rapidly executed series of notes)

en glissando

en glissando

grave
[Adjetivo]

serious and solemn in manner or character

grave

grave

Ex: In times of war , soldiers often wear grave expressions , fully aware of the dangers they face .En tiempos de guerra, los soldados a menudo llevan expresiones **graves**, plenamente conscientes de los peligros que enfrentan.
incognito
[Adverbio]

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

incógnito, bajo un nombre falso

incógnito, bajo un nombre falso

Ex: They dined incognito in a small café to enjoy the evening peacefully.Cenaron **incógnito** en un pequeño café para disfrutar de la noche en paz.
larghetto
[Adjetivo]

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

larghetto, moderadamente lento

larghetto, moderadamente lento

Ex: In this larghetto passage , the music flows gently .En este pasaje **larghetto**, la música fluye suavemente.
largo
[Sustantivo]

a musical piece that is intended to be performed at a very slow tempo and in a serious manner

largo

largo

lento
[Adjetivo]

(of tempo) slow

lento

lento

maestro
[Sustantivo]

a person who is an expert or master in conducting or directing an orchestra or musical performance

maestro,  director de orquesta

maestro, director de orquesta

mezzo-soprano
[Sustantivo]

a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

mezzosoprano, mezzo

mezzosoprano, mezzo

Ex: The mezzo-soprano voice lent a warm and velvety quality to the ensemble 's sound .La voz de **mezzo-soprano** aportó una cualidad cálida y aterciopelada al sonido del conjunto.
mezzo voce
[Sustantivo]

a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

mezzo voce, a media voz

mezzo voce, a media voz

Ex: The conductor asked the orchestra to play mezzo voce during the delicate passage .El director le pidió a la orquesta que tocara **mezzo voce** durante el pasaje delicado.
partita
[Sustantivo]

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

partita, suite musical

partita, suite musical

Ex: The composer ’s partita was structured in multiple contrasting sections .La **partita** del compositor estaba estructurada en múltiples secciones contrastantes.
pianissimo
[Sustantivo]

(music) low loudness

pianissimo

pianissimo

piano
[Adverbio]

used as a direction in music; to be played relatively softly

piano

piano

pizzicato
[Adjetivo]

(of instruments in the violin family) to be plucked with the finger

pizzicato, pellizcado

pizzicato, pellizcado

presto
[Adjetivo]

(of tempo) very fast

rápido,  veloz

rápido, veloz

prima donna
[Sustantivo]

the main female singer in an opera or opera company

prima donna, diva

prima donna, diva

rubato
[Sustantivo]

a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat

rubato, tempo rubato

rubato, tempo rubato

sforzando
[Sustantivo]

(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack

sforzando

sforzando

soprano
[Sustantivo]

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

soprano

soprano

Ex: In the opera , the lead soprano had a challenging role , requiring a powerful range and expressive vocal control .En la ópera, la **soprano** principal tuvo un papel desafiante, que requería un rango poderoso y un control vocal expresivo.
staccato
[Adjetivo]

playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

staccato

staccato

Ex: The conductor emphasized the staccato passages, creating a sense of urgency in the music.
caveat
[Sustantivo]

a warning against certain acts

advertencia,  precaución

advertencia, precaución

ego
[Sustantivo]

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

ego, orgullo

ego, orgullo

etc.
[Adverbio]

continuing in the same way

etc., y así sucesivamente

etc., y así sucesivamente

fetus
[Sustantivo]

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

feto

feto

Ex: Genetic testing was conducted to check for any abnormalities in the fetus.Se realizaron pruebas genéticas para detectar cualquier anomalía en el **feto**.
gratis
[Adverbio]

without costing anything

gratis, gratuitamente

gratis, gratuitamente

Ex: They received the tickets gratis as part of a promotional giveaway.Recibieron los boletos **gratis** como parte de una promoción.
hypothesis
[Sustantivo]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

hipótesis

hipótesis

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their initial hypothesis.Después de analizar los datos, confirmaron o refutaron su **hipótesis** inicial.
i.e.
[Adverbio]

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

es decir, o sea

es decir, o sea

Ex: She’s a top athlete, i.e., she’s won multiple national championships.Ella es una atleta de élite, **es decir**, ha ganado múltiples campeonatos nacionales.
in absentia
[Adverbio]

while absent; although absent

en ausencia, en rebeldía

en ausencia, en rebeldía

libido
[Sustantivo]

(psychology) the mental energy or drive connected with sexual desire

Ex: The patient reported a sudden change in libido after treatment .
magna cum laude
[Adjetivo]

with high honor; with high academic distinction

con altos honores; con alta distinción académica

con altos honores; con alta distinción académica

per capita
[Adverbio]

per person

per cápita, por habitante

per cápita, por habitante

Ex: The study examined the energy consumption per capita in different cities .El estudio examinó el consumo de energía **per cápita** en diferentes ciudades.
per se
[Adverbio]

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

per se, en sí mismo

per se, en sí mismo

Ex: The policy is n't discriminatory per se, but its impact on certain groups needs consideration .La política no es discriminatoria **per se**, pero su impacto en ciertos grupos necesita consideración.
persona
[Sustantivo]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

imagen pública

imagen pública

postmortem
[Adjetivo]

occurring or done after death

postmortem, post mórtem

postmortem, post mórtem

post scriptum
[Sustantivo]

an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

posdata, P.D.

posdata, P.D.

Ex: I included a post scriptum in my thank-you note to let her know I had found the lost book .Incluí un **post scriptum** en mi nota de agradecimiento para hacerle saber que había encontrado el libro perdido.
proforma
[Sustantivo]

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

proforma, factura proforma

proforma, factura proforma

Ex: He signed the proforma contract , even though the terms had already been agreed upon .Firmó el contrato **proforma**, a pesar de que los términos ya habían sido acordados.
quantum
[Sustantivo]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

cuanto, cantidad mínima indivisible

cuanto, cantidad mínima indivisible

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.La **electrodinámica cuántica** es una teoría cuántica de campos que describe las interacciones entre los campos electromagnéticos y las partículas cargadas, como los electrones y los fotones.
rectum
[Sustantivo]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

recto

recto

scrotum
[Sustantivo]

a pouch of skin that houses the testicles in the male reproductive system

escroto, bolsa escrotal

escroto, bolsa escrotal

sputum
[Sustantivo]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

esputo, flema

esputo, flema

Ex: Effective treatment of pneumonia often involves clearing the lungs of sputum to improve breathing .El tratamiento efectivo de la neumonía a menudo implica limpiar los pulmones de **esputo** para mejorar la respiración.
status
[Sustantivo]

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

estado, situación

estado, situación

Ex: The company 's financial status improved after the new investment .El **estado** financiero de la empresa mejoró después de la nueva inversión.
status quo
[Sustantivo]

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

statu quo

statu quo

Ex: The company ’s policy aims to preserve the status quo in terms of employee benefits .La política de la empresa tiene como objetivo preservar el **statu quo** en términos de beneficios para los empleados.
verbatim
[Adverbio]

in exactly the same words as used originally

textualmente, palabra por palabra

textualmente, palabra por palabra

Ex: The witness recited the events verbatim as they occurred on that fateful day .El artículo fue tomado casi **literalmente** de otra fuente.
vice versa
[Adverbio]

with the order or relations reversed

viceversa

viceversa

Ex: He prefers to run in the morning and relax in the evening , but vice versa works just as well for her .Él prefiere correr por la mañana y relajarse por la noche, pero **viceversa** funciona igual de bien para ella.
aficionado
[Sustantivo]

a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

aficionado

aficionado

Ex: He is a football aficionado who knows every player 's statistics .Él es un **aficionado** al fútbol que conoce las estadísticas de cada jugador.
cabana
[Sustantivo]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

cabaña

cabaña

Ex: As the sun began to set , they lit candles in the cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea .Mientras el sol comenzaba a ponerse, encendieron velas en la **cabaña**, transformándola en un oasis romántico junto al mar.
cantina
[Sustantivo]

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

cantina, bar

cantina, bar

Ex: He excused himself to the cantina, though he was actually just heading to the bathroom .Se excusó para ir a la **cantina**, aunque en realidad solo se dirigía al baño.
chaparral
[Sustantivo]

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

chaparral, matorral

chaparral, matorral

chicano
[Sustantivo]

a person of Mexican descent

un chicano, una persona de ascendencia mexicana

un chicano, una persona de ascendencia mexicana

gringo
[Sustantivo]

a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)

un término latinoamericano despectivo para los extranjeros (especialmente estadounidenses e ingleses), gringo (término despectivo)

un término latinoamericano despectivo para los extranjeros (especialmente estadounidenses e ingleses), gringo (término despectivo)

hasta la vista
[interjección]

***until the (next) view : see you later

hasta la vista : nos vemos luego

hasta la vista : nos vemos luego

used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

Ex: She waved goodbye and said, 'Hasta mañana!'
incommunicado
[Adjetivo]

without the means or right to communicate

incomunicado, sin medios para comunicarse

incomunicado, sin medios para comunicarse

macho
[Adjetivo]

used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner

macho,  varonil

macho, varonil

matador
[Sustantivo]

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

matador,  torero

matador, torero

mucho
[Adverbio]

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

mucho, un montón

mucho, un montón

Ex: He runs mucho faster than I do.Él corre **mucho** más rápido que yo.
padre
[Sustantivo]

a chaplain in one of the military services

capellán, padre castrense

capellán, padre castrense

poncho
[Sustantivo]

a simple, sleeveless outer garment, worn over the body to provide warmth and protection from the elements

poncho, capa

poncho, capa

pronto
[Adverbio]

without wasting any time; immediately

inmediatamente, sin demora

inmediatamente, sin demora

Ex: They’ll be here pronto, just waiting on the last couple of things to wrap up.Estarán aquí **pronto**, solo esperando un par de cosas más para terminar.
Senor
[Sustantivo]

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'

Señor, Don

Señor, Don

Senora
[Sustantivo]

a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'

Señora, Doña

Señora, Doña

ma'am
[Sustantivo]

a woman of refinement

señora, dama

señora, dama

Senorita
[Sustantivo]

a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'

Señorita, Joven

Señorita, Joven

sombrero
[Sustantivo]

a felt or straw hat with a wide brim and a tall crown, typically worn by Mexican men

sombrero, sombrero mexicano

sombrero, sombrero mexicano

bagel
[Sustantivo]

(Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust

bagel, beygel

bagel, beygel

El libro Street Talk 2
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