Street Talk 2 - A Closer Look 2: Lesson 4

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Street Talk 2
vibrato [noun]

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

Ex: Jazz saxophonists often employ vibrato to infuse their solos with soulful expression .
virtuoso [noun]

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

Ex: The concert featured a guitar virtuoso whose rapid fingerwork and intricate melodies showcased his exceptional talent .
ad hoc [adverb]

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

Ex: They decided to address the customer 's concern ad hoc rather than waiting for the scheduled meeting .

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

Ex: The mathematical sequence extends ad infinitum .

to say or perform something spontaneously without prior preparation

Ex:
ad nauseam [adverb]

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

Ex: She complained about the issue ad nauseam , exhausting her friends .

the university, college, or school that one used to study at

Ex: His alma mater awarded him an honorary degree for his achievements .

one's other personality, particularly one that greatly differs from what one often shows

alumnus [noun]

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

Ex: The alumni association organizes networking opportunities and social events to keep alumnus connected with their alma mater .
a.m. [adverb]

between midnight and noon

Ex:
p.m. [adverb]

after noon and before midnight

Ex:
bona fide [adjective]

genuine and not fake

Ex: The company prides itself on being a bona fide leader in the industry , offering high-quality products .
platonic [adjective]

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

Ex: Despite their chemistry , they both agreed to keep their relationship platonic .
stoic [adjective]

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

Ex: The soldier was stoic in the face of adversity .
thespian [noun]

an actor or actress who performs on stage or in film

Ex: The festival honored veteran thespians for their contribution to the arts .
typhoon [noun]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

Ex: Typhoon season in the Philippines typically runs from June to November , with several storms affecting the region .
a capella [adjective]

sung without instrumental accompaniment

agitator [noun]

one who agitates; a political troublemaker

al dente [adjective]

(of food, particularly pasta) cooked just enough to still have a firm texture when bitten into, without being overly soft or mushy

aria [noun]

a long, elaborate song that is melodious and is intended for a solo voice, especially in an opera

arpeggio [noun]

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

Ex: During the guitar solo , the musician skillfully executed a rapid arpeggio , adding a dynamic and expressive element to the performance .
tempo [noun]

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

Ex: The tempo of the music gradually slowed down toward the end .
cantata [noun]

a vocal composition with instrumental accompaniment, typically structured in multiple movements and often involving a choir, soloists, and orchestra

Ex: The cantata featured alternating solos and choral passages .

a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

Ex: He enjoys sipping a cappuccino while reading the newspaper in the café .

a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

Ex: Critics hailed the coloratura as a master of her craft , praising her ability to execute even the most challenging vocal embellishments with ease .

a female singer with the lowest singing voice

crescendo [adjective]

(of sound) characterized by a progressive amplification

Ex:
falsetto [noun]

a singer that uses a male singing voice that extends over the range of a tenor voice

forte [adjective]

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

Ex:
fortissimo [adjective]

(chiefly a direction or description in music) very loud and strong

glissando [adverb]

(musical direction) in the manner of a glissando (with a rapidly executed series of notes)

grave [adjective]

serious and solemn in manner or character

Ex: The doctor 's grave demeanor hinted at the gravity of the patient 's medical condition .
incognito [adverb]

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

Ex:
larghetto [adjective]

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

Ex: In this larghetto passage , the music flows gently .
largo [noun]

a musical piece that is intended to be performed at a very slow tempo and in a serious manner

maestro [noun]

a person who is an expert or master in conducting or directing an orchestra or musical performance

a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

Ex: Critics praised the mezzo-soprano for its versatility , capable of conveying both power and sensitivity .

a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

Ex: The conductor asked the orchestra to play mezzo voce during the delicate passage .
partita [noun]

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

Ex: The composer ’s partita was structured in multiple contrasting sections .
piano [adverb]

used as a direction in music; to be played relatively softly

pizzicato [adjective]

(of instruments in the violin family) to be plucked with the finger

the main female singer in an opera or opera company

rubato [noun]

a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat

(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack

soprano [noun]

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

Ex: The young boy ’s soprano voice was stunning , hitting high notes effortlessly until his voice began to change .
staccato [adjective]

playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

Ex:
caveat [noun]

a warning against certain acts

ego [noun]

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

etc. [adverb]

continuing in the same way

fetus [noun]

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

Ex: The mother was excited to see her fetus in the ultrasound image .
gratis [adverb]

without costing anything

Ex:

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

Ex: Before conducting the study , the team proposed a hypothesis about the effects of the new drug .
i.e. [adverb]

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

Ex:
libido [noun]

(psychology) the mental energy or drive connected with sexual desire

Ex: According to Freud , the libido is a key force in shaping personality .
per capita [adverb]

per person

Ex: The study examined the energy consumption per capita in different cities .
per se [adverb]

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

Ex: The movie was n't a masterpiece per se , but it did have some noteworthy performances .
persona [noun]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

Ex: I always add a post scriptum to my emails if I remember something important after I ’ve clicked send .
proforma [noun]

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

Ex: He signed the proforma contract , even though the terms had already been agreed upon .
quantum [noun]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

Ex:
rectum [noun]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

scrotum [noun]

a pouch of skin that houses the testicles in the male reproductive system

sputum [noun]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

Ex: Chronic bronchitis is characterized by the production of excessive sputum .
status [noun]

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

Ex: The weather status changed from clear to stormy .

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

Ex: They challenged the status quo with their innovative approach to the problem .
verbatim [adverb]

in exactly the same words as used originally

Ex:
vice versa [adverb]

with the order or relations reversed

Ex: You can choose to visit either the museum first and then the park , or vice versa .

a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

Ex: She became an aficionado of Japanese cuisine after visiting Tokyo .
cabana [noun]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

Ex: The tropical cabana was adorned with colorful fabrics and surrounded by lush greenery , creating a paradise-like setting .
cantina [noun]

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

Ex: He excused himself to the cantina , though he was actually just heading to the bathroom .

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

gringo [noun]

a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)

used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

Ex:
macho [adjective]

strongly masculine, often in appearance or manner

Ex: The actor played a macho hero in the film .
matador [noun]

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

mucho [adverb]

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

Ex:
padre [noun]

a chaplain in one of the military services

poncho [noun]

a simple, sleeveless outer garment, worn over the body to provide warmth and protection from the elements

pronto [adverb]

without wasting any time; immediately

Ex:
Senor [noun]

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'

Senora [noun]

a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'

Senorita [noun]

a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'

sombrero [noun]

a felt or straw hat with a wide brim and a tall crown, typically worn by Mexican men

bagel [noun]

a Yiddish term for a doughnut-shaped, yeast-leavened roll with a shiny, firm crust

Ex: The bagel had a glossy surface from the egg wash .