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Street Talk 2 - A Closer Look 2: Lesson 4

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Street Talk 2
vibrato
[noun]

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

Ex: Vibrato is a fundamental technique for string players, enhancing the richness and expressiveness of their performances.
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virtuoso
[noun]

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

Ex: The virtuoso's encore performance brought the crowd to their feet , applauding the masterful display of musical prowess .
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ad hoc
[Adverb]

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

Ex: The rules were modified ad hoc to suit the unique circumstances of the competition.
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ad infinitum
[Adverb]

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

Ex: The loop in the code executed ad infinitum, causing a system crash .
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to ad lib
[Verb]

to say or perform something spontaneously without prior preparation

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ad nauseam
[Adverb]

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

Ex: The details were examined ad nauseam, leading to frustration among the team .
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the university, college, or school that one used to study at

Ex: The alma mater's new scholarship program aims to support underprivileged students .
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alter ego
[noun]

one's other personality, particularly one that greatly differs from what one often shows

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alumnus
[noun]

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

Ex: The university 's newsletter features stories about notable alumni, celebrating their achievements and contributions to society .
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a.m.
[Adverb]

between midnight and noon

Ex: The gardening store opens at 8 a.m. on weekends.
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p.m.
[Adverb]

after noon and before midnight

Ex: The restaurant stops serving dinner at 11 p.m.
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bona fide
[Adjective]

genuine and not fake

Ex: The historian provided bona fide evidence to support his groundbreaking theory .
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platonic
[Adjective]

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

Ex: Their friendship was based on a platonic affection for each other .
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stoic
[Adjective]

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

Ex: His stoic demeanor helped him handle the stressful situation .
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thespian
[noun]

an actor or actress who performs on stage or in film

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typhoon
[noun]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

Ex: Preparation for typhoons includes securing loose objects and stocking up on emergency supplies like food and water .
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a capella
[Adjective]

sung without instrumental accompaniment

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accelerando
[Adverb]

with increasing speed

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agitator
[noun]

one who agitates; a political troublemaker

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al dente
[Adjective]

(of food, particularly pasta) cooked just enough to still have a firm texture when bitten into, without being overly soft or mushy

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allegretto
[Adverb]

in a moderately quick tempo

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allegro
[noun]

a brisk and lively tempo

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andante
[Adjective]

(of tempo) moderately slow

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aria
[noun]

a long, elaborate song that is melodious and is intended for a solo voice, especially in an opera

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arpeggio
[noun]

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

Ex: Jazz improvisation often involves using arpeggios to navigate through chord progressions with fluidity and creativity .
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tempo
[noun]

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

Ex: In classical music , tempo changes are often used to add variety to a performance .
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cantata
[noun]

a musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text

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a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

Ex: The café offers a variety of cappuccino options , including flavored syrups and alternative milk choices .
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a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

Ex: The coloratura's performance in the ensemble piece added a shimmering brilliance to the overall sound , her agile voice dancing above the other singers with grace and precision .
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lively with spirit

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contralto
[noun]

a female singer with the lowest singing voice

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crescendo
[Adjective]

(music) gradually increasing in volume

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diminuendo
[Adjective]

(music) gradually decreasing in volume

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falsetto
[noun]

a singer that uses a male singing voice that extends over the range of a tenor voice

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forte
[Adjective]

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

Ex: The brass section's forte entrance in the jazz ensemble brought a burst of excitement and vigor to the piece.
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fortissimo
[Adjective]

(chiefly a direction or description in music) very loud and strong

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glissando
[Adverb]

(musical direction) in the manner of a glissando (with a rapidly executed series of notes)

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grave
[Adjective]

serious and solemn in manner or character

Ex: In times of war , soldiers often wear grave expressions , fully aware of the dangers they face .
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incognito
[Adverb]

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

Ex: They dined incognito in a small café to enjoy the evening peacefully.
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larghetto
[Adjective]

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

Ex: In this larghetto passage , the music flows gently .
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largo
[noun]

a musical piece that is intended to be performed at a very slow tempo and in a serious manner

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lento
[Adjective]

(of tempo) slow

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maestro
[noun]

a person who is an expert or master in conducting or directing an orchestra or musical performance

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a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

Ex: The mezzo-soprano voice lent a warm and velvety quality to the ensemble 's sound .
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a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

Ex: The conductor asked the orchestra to play mezzo voce during the delicate passage .
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partita
[noun]

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

Ex: The composer ’s partita was structured in multiple contrasting sections .
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(music) low loudness

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piano
[Adverb]

used as a direction in music; to be played relatively softly

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pizzicato
[Adjective]

(of instruments in the violin family) to be plucked with the finger

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presto
[Adjective]

(of tempo) very fast

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the main female singer in an opera or opera company

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rubato
[noun]

a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat

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sforzando
[noun]

(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack

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soprano
[noun]

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

Ex: In the opera , the lead soprano had a challenging role , requiring a powerful range and expressive vocal control .
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staccato
[Adjective]

playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

Ex: The conductor emphasized the staccato passages, creating a sense of urgency in the music.
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caveat
[noun]

a warning against certain acts

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ego
[noun]

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

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etc.
[Adverb]

continuing in the same way

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fetus
[noun]

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

Ex: Genetic testing was conducted to check for any abnormalities in the fetus.
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gratis
[Adverb]

without costing anything

Ex: They received the tickets gratis as part of a promotional giveaway.
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an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their initial hypothesis.
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i.e.
[Adverb]

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

Ex: She’s a top athlete, i.e., she’s won multiple national championships.
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in absentia
[Adverb]

while absent; although absent

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libido
[noun]

(psychology) the mental energy or drive connected with sexual desire

Ex: The patient reported a sudden change in libido after treatment .
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magna cum laude
[Adjective]

with high honor; with high academic distinction

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per capita
[Adverb]

per person

Ex: The study examined the energy consumption per capita in different cities .
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per se
[Adverb]

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

Ex: The policy is n't discriminatory per se, but its impact on certain groups needs consideration .
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persona
[noun]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

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postmortem
[Adjective]

occurring or done after death

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an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

Ex: I included a post scriptum in my thank-you note to let her know I had found the lost book .
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proforma
[noun]

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

Ex: He signed the proforma contract , even though the terms had already been agreed upon .
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quantum
[noun]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.
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rectum
[noun]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

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scrotum
[noun]

a pouch of skin that houses the testicles in the male reproductive system

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sputum
[noun]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

Ex: Effective treatment of pneumonia often involves clearing the lungs of sputum to improve breathing .
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status
[noun]

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

Ex: The company 's financial status improved after the new investment .
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the situation or condition that is currently at hand

Ex: The company ’s policy aims to preserve the status quo in terms of employee benefits .
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verbatim
[Adverb]

in exactly the same words as used originally

Ex: The witness recited the events verbatim as they occurred on that fateful day .
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vice versa
[Adverb]

with the order or relations reversed

Ex: He prefers to run in the morning and relax in the evening , but vice versa works just as well for her .
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a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

Ex: He is a football aficionado who knows every player 's statistics .
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cabana
[noun]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

Ex: As the sun began to set , they lit candles in the cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea .
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cantina
[noun]

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

Ex: He excused himself to the cantina, though he was actually just heading to the bathroom .
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chaparral
[noun]

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

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chicano
[noun]

a person of Mexican descent

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gringo
[noun]

a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)

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hasta la vista
[interjection]

***until the (next) view : see you later

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used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

Ex: She waved goodbye and said, 'Hasta mañana!'
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incommunicado
[Adjective]

without the means or right to communicate

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macho
[Adjective]

used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner

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matador
[noun]

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

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mucho
[Adverb]

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

Ex: He runs mucho faster than I do.
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padre
[noun]

a chaplain in one of the military services

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poncho
[noun]

a simple, sleeveless outer garment, worn over the body to provide warmth and protection from the elements

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pronto
[Adverb]

without wasting any time; immediately

Ex: They’ll be here pronto, just waiting on the last couple of things to wrap up.
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Senor
[noun]

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'

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Senora
[noun]

a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'

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ma'am
[noun]

a woman of refinement

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Senorita
[noun]

a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'

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sombrero
[noun]

a felt or straw hat with a wide brim and a tall crown, typically worn by Mexican men

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bagel
[noun]

(Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust

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Street Talk 2
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