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کتاب Street Talk 2 - نگاهی نزدیکتر 2: درس 4

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شروع یادگیری
Street Talk 2
vibrato
[اسم]

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

ویبراتو

ویبراتو

Ex: Vibrato is a fundamental technique for string players, enhancing the richness and expressiveness of their performances.
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virtuoso
[اسم]

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

نوازنده ماهر

نوازنده ماهر

Ex: virtuoso's encore performance brought the crowd to their feet , applauding the masterful display of musical prowess .
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ad hoc
[قید]

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

ویژه‌ی امر به‌خصوصی

ویژه‌ی امر به‌خصوصی

Ex: The rules were ad hoc to suit the unique circumstances of the competition .
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ad infinitum
[قید]

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

بی‌انتها, برای همیشه

بی‌انتها, برای همیشه

Ex: The loop in the code ad infinitum, causing a system crash .
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to ad lib
[فعل]

‌to say something in a speech or a performance that you have not prepared or practiced

*فی‌البداهه گفتن

*فی‌البداهه گفتن

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ad nauseam
[قید]

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

تا حدی که خسته کننده شود, به طرز خسته کننده ای

تا حدی که خسته کننده شود, به طرز خسته کننده ای

Ex: The details were ad nauseam, leading to frustration among the team .
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alma mater
[اسم]

the university, college, or school that one used to study at

مدرسه یا دانشگاه سابق

مدرسه یا دانشگاه سابق

Ex: alma mater's new scholarship program aims to support underprivileged students .
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alter ego
[اسم]

one's other personality, particularly one that greatly differs from what one often shows

شخصیت ثانوی

شخصیت ثانوی

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alumnus
[اسم]

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

فارغ‌التحصیل (معمولاً مرد)

فارغ‌التحصیل (معمولاً مرد)

Ex: The university 's newsletter features stories about alumni, celebrating their achievements and contributions to society .
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a.m.
[قید]

between midnight and noon

قبل‌ازظهر, صبح

قبل‌ازظهر, صبح

Ex: The gardening store opens at 8 a.m. on weekends.
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p.m.
[قید]

after noon and before midnight

بعدازظهر

بعدازظهر

Ex: The restaurant stops serving dinner at 11 p.m.
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bona fide
[صفت]

genuine and not fake

اصل, اورجینال

اصل, اورجینال

Ex: The historian bona fide evidence to support his groundbreaking theory .
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platonic
[صفت]

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

عشق افلاطونی

عشق افلاطونی

Ex: Their friendship was based on platonic affection for each other .
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stoic
[صفت]

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

بردبار, صبور

بردبار, صبور

Ex: stoic demeanor helped him handle the stressful situation .
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thespian
[اسم]

a theatrical performer

بازیگر, نمایشنامه‌خوان

بازیگر, نمایشنامه‌خوان

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typhoon
[اسم]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

طوفان گرمسیری, توفان

طوفان گرمسیری, توفان

Ex: Preparation typhoons includes securing loose objects and stocking up on emergency supplies like food and water .
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a capella
[صفت]

sung without instrumental accompaniment

آکاپلا, بی‌نوازی

آکاپلا, بی‌نوازی

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accelerando
[قید]

with increasing speed

با شتاب رو به افزایش, با افزایش سرعت

با شتاب رو به افزایش, با افزایش سرعت

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agitator
[اسم]

one who agitates; a political troublemaker

آشوب‌طلب, محرض سیاسی

آشوب‌طلب, محرض سیاسی

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al dente
[صفت]

(of food, particularly pasta) cooked just enough to still have a firm texture when bitten into, without being overly soft or mushy

سفت (پاستا و...), آل دنته

سفت (پاستا و...), آل دنته

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allegretto
[قید]

in a moderately quick tempo

با سرعت متوسط, به طور نسبتاً سریع

با سرعت متوسط, به طور نسبتاً سریع

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allegro
[اسم]

a brisk and lively tempo

آلگرو, شتاب‌زده

آلگرو, شتاب‌زده

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andante
[صفت]

(of tempo) moderately slow

آهسته, آهسته و موزون

آهسته, آهسته و موزون

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aria
[اسم]

a long, elaborate song that is melodious and is intended for a solo voice, especially in an opera

آریا (موسیقی)

آریا (موسیقی)

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arpeggio
[اسم]

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

آرپژ

آرپژ

Ex: Jazz improvisation often involves arpeggios to navigate through chord progressions with fluidity and creativity .
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tempo
[اسم]

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

ضرب (موسیقی), تمپو

ضرب (موسیقی), تمپو

Ex: In classical musictempo changes are often used to add variety to a performance .
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cantata
[اسم]

a musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text

کانتات, آهنگ مذهبی

کانتات, آهنگ مذهبی

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cappuccino
[اسم]

a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

کاپوچینو

کاپوچینو

Ex: The café offers a variety cappuccino options , including flavored syrups and alternative milk choices .
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coloratura
[اسم]

a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

کلّیتور, کلورتورا

کلّیتور, کلورتورا

Ex: coloratura's performance in the ensemble piece added a shimmering brilliance to the overall sound , her agile voice dancing above the other singers with grace and precision .
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lively with spirit

آلگرو با روح, آلگرو با انرژی

آلگرو با روح, آلگرو با انرژی

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contralto
[اسم]

a female singer with the lowest singing voice

خواننده با صدای کنترآلتو (زن)

خواننده با صدای کنترآلتو (زن)

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crescendo
[صفت]

(music) gradually increasing in volume

افزایشی, تدریجی

افزایشی, تدریجی

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diminuendo
[صفت]

(music) gradually decreasing in volume

کم شونده, رو به کاهش

کم شونده, رو به کاهش

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falsetto
[اسم]

a singer that uses a male singing voice that extends over the range of a tenor voice

فالتسو, صدای بالا

فالتسو, صدای بالا

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forte
[صفت]

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

بلند (موسیقی)

بلند (موسیقی)

Ex: The brass section's forte entrance in the jazz ensemble brought a burst of excitement and vigor to the piece.
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fortissimo
[صفت]

(chiefly a direction or description in music) very loud and strong

بسیار بلند, به شدت قوی

بسیار بلند, به شدت قوی

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glissando
[قید]

(musical direction) in the manner of a glissando (with a rapidly executed series of notes)

گلیساندو, به صورت گلیساندو

گلیساندو, به صورت گلیساندو

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grave
[صفت]

serious and solemn in manner or character

جدی و رسمی (رفتار و ظاهر)

جدی و رسمی (رفتار و ظاهر)

Ex: In times of war , soldiers often grave expressions , fully aware of the dangers they face .
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incognito
[قید]

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

در خفا

در خفا

Ex: They dined incognito in a small café to enjoy the evening peacefully.
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larghetto
[صفت]

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

لاگرتو, کمی آرامتر از آندانت

لاگرتو, کمی آرامتر از آندانت

Ex: larghetto passage , the music flows gently .
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largo
[اسم]

a musical piece that is intended to be performed at a very slow tempo and in a serious manner

لارگو (موسیقی)

لارگو (موسیقی)

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lento
[صفت]

(of tempo) slow

آهسته, کند

آهسته, کند

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maestro
[اسم]

a person who is an expert or master in conducting or directing an orchestra or musical performance

رهبر ارکستر

رهبر ارکستر

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a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

متزوسوپرانو

متزوسوپرانو

Ex: mezzo-soprano voice lent a warm and velvety quality to the ensemble 's sound .
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mezzo voce
[اسم]

a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

صوت متوسط, نواختن به آرامی

صوت متوسط, نواختن به آرامی

Ex: The conductor asked the orchestra to mezzo voce during the delicate passage .
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partita
[اسم]

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

پارتیتا, قطعه موسیقی

پارتیتا, قطعه موسیقی

Ex: The composerpartita was structured in multiple contrasting sections .
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pianissimo
[اسم]

(music) low loudness

پینسیمو, آرام موسیقی

پینسیمو, آرام موسیقی

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piano
[قید]

used as a direction in music; to be played relatively softly

به آرامی, به نرمی

به آرامی, به نرمی

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pizzicato
[صفت]

(of instruments in the violin family) to be plucked with the finger

پیزیکاتو, پلاکی

پیزیکاتو, پلاکی

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presto
[صفت]

(of tempo) very fast

زود, سریع

زود, سریع

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prima donna
[اسم]

the main female singer in an opera or opera company

خواننده اول زن (اپرا)

خواننده اول زن (اپرا)

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rubato
[اسم]

a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat

روباتو, تنظیم آزاد

روباتو, تنظیم آزاد

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sforzando
[اسم]

(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack

سفورزاندو, تحکیم

سفورزاندو, تحکیم

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soprano
[اسم]

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

خواننده با صدای سوپرانو

خواننده با صدای سوپرانو

Ex: In the opera , the soprano had a challenging role , requiring a powerful range and expressive vocal control .
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staccato
[صفت]

a style of playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

منقطع (موسیقی), گره‌گره

منقطع (موسیقی), گره‌گره

Ex: The conductor emphasized the staccato passages, creating a sense of urgency in the music.
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caveat
[اسم]

a warning against certain acts

هشدار, تذکر

هشدار, تذکر

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ego
[اسم]

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

خودشیفتگی, ناخودآگاه بزرگ‌منشی

خودشیفتگی, ناخودآگاه بزرگ‌منشی

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etc.
[قید]

continuing in the same way

و غیره, و سایر موارد

و غیره, و سایر موارد

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fetus
[اسم]

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

جنین, رویان

جنین, رویان

Ex: Genetic testing was conducted to check for any abnormalities in fetus.
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gratis
[قید]

without costing anything

رایگان

رایگان

Ex: They received the tickets gratis as part of a promotional giveaway.
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hypothesis
[اسم]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

فرضیه

فرضیه

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their hypothesis.
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i.e.
[قید]

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

به بیانی دیگر

به بیانی دیگر

Ex: She’s a top athlete, i.e., she’s won multiple national championships.
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in absentia
[قید]

while absent; although absent

غیابی, در غیاب

غیابی, در غیاب

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libido
[اسم]

(psychoanalysis) a Freudian term for sexual urge or desire

لیبیدو, سائق جنسی

لیبیدو, سائق جنسی

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with high honor; with high academic distinction

با افتخار بالا, با تمایز تحصیلی بالا

با افتخار بالا, با تمایز تحصیلی بالا

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per capita
[قید]

per person

برای هر فرد

برای هر فرد

Ex: The study examined the energy per capita in different cities .
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per se
[قید]

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

به خودی خود, در خود

به خودی خود, در خود

Ex: The policy is n't per se, but its impact on certain groups needs consideration .
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persona
[اسم]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

پرسونا (روان‌شناسی)

پرسونا (روان‌شناسی)

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postmortem
[صفت]

occurring or done after death

پس از مرگ, پس مرگ

پس از مرگ, پس مرگ

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an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

ضمیمه, پس‌نوشت

ضمیمه, پس‌نوشت

Ex: I included post scriptum in my thank-you note to let her know I had found the lost book .
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proforma
[اسم]

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

روتین رسمی, پروسه اداری

روتین رسمی, پروسه اداری

Ex: He signed proforma contract , even though the terms had already been agreed upon .
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quantum
[اسم]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

کوانتوم

کوانتوم

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.
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rectum
[اسم]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

راست‌روده, رکتوم

راست‌روده, رکتوم

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scrotum
[اسم]

a pouch of skin that houses the testicles in the male reproductive system

کیسه بیضه, اسکروتم

کیسه بیضه, اسکروتم

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sputum
[اسم]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

خلط, موکوس

خلط, موکوس

Ex: Effective treatment of pneumonia often involves clearing the lungs sputum to improve breathing .
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status
[اسم]

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

Ex: The company 's status improved after the new investment .
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status quo
[اسم]

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

وضع موجود, وضع کنونی، شرایط فعلی

وضع موجود, وضع کنونی، شرایط فعلی

Ex: The company ’s policy aims to preserve status quo in terms of employee benefits .
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verbatim
[قید]

exactly as spoken or written originally without any changes or additions

واژه‌به‌واژه

واژه‌به‌واژه

Ex: The witness recited the verbatim as they occurred on that fateful day .
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vice versa
[قید]

with the order or relations reversed

برعکس

برعکس

Ex: He prefers to run in the morning and relax in the evening , vice versa works just as well for her .
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aficionado
[اسم]

a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

طرفدار, هواخواه

طرفدار, هواخواه

Ex: He is a aficionado who knows every player 's statistics .
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cabana
[اسم]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

کومه ساحلی, کلبه

کومه ساحلی, کلبه

Ex: As the sun began to set , they lit candles in cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea .
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cantina
[اسم]

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

رستوران کوچک, کافه

رستوران کوچک, کافه

Ex: He excused himself to cantina, though he was actually just heading to the bathroom .
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chaparral
[اسم]

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

چنین جنگل, گیاه‌زاری

چنین جنگل, گیاه‌زاری

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chicano
[اسم]

a person of Mexican descent

چیکانو, شخص مکزیکی

چیکانو, شخص مکزیکی

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gringo
[اسم]

a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)

غریبه, بیگانه

غریبه, بیگانه

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hasta la vista
[حرف ندا]

***until the (next) view : see you later

تا دیدار بعدی, خداحافظ تا دوباره ببینمت

تا دیدار بعدی, خداحافظ تا دوباره ببینمت

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hasta mañana
[عبارت]

used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

فردا میبینمت

فردا میبینمت

Ex: She waved goodbye and said, 'Hasta mañana!'
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without the means or right to communicate

بی ارتباط, در وضعیت عدم ارتباط

بی ارتباط, در وضعیت عدم ارتباط

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macho
[صفت]

used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner

مردانه, مردخوی

مردانه, مردخوی

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matador
[اسم]

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

ماتادور, گوشنگی

ماتادور, گوشنگی

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mucho
[قید]

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

بسیار

بسیار

Ex: He runs mucho faster than I do.
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padre
[اسم]

a chaplain in one of the military services

روحانی, کشیش ارتشی

روحانی, کشیش ارتشی

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poncho
[اسم]

a simple, sleeveless outer garment, worn over the body to provide warmth and protection from the elements

پانچو

پانچو

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pronto
[قید]

without wasting any time; immediately

بلافاصله, فورا

بلافاصله, فورا

Ex: They’ll be here pronto, just waiting on the last couple of things to wrap up.
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Senor
[اسم]

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'

آقا, جناب

آقا, جناب

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Senora
[اسم]

a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'

خانم, زوجه

خانم, زوجه

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ma'am
[اسم]

a woman of refinement

بانو, سرکار خانم

بانو, سرکار خانم

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Senorita
[اسم]

a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'

خانم جوان, دوشیزه

خانم جوان, دوشیزه

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sombrero
[اسم]

a felt or straw hat with a wide brim and a tall crown, typically worn by Mexican men

سمبررو (کلاه مکزیکی)

سمبررو (کلاه مکزیکی)

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bagel
[اسم]

(Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust

باقلوا, بےگل

باقلوا, بےگل

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