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Kniha Street Talk 2 - Blíže k věci 2: Lekce 4

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Street Talk 2
vibrato
[Podstatné jméno]

a slight, rapid variation in pitch and intensity of a note

vibrato, vibrace

vibrato, vibrace

Ex: Vibrato is a fundamental technique for string players, enhancing the richness and expressiveness of their performances.
virtuoso
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who is highly skilled at playing a musical instrument

virtuóz, mistr

virtuóz, mistr

Ex: virtuoso's encore performance brought the crowd to their feet , applauding the masterful display of musical prowess .
ad hoc
[Příslovce]

for a certain purpose, especially an immediate one

ad hoc, na daný účel

ad hoc, na daný účel

Ex: The rules were ad hoc to suit the unique circumstances of the competition .
ad infinitum
[Příslovce]

in a way that occurs continuously without a limit

bez konce, neomezeně

bez konce, neomezeně

Ex: The loop in the code ad infinitum, causing a system crash .
to ad lib
[sloveso]

‌to say something in a speech or a performance that you have not prepared or practiced

improvizovat, říci z hlavy

improvizovat, říci z hlavy

ad nauseam
[Příslovce]

excessively repeated to the point of annoyance

až do znechucení, ad nauseam

až do znechucení, ad nauseam

Ex: The details were ad nauseam, leading to frustration among the team .
alma mater
[Podstatné jméno]

the university, college, or school that one used to study at

alma mater, materská škola

alma mater, materská škola

Ex: alma mater's new scholarship program aims to support underprivileged students .
alter ego
[Podstatné jméno]

one's other personality, particularly one that greatly differs from what one often shows

druhé já, alter ego

druhé já, alter ego

alumnus
[Podstatné jméno]

a person, particularly a male one, who is a former student of a college, university, or school

absolvent, bývalý student

absolvent, bývalý student

Ex: The university 's newsletter features stories about alumni, celebrating their achievements and contributions to society .
a.m.
[Příslovce]

between midnight and noon

před polednem, ráno

před polednem, ráno

Ex: The gardening store opens at 8 a.m. on weekends.
p.m.
[Příslovce]

after noon and before midnight

odpoledne, odpoledne

odpoledne, odpoledne

Ex: The restaurant stops serving dinner at 11 p.m.
bona fide
[Přídavné jméno]

genuine and not fake

skutečný, pravý

skutečný, pravý

Ex: The historian bona fide evidence to support his groundbreaking theory .
platonic
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a relationship) characterized by emotional closeness without romantic or sexual elements

platónský, neerotický

platónský, neerotický

Ex: Their friendship was based on platonic affection for each other .
stoic
[Přídavné jméno]

not displaying emotions and not complaining, especially in difficult and painful situations

stoicismus, nepříliš emocionální

stoicismus, nepříliš emocionální

Ex: stoic demeanor helped him handle the stressful situation .
thespian
[Podstatné jméno]

a theatrical performer

herec, herečka

herec, herečka

typhoon
[Podstatné jméno]

a tropical storm with violent winds moving in a circle that form over the western Pacific Ocean

tajfun, cyklón

tajfun, cyklón

Ex: Preparation typhoons includes securing loose objects and stocking up on emergency supplies like food and water .
a capella
[Přídavné jméno]

sung without instrumental accompaniment

a cappella, bez hudebního doprovodu

a cappella, bez hudebního doprovodu

accelerando
[Příslovce]

with increasing speed

zrychleně, čím dál rychleji

zrychleně, čím dál rychleji

agitator
[Podstatné jméno]

one who agitates; a political troublemaker

agitátor, podněcovatel

agitátor, podněcovatel

al dente
[Přídavné jméno]

(of food, particularly pasta) cooked just enough to still have a firm texture when bitten into, without being overly soft or mushy

na skus, al dente

na skus, al dente

allegretto
[Příslovce]

in a moderately quick tempo

allegretto, v mírně rychlém tempu

allegretto, v mírně rychlém tempu

allegro
[Podstatné jméno]

a brisk and lively tempo

allegro, rychlý tempo

allegro, rychlý tempo

andante
[Přídavné jméno]

(of tempo) moderately slow

andante, středně pomalé

andante, středně pomalé

aria
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, elaborate song that is melodious and is intended for a solo voice, especially in an opera

árie, píseň

árie, píseň

arpeggio
[Podstatné jméno]

a musical technique where the notes of a chord are played individually in a sequence rather than simultaneously

arpeggio, arpeggio (chordové rozložení)

arpeggio, arpeggio (chordové rozložení)

Ex: Jazz improvisation often involves arpeggios to navigate through chord progressions with fluidity and creativity .
tempo
[Podstatné jméno]

the speed that a piece of music is or should be played at

tempo, rychlost

tempo, rychlost

Ex: In classical musictempo changes are often used to add variety to a performance .
cantata
[Podstatné jméno]

a musical composition for voices and orchestra based on a religious text

kantáta, hudební skladba pro hlasy a orchestr na náboženský text

kantáta, hudební skladba pro hlasy a orchestr na náboženský text

cappuccino
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of coffee made from espresso mixed with hot milk or cream

cappuccino, káva cappuccino

cappuccino, káva cappuccino

Ex: The café offers a variety cappuccino options , including flavored syrups and alternative milk choices .
coloratura
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of soprano singer known for their ability to perform intricate and embellished vocal passages

koloraturní soprán, koloraturní zpěv

koloraturní soprán, koloraturní zpěv

Ex: coloratura's performance in the ensemble piece added a shimmering brilliance to the overall sound , her agile voice dancing above the other singers with grace and precision .
allegro con spirito
[Podstatné jméno]

lively with spirit

allegro s duchem, živé s náladou

allegro s duchem, živé s náladou

contralto
[Podstatné jméno]

a female singer with the lowest singing voice

kontralt, kontraltistka

kontralt, kontraltistka

crescendo
[Přídavné jméno]

(music) gradually increasing in volume

crescendo, rostoucí v intenzitě

crescendo, rostoucí v intenzitě

diminuendo
[Přídavné jméno]

(music) gradually decreasing in volume

ztlumující, slábnoucí

ztlumující, slábnoucí

falsetto
[Podstatné jméno]

a singer that uses a male singing voice that extends over the range of a tenor voice

falsetto, falset

falsetto, falset

forte
[Přídavné jméno]

played or sung loudly or with strong emphasis

forte, hlasitý

forte, hlasitý

Ex: The brass section's forte entrance in the jazz ensemble brought a burst of excitement and vigor to the piece.
fortissimo
[Přídavné jméno]

(chiefly a direction or description in music) very loud and strong

velmi hlasitě, silně

velmi hlasitě, silně

glissando
[Příslovce]

(musical direction) in the manner of a glissando (with a rapidly executed series of notes)

glissando, glissandově

glissando, glissandově

grave
[Přídavné jméno]

serious and solemn in manner or character

vážný, seriózní

vážný, seriózní

Ex: In times of war , soldiers often grave expressions , fully aware of the dangers they face .
incognito
[Příslovce]

in disguise or using a false identity to avoid being recognized

inkognito, v utajení

inkognito, v utajení

Ex: They dined incognito in a small café to enjoy the evening peacefully.
larghetto
[Přídavné jméno]

used to describe a moderately slow tempo, slower than andante but faster than largo

velmi pomalu, pomalu a vesele

velmi pomalu, pomalu a vesele

Ex: larghetto passage , the music flows gently .
largo
[Podstatné jméno]

a musical piece that is intended to be performed at a very slow tempo and in a serious manner

largo, largo skladba

largo, largo skladba

lento
[Přídavné jméno]

(of tempo) slow

pomalý, lenný

pomalý, lenný

maestro
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who is an expert or master in conducting or directing an orchestra or musical performance

maestro, mistr

maestro, mistr

mezzo-soprano
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of classical female singing voice situated between the soprano and contralto ranges

mezzo-soprán, mezzosoprán

mezzo-soprán, mezzosoprán

Ex: mezzo-soprano voice lent a warm and velvety quality to the ensemble 's sound .
mezzo voce
[Podstatné jméno]

a moderate or half voice, meaning to sing or play at a medium volume, not too loud or too soft

půl hlasu, polohlas

půl hlasu, polohlas

Ex: The conductor asked the orchestra to mezzo voce during the delicate passage .
partita
[Podstatné jméno]

a musical suite, typically a collection of dance movements, often in the Baroque period

partita, suita

partita, suita

Ex: The composerpartita was structured in multiple contrasting sections .
pianissimo
[Podstatné jméno]

(music) low loudness

pianissimo, tichý tón

pianissimo, tichý tón

piano
[Příslovce]

used as a direction in music; to be played relatively softly

piano, pianissimo

piano, pianissimo

pizzicato
[Přídavné jméno]

(of instruments in the violin family) to be plucked with the finger

pizzicato, pizzikáto

pizzicato, pizzikáto

presto
[Přídavné jméno]

(of tempo) very fast

rychlý, velmi rychlý

rychlý, velmi rychlý

prima donna
[Podstatné jméno]

the main female singer in an opera or opera company

prímadona, hlavní zpěvačka opery

prímadona, hlavní zpěvačka opery

rubato
[Podstatné jméno]

a flexible tempo; not strictly on the beat

rubáto, volný tempo

rubáto, volný tempo

sforzando
[Podstatné jméno]

(music) a notation written above a note and indicating that it is to be played with a strong initial attack

sforzando, sfz

sforzando, sfz

soprano
[Podstatné jméno]

a female or young male singer with a singing voice that has the highest range

soprán, sopránka

soprán, sopránka

Ex: In the opera , the soprano had a challenging role , requiring a powerful range and expressive vocal control .
staccato
[Přídavné jméno]

a style of playing or singing musical notes with short, distinct intervals between them

staccatový, staccato

staccatový, staccato

Ex: The conductor emphasized the staccato passages, creating a sense of urgency in the music.
caveat
[Podstatné jméno]

a warning against certain acts

varování, poznámka

varování, poznámka

ego
[Podstatné jméno]

an inflated feeling of pride in your superiority to others

ego, přeceňování se

ego, přeceňování se

etc.
[Příslovce]

continuing in the same way

atd., a tak dál

atd., a tak dál

fetus
[Podstatné jméno]

an offspring of a human or animal that is not born yet, particularly a human aged more than eight weeks after conception

fetus, plod

fetus, plod

Ex: Genetic testing was conducted to check for any abnormalities in fetus.
gratis
[Příslovce]

without costing anything

zdarma, bezplatně

zdarma, bezplatně

Ex: They received the tickets gratis as part of a promotional giveaway.
hypothesis
[Podstatné jméno]

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

hypotéza, předpoklad

hypotéza, předpoklad

Ex: After analyzing the data , they either confirmed or refuted their hypothesis.
i.e.
[Příslovce]

used to introduce a clarification or explanation

tj., to jest

tj., to jest

Ex: She’s a top athlete, i.e., she’s won multiple national championships.
in absentia
[Příslovce]

while absent; although absent

v nepřítomnosti, v době nepřítomnosti

v nepřítomnosti, v době nepřítomnosti

libido
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychoanalysis) a Freudian term for sexual urge or desire

libido, sexuální touha

libido, sexuální touha

magna cum laude
[Přídavné jméno]

with high honor; with high academic distinction

s vysokými poctami, s vyznamenáním

s vysokými poctami, s vyznamenáním

per capita
[Příslovce]

per person

na osobu, na hlavu

na osobu, na hlavu

Ex: The study examined the energy per capita in different cities .
per se
[Příslovce]

used to describe something as it is, without comparing it to other things

samo o sobě, per se

samo o sobě, per se

Ex: The policy is n't per se, but its impact on certain groups needs consideration .
persona
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) a person's social representation or the impression other's have of a certain individual which is concealing the true self

persona, maska

persona, maska

postmortem
[Přídavné jméno]

occurring or done after death

pohřební, předsmrtelný

pohřební, předsmrtelný

post scriptum
[Podstatné jméno]

an additional thought or comment added after the main body of a letter or document, usually after the signature

poštovní dodatek, dodatek

poštovní dodatek, dodatek

Ex: I included post scriptum in my thank-you note to let her know I had found the lost book .
proforma
[Podstatné jméno]

something done as a formality or for the sake of procedure, often without necessarily having practical significance

proforma, proforma faktura

proforma, proforma faktura

Ex: He signed proforma contract , even though the terms had already been agreed upon .
quantum
[Podstatné jméno]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

kvantum, quantum

kvantum, quantum

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.
rectum
[Podstatné jméno]

the final part of the large intestine where waste is collected before being passed through the anus

rekto, konečník

rekto, konečník

scrotum
[Podstatné jméno]

a pouch of skin that houses the testicles in the male reproductive system

skrotum, měšec

skrotum, měšec

sputum
[Podstatné jméno]

mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or disease

sputum, hlenu

sputum, hlenu

Ex: Effective treatment of pneumonia often involves clearing the lungs sputum to improve breathing .
status
[Podstatné jméno]

the condition or situation of something or someone at a particular moment in time

Ex: The company 's status improved after the new investment .
status quo
[Podstatné jméno]

the situation or condition that is currently at hand

status quo, současný stav

status quo, současný stav

Ex: The company ’s policy aims to preserve status quo in terms of employee benefits .
verbatim
[Příslovce]

exactly as spoken or written originally without any changes or additions

doslovně, slovo od slova

doslovně, slovo od slova

Ex: The witness recited the verbatim as they occurred on that fateful day .
vice versa
[Příslovce]

with the order or relations reversed

naopak, obráceně

naopak, obráceně

Ex: He prefers to run in the morning and relax in the evening , vice versa works just as well for her .
aficionado
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who is knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a particular activity, subject, or interest

znalec, nadšenec

znalec, nadšenec

Ex: He is a aficionado who knows every player 's statistics .
cabana
[Podstatné jméno]

a hut, shelter, or cabin, usually at a swimming pool or beach

brouzdaliště, chatka

brouzdaliště, chatka

Ex: As the sun began to set , they lit candles in cabana, transforming it into a romantic oasis by the sea .
cantina
[Podstatné jméno]

a bar or small restaurant, often one that serves wine or alcoholic beverages, especially in Mediterranean countries

cantina, bar

cantina, bar

Ex: He excused himself to cantina, though he was actually just heading to the bathroom .
chaparral
[Podstatné jméno]

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

keřovitý porost, chaparral

keřovitý porost, chaparral

chicano
[Podstatné jméno]

a person of Mexican descent

chicano, Chicanin

chicano, Chicanin

gringo
[Podstatné jméno]

a Latin American (disparaging) term for foreigners (especially Americans and Englishmen)

gringo, cizinec

gringo, cizinec

hasta la vista
[Citoslovce]

***until the (next) view : see you later

na shledanou, uvidíme se později

na shledanou, uvidíme se později

used to say "see you tomorrow," often used as a friendly farewell when you expect to meet someone again the next day

Ex: She waved goodbye and said, 'Hasta mañana!'
incommunicado
[Přídavné jméno]

without the means or right to communicate

v izolaci, bez prostředků ke komunikaci

v izolaci, bez prostředků ke komunikaci

macho
[Přídavné jméno]

used of men; markedly masculine in appearance or manner

macho, maskulinní

macho, maskulinní

matador
[Podstatné jméno]

the principal bullfighter who is appointed to make the final passes and kill the bull

matador, bullfighter

matador, bullfighter

mucho
[Příslovce]

used to express a large quantity or degree of something, meaning "much," "a lot," or "many" depending on context

velmi, mnoho

velmi, mnoho

Ex: He runs mucho faster than I do.
padre
[Podstatné jméno]

a chaplain in one of the military services

kaplan, vojenský kaplan

kaplan, vojenský kaplan

poncho
[Podstatné jméno]

a simple, sleeveless outer garment, worn over the body to provide warmth and protection from the elements

pončo, pláštěnka

pončo, pláštěnka

pronto
[Příslovce]

without wasting any time; immediately

hned, okamžitě

hned, okamžitě

Ex: They’ll be here pronto, just waiting on the last couple of things to wrap up.
Senor
[Podstatné jméno]

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English `Mr' or `sir'

Pán, Pane

Pán, Pane

Senora
[Podstatné jméno]

a Spanish title or form of address for a married woman; similar to the English `Mrs' or `madam'

paní, senzora

paní, senzora

ma'am
[Podstatné jméno]

a woman of refinement

paní, dáma

paní, dáma

Senorita
[Podstatné jméno]

a Spanish title or form of address used to or of an unmarried girl or woman; similar to the English `Miss'

Slečna, Paní na volné noze

Slečna, Paní na volné noze

sombrero
[Podstatné jméno]

a felt or straw hat with a wide brim and a tall crown, typically worn by Mexican men

sombrero, klobouk

sombrero, klobouk

bagel
[Podstatné jméno]

(Yiddish) glazed yeast-raised doughnut-shaped roll with hard crust

bágl, báglík

bágl, báglík

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