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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Tiempo y Espacio

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre tiempo y espacio, como "wane", "dwarf", "nebula", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
biennial
biennial
[Adjetivo]

occurring once every two years

bienal

bienal

fiscal year
fiscal year
[Sustantivo]

a period of 12 months based on which a company, government or individual does financial reporting or budgeting

año fiscal

año fiscal

epoch
epoch
[Sustantivo]

a period of time in history or someone's life, during which significant events happen

época

época

Ex: The Industrial Revolution was an epoch that transformed economies and societies around the world. 

La Revolución Industrial fue una época que transformó las economías y las sociedades de todo el mundo.

wormhole
wormhole
[Sustantivo]

(physics) a theoretical tunnel through space-time that could connect two distant points in the universe

Ex: The black hole's gravity might theoretically warp space-time enough to form a wormhole. 
to wane
to wane
[Verbo]

(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

menguar

menguar

Ex: The light from the moon will wane until it's barely visible. 

La luz de la luna menguará hasta que sea apenas visible.

to wax
to wax
[Verbo]

(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

crecer

crecer

Ex: As the days pass, the moon waxes, revealing more of its illuminated side to Earth. 

A medida que pasan los días, la luna crece, revelando más de su lado iluminado a la Tierra.

to elapse
to elapse
[Verbo]

(of time) to pass by

transcurrir

transcurrir

Ex: Years have elapsed since we last visited that place. 

Han transcurrido años desde la última vez que visitamos ese lugar.

twilight
twilight
[Sustantivo]

the time in the evening when the sun is below the horizon

anochecer

anochecer

Ex: Twilight is often considered a magical time when the world transitions from day to night. 

El crepúsculo a menudo se considera un momento mágico cuando el mundo pasa del día a la noche.

space-time
space-time
[Sustantivo]

the theory that adds the notion of time to that of a three-dimensional space

espacio-tiempo

espacio-tiempo

Ex: Black holes are regions of space-time where gravity is so intense that not even light can escape. 

Los agujeros negros son regiones del espacio-tiempo donde la gravedad es tan intensa que ni siquiera la luz puede escapar.

shooting star
shooting star
[Sustantivo]

a usually small meteor that burns with a bright light when entering the earth's atmosphere

estrella fugaz

estrella fugaz

Ex: The meteor shower was so beautiful, with dozens of shooting stars. 

La lluvia de meteoros fue tan hermosa, con docenas de estrellas fugaces.

dwarf
dwarf
[Sustantivo]

a star that is relatively small in size or mass and is not very bright

enano

enano

Ex: The discovery of a new dwarf galaxy orbiting the Milky Way provided insights into galactic evolution. 

El descubrimiento de una nueva galaxia enana orbitando la Vía Láctea proporcionó información sobre la evolución galáctica.

Nebula
Nebula
[Sustantivo]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

nebulosa

nebulosa

Ex: Nebulae are often the sites where new stars and planets are born. 

Las nebulosas son a menudo los lugares donde nacen nuevas estrellas y planetas.

meteoroid
meteoroid
[Sustantivo]

a small celestial body that becomes visible as a meteor upon entrance into the atmosphere of the earth

meteroide

meteroide

Ex: When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere and vaporizes due to friction with the air, it creates a streak of light known as a meteor or shooting star. 

Cuando un meteoroide entra en la atmósfera terrestre y se vaporiza debido a la fricción con el aire, crea un rastro de luz conocido como meteoro o estrella fugaz.

astrophysics
astrophysics
[Sustantivo]

the branch of physics that studies celestial objects and phenomena in the universe, such as stars, galaxies, and cosmic radiation

astrofísica

astrofísica

Ex: The astrophysics department at the university is renowned for its research on dark matter and dark energy. 

El departamento de astrofísica de la universidad es reconocido por su investigación sobre la materia oscura y la energía oscura.

astrobiology
astrobiology
[Sustantivo]

a branch of biology that deals with the study of life in space

astrobiología

astrobiología

Ex: The discovery of extremophiles has expanded the scope of astrobiology, revealing life forms that can survive in extreme environments. 

El descubrimiento de los extremófilos ha ampliado el alcance de la astrobiología, revelando formas de vida que pueden sobrevivir en ambientes extremos.

aurora borealis
aurora borealis
[Sustantivo]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the northern magnetic pole

aurora boreal

aurora boreal

Ex: The best places to witness the aurora borealis are in northern latitudes, such as Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Iceland. 

Los mejores lugares para presenciar las auroras boreales están en latitudes norteñas, como Alaska, Canadá, Escandinavia e Islandia.

aurora australis
aurora australis
[Sustantivo]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the southern magnetic pole

aurora austral

aurora austral

Ex: The best places to witness the aurora australis are in Antarctica, southern Australia, New Zealand, and other southern high-latitude regions. 

Los mejores lugares para presenciar la aurora austral son en la Antártida, el sur de Australia, Nueva Zelanda y otras regiones de alta latitud sur.

Greenwich Mean Time

the time as measured at Greenwich, London, on the line of 0° longitude, used to calculate the time across the globe

GMT

GMT

Ex: All time zones are calculated relative to Greenwich Mean Time. 

Todos los husos horarios se calculan en relación con el tiempo medio de Greenwich.

centennial
centennial
[Sustantivo]

the 100th anniversary of an event or occasion

centenario

centenario

bicentennial
bicentennial
[Sustantivo]

the 200th anniversary of an event or occasion

bicentenario

bicentenario

perpetual
perpetual
[Adjetivo]

continuing forever or indefinitely into the future

perpetuo

perpetuo

Ex: The museum has a perpetual exhibition of historical artifacts. 

El museo tiene una exposición perpetua de artefactos históricos.

gregorian calendar
gregorian calendar
[Sustantivo]

the calendar introduced by Pope Gregory XII in 1582, as a modification for the Julian Calendar, presently used in many parts of the world

calendario gregoriano

calendario gregoriano

exoplanet
exoplanet
[Sustantivo]

a planet that is outside the solar system

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

exoplaneta, planeta extrasolar

Ex: The Kepler Space Telescope has been instrumental in identifying distant exoplanets using the transit method. 

El telescopio espacial Kepler ha sido fundamental para identificar exoplanetas distantes utilizando el método de tránsito.

full moon
full moon
[Sustantivo]

the complete and round-shaped moon as seen from the earth

luna llena

luna llena

Ex: The full moon illuminated the night sky, casting a soft glow over the landscape. 

La luna llena iluminó el cielo nocturno, proyectando un suave resplandor sobre el paisaje.

crescent
crescent
[Adjetivo]

denoting the shape of the new moon

de medialuna

de medialuna

eon
eon
[Sustantivo]

an endless or lengthy period of time

eón

eón

Ex: It has been eons since I last saw him. 

Han pasado eones desde la última vez que lo vi.

zodiac
zodiac
[Sustantivo]

(astronomy) the celestial zone in the sky where the sun, moon, and planets appear to move, traditionally divided into twelve equal segments, each associated with a distinct name and symbol

zodíaco

zodíaco

Ex: The zodiac is divided into twelve astrological signs, each representing different personality traits. 

El zodiaco se divide en doce signos astrológicos, cada uno representando diferentes rasgos de personalidad.

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