pattern

Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Lengua y Gramática

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre lengua y gramática, como "etymology", "gender", "allusion", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

Revisión

Tarjetas de memoria

Ortografía

Cuestionario

Empezar a aprender
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
etymology
etymology
[Sustantivo]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimología

etimología

Ex: The dictionary includes information on the etymology of words to provide linguistic context. 

El diccionario incluye información sobre la etimología de las palabras para proporcionar contexto lingüístico.

phonetics
phonetics
[Sustantivo]

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

fonética

fonética

Ex: The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of phonetic notation used to represent the sounds of spoken language in a standardized way. 

El alfabeto fonético internacional (AFI) es un sistema de notación fonética utilizado para representar los sonidos del lenguaje hablado de manera estandarizada.

linguistics
linguistics
[Sustantivo]

the study of the evolution and structure of language in general or of certain languages

lingüística

lingüística

declension
declension
[Sustantivo]

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

declinación

declinación

Ex: The Old English language had a complex system of declension, with different forms for nouns depending on case, number, and gender. 

El idioma inglés antiguo tenía un sistema complejo de declinación, con diferentes formas para los sustantivos dependiendo del caso, número y género.

to conjugate

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

conjugar

conjugar

Ex: In Spanish class, we learned how to conjugate regular verbs in the present tense. 

En la clase de español, aprendimos a conjugar los verbos regulares en el tiempo presente.

gender
gender
[Sustantivo]

(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter

género

género

Ex: English does not have grammatical gender in the same way as many other languages, although pronouns like 'he,' 'she,' and 'it' can indicate natural gender. 

El inglés no tiene género gramatical de la misma manera que muchos otros idiomas, aunque pronombres como 'él', 'ella' y 'eso' pueden indicar género natural.

subjunctive
subjunctive
[Adjetivo]

(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

subjuntivo

subjuntivo

Ex: In grammar, the subjunctive mood is used to express hypothetical situations, wishes, or possibilities, such as 'If I were rich, I would travel the world. 

En gramática, el modo subjuntivo se usa para expresar situaciones hipotéticas, deseos o posibilidades, como en 'Si fuera rico, viajaría por el mundo.'

prefix
prefix
[Sustantivo]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

prefijo

prefijo

Ex: The dictionary provided a list of prefixes and their meanings to help with word formation and understanding. 

El diccionario proporcionó una lista de prefijos y sus significados para ayudar con la formación y comprensión de palabras.

suffix
suffix
[Sustantivo]

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

sufijo

sufijo

Ex: Students practiced adding different suffixes to root words to see how their meanings changed. 

Los estudiantes practicaron agregar diferentes sufijos a las palabras raíz para ver cómo cambiaban sus significados.

adjectival
adjectival
[Adjetivo]

(grammar) connected with or functioning as an adjective

adjetival

adjetival

Ex: Adjectival phrases can include more than one word, such as "full of hope." 

Las frases adjetivales pueden incluir más de una palabra, como "lleno de esperanza".

adverbial
adverbial
[Adjetivo]

connected with or functioning as an adverb

adverbial

adverbial

jargon
jargon
[Sustantivo]

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

jerga

jerga

Ex: In the tech industry, jargon like 'API,' 'frontend,' and 'backend' is commonly used among developers but may be unclear to those without technical knowledge. 

En la industria tecnológica, el jerga como 'API', 'frontend' y 'backend' se usa comúnmente entre los desarrolladores pero puede ser poco claro para aquellos sin conocimientos técnicos.

sarcasm
sarcasm
[Sustantivo]

the use of words that convey the opposite meaning as a way to annoy someone or for creating a humorous effect

sarcasmo

sarcasmo

Ex: His sarcastic remark about the team’s performance earned him a few disapproving glances. 

Su comentario sarcástico sobre el desempeño del equipo le valió algunas miradas de desaprobación.

allusion
allusion
[Sustantivo]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

alusión, referencia

alusión, referencia

Ex: In his speech, he made an allusion to the Trojan War, drawing a parallel between their struggle and that of ancient heroes. 

En su discurso, hizo una alusión a la Guerra de Troya, estableciendo un paralelismo entre su lucha y la de los héroes antiguos.

analogy
analogy
[Sustantivo]

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

analogía

analogía

Ex: She used an analogy to explain how a computer works like a brain. 

Ella usó una analogía para explicar cómo una computadora funciona como un cerebro.

alliteration
alliteration
[Sustantivo]

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

aliteración

aliteración

Ex: Alliteration is a common feature in tongue twisters. 

Alineación es una característica común en los trabalenguas.

to articulate

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

expresar bien

expresar bien

Ex: It is important for a teacher to articulate instructions clearly to ensure students understand the lesson. 

Es importante que un profesor articule las instrucciones con claridad para asegurarse de que los estudiantes entiendan la lección.

affirmative
affirmative
[Adjetivo]

(grammar) expressing or indicating a positive statement or response

afirmativo

afirmativo

Ex: The student's reply was grammatically affirmative. 

La respuesta del estudiante fue gramaticalmente afirmativa.

euphemism
euphemism
[Sustantivo]

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

eufemismo

eufemismo

Ex: The phrase 'passed away' is a common euphemism for 'died,' used to soften the harsh reality of death. 

La frase 'passed away' es un eufemismo común para 'died', utilizado para suavizar la dura realidad de la muerte.

irony
irony
[Sustantivo]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironía

ironía

Ex: His speech was filled with irony, making fun of the company’s so-called "success." 

Su discurso estuvo lleno de ironía, burlándose del llamado «éxito» de la empresa.

paradox
paradox
[Sustantivo]

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

paradoja

paradoja

Ex: It’s a paradox that standing is more tiring than walking, even though walking requires more movement. 

Es un paradoja que estar de pie sea más agotador que caminar, aunque caminar requiera más movimiento.

hyperbole
hyperbole
[Sustantivo]

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

hipérbole

hipérbole

Ex: The comedian's routine was full of hyperbole, exaggerating everyday situations to absurd proportions for comedic effect. 

La rutina del comediante estaba llena de hipérbole, exagerando situaciones cotidianas a proporciones absurdas para un efecto cómico.

pun
pun
[Sustantivo]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

calambur

calambur

Ex: "I used to be a baker, but I couldn't make enough dough," is a classic pun. 

« Solía ser panadero, pero no ganaba suficiente masa », es un juego de palabras clásico.

rhetorical
rhetorical
[Adjetivo]

connected with the art of writing or speaking in an effective or persuasive way

retórico

retórico

Ex: The advertisement used rhetorical questions to engage viewers and prompt them to think. 

El anuncio utilizó preguntas retóricas para involucrar a los espectadores y hacerlos pensar.

satire
satire
[Sustantivo]

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

sátira

sátira

Ex: The cartoonist's satire of political leaders sparked public debate. 

La sátira del caricaturista sobre los líderes políticos provocó un debate público.

tautology
tautology
[Sustantivo]

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

tautología

tautología

Ex: In linguistics, a tautology is the redundant repetition of an idea, where the same concept is expressed multiple times in different words. 

En lingüística, una tautología es la repetición redundante de una idea, donde el mismo concepto se expresa múltiples veces con palabras diferentes.

idiolect
idiolect
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) the speech pattern that an individual uses at a particular period of life

idiolecto

idiolecto

asterisk
asterisk
[Sustantivo]

the symbol * used in writing or printing to show that there is more information about something in the footnote or as an indication of importance or omission

asterisco

asterisco

to punctuate

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

puntuar

puntuar

Ex: To avoid run-on sentences, you should punctuate with periods, commas, and semicolons where appropriate. 

Para evitar oraciones continuas, debes puntuar con puntos, comas y punto y coma donde corresponda.

phoneme
phoneme
[Sustantivo]

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

fonema

fonema

Ex: Phonemes are abstract units that are realized as various allophones in different phonetic contexts. 

Los fonemas son unidades abstractas que se realizan como varios alófonos en diferentes contextos fonéticos.

semantics
semantics
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

semántica

semántica

Ex: The semantic analysis of a sentence can reveal the underlying intentions and implications of the speaker. 

El análisis semántico de una oración puede revelar las intenciones y las implicaciones subyacentes del hablante.

syntax
syntax
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaxis

sintaxis

Ex: Linguists study syntax to uncover the underlying principles that dictate how different languages form sentences. 

Los lingüistas estudian la sintaxis para descubrir los principios subyacentes que dictan cómo las diferentes lenguas forman oraciones.

mood
mood
[Sustantivo]

(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way

modo

modo

lexis
lexis
[Sustantivo]

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

léxico

léxico

lexicon
lexicon
[Sustantivo]

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

léxico

léxico

Ex: A specialized lexicon is essential in technical fields like medicine or law, where precise terminology is crucial. 

Un lexicón especializado es esencial en campos técnicos como la medicina o el derecho, donde la terminología precisa es crucial.

homophone
homophone
[Sustantivo]

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

homófono

homófono

Ex: Mistaking homophones like "bare" and "bear" can lead to amusing misunderstandings in conversation. 

Confundir homófonos como "bare" y "bear" puede llevar a malentendidos divertidos en la conversación.

homonym
homonym
[Sustantivo]

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

homónimo

homónimo

Ex: "Bank" is a homonym because it can mean both a financial institution and the side of a river. 

Homónimo es un término que puede significar tanto una institución financiera como la orilla de un río.

LanGeek
Descargar la aplicación LanGeek