pattern

واژگان سطح پیشرفته برای TOEFL - زبان و گرامر

در اینجا چند لغت انگلیسی در مورد زبان و گرامر مانند ریشه شناسی، جنسیت، کنایه و غیره که برای آزمون تافل مورد نیاز است را خواهید آموخت.

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مرور

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فلش‌کارت‌ها

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املای کلمه

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آزمون

شروع یادگیری
Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
etymology

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

ریشه‌شناسی (واژگان)

ریشه‌شناسی (واژگان)

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phonetics

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

آواشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

آواشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

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linguistics

the study of the evolution and structure of language in general or of certain languages

زبان‌شناسی

زبان‌شناسی

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declension

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

صرف (زبان‌شناسی)

صرف (زبان‌شناسی)

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to conjugate

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

صرف کردن (دستورزبان)

صرف کردن (دستورزبان)

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gender

(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter

جنس (دستورزبان)

جنس (دستورزبان)

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subjunctive

(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

التزامی (دستورزبان)

التزامی (دستورزبان)

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prefix

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

پیشوند

پیشوند

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suffix

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

پسوند

پسوند

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adjectival

(grammar) connected with or functioning as an adjective

موصوفی

موصوفی

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adverbial

connected with or functioning as an adverb

قیدی

قیدی

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jargon

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

اصطلاحات مخصوص یک صنف

اصطلاحات مخصوص یک صنف

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sarcasm

the practice of uttering words that convey the opposite meaning as a way to annoy someone or for creating a humorous effect

کنایه

کنایه

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allusion

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

تلمیح

تلمیح

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analogy

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

مقایسه

مقایسه

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alliteration

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

واج‌آرایی

واج‌آرایی

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to articulate

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

شیوا صحبت کردن

شیوا صحبت کردن

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affirmative

conveying or expressing a positive reply

مثبت (دستورزبان)

مثبت (دستورزبان)

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euphemism

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

حسن تعبیر

حسن تعبیر

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irony

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

وارونه‌گویی

وارونه‌گویی

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paradox

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

پارادوکس

پارادوکس

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hyperbole

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

اغراق (آرایه ادبی)

اغراق (آرایه ادبی)

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pun

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

جناس (آرایه ادبی)

جناس (آرایه ادبی)

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rhetorical

connected with the art of writing or speaking in an effective or persuasive way

مربوط به زیباشناسی سخن

مربوط به زیباشناسی سخن

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satire

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

طنز

طنز

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tautology

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

همان‌گویی (معنی‌شناسی)

همان‌گویی (معنی‌شناسی)

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idiolect

(linguistics) the speech pattern that an individual uses at a particular period of life

گویش فردی

گویش فردی

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asterisk

the symbol * used in writing or printing to show that there is more information about something in the footnote or as an indication of importance or omission

ستاره (نشانه * در نشان‌گذاری)

ستاره (نشانه * در نشان‌گذاری)

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to punctuate

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

نقطه‌گذاری کردن (دستورزبان)

نقطه‌گذاری کردن (دستورزبان)

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phoneme

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

واج (آواشناسی)

واج (آواشناسی)

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semantics

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

معناشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

معناشناسی (زبان‌شناسی)

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syntax

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

نحو (زبان‌شناسی)

نحو (زبان‌شناسی)

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mood

(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way

وجه (دستورزبان)

وجه (دستورزبان)

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lexis

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

واژگان (کلیه واژه‌های یک زبان)

واژگان (کلیه واژه‌های یک زبان)

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lexicon

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

گستره واژگان

گستره واژگان

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homophone

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

هم‌آوا

هم‌آوا

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homonym

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

هم‌نام (زبان‌شناسی)

هم‌نام (زبان‌شناسی)

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