TOEFL のための上級語彙 - 言語と文法
ここでは、TOEFL試験に必要な「語源」、「性別」、「暗示」などの言語と文法に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。
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the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

語源学
the science and study of speech sounds and their production

音声学
the study of the evolution and structure of language in general or of certain languages

言語学, 言語の科学
(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

変化, 名詞の変化
(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

活用する
(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter

性
(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

仮定法の, 仮定法に関する
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

接頭辞
(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

接尾辞, 語尾
(grammar) connected with or functioning as an adjective

形容詞的, 形容詞
words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

専門用語, 業界用語
the use of words that convey the opposite meaning as a way to annoy someone or for creating a humorous effect

皮肉, 嫌味
a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

ほのめかし, 言及
a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

類推
the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

頭韻
to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

はっきりと発音する, 明確に述べる
a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

婉曲表現, 遠回しな言い方
a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

皮肉
a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

パラドックス, 論理的矛盾
a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

誇張法, 過大表現
a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

駄洒落, 言葉遊び
connected with the art of writing or speaking in an effective or persuasive way

修辞的な, 雄弁な
humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

風刺, 皮肉
the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

トートロジー, 冗長
(linguistics) the speech pattern that an individual uses at a particular period of life

個人語, 個人の話し方
the symbol * used in writing or printing to show that there is more information about something in the footnote or as an indication of importance or omission

アスタリスク, 星印
to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

句読点を打つ
the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

音素, 音声単位
(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

意味論
(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

構文, 文法構造
(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way

法, ムード
(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

語彙, レキシコン
the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

語彙, 辞書
(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

同音異義語, ホモフォン
TOEFL のための上級語彙 |
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