TOEFL 고급 어휘 - 언어와 문법

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

어원

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

음성학

the study of the evolution and structure of language in general or of certain languages

언어학

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

격변화

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

활용하다

(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter

성

(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

접속법

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

접두사

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

접미사

(grammar) connected with or functioning as an adjective

형용사적

connected with or functioning as an adverb

부사적인

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

전문 용어

the practice of uttering words that convey the opposite meaning as a way to annoy someone or for creating a humorous effect

빈정거림

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

언급

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

유추

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

자음 반복

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

명확히 발음하다

conveying or expressing a positive reply

긍정적인

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

완곡어

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

아이러니

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

역설

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

과장

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

언어유희

connected with the art of writing or speaking in an effective or persuasive way

수사적인

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

풍자

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

동의어 반복

(linguistics) the speech pattern that an individual uses at a particular period of life

이디오렉트

the symbol * used in writing or printing to show that there is more information about something in the footnote or as an indication of importance or omission

별표

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

구두점을 사용하다

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

음소

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

의미론

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

구문

(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way

무드

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

렉시스

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

어휘

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

동음이의어

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

동음이의어