TOEFL के लिए उन्नत शब्दावली - भाषा और व्याकरण

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

शब्दकोशशास्त्र

the science and study of speech sounds and their production

ध्वनिविज्ञान

the study of the evolution and structure of language in general or of certain languages

भाषा विज्ञान

(in the grammar of some languages) a group of nouns, pronouns, or adjectives changing in the same way to indicate case, number, and gender

रूपांतरण

(grammar) to show how a verb changes depending on number, person, tense, etc.

क्रियाओं का रूप बदलना

(grammar) a class of words indicating whether they are feminine, masculine, or neuter

लिंग

(grammar) related to verbs that express wishes, possibility, or doubt

संकेतकारी

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the beginning of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

पूर्व उपसर्ग

(grammar) a letter or a set of letters that are added to the end of a word to alter its meaning and make a new word

सूचक

(grammar) connected with or functioning as an adjective

विशेषणात्मक

connected with or functioning as an adverb

क्रियाविशेषण

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

जाग्रन

the practice of uttering words that convey the opposite meaning as a way to annoy someone or for creating a humorous effect

व्यंग्य

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

सूचना

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

उपमा

the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of the words in a verse or sentence, used as a literary device

अलंकार

to pronounce or utter something in a clear and precise way

स्पष्ट रूप से बोलना

conveying or expressing a positive reply

सकारात्मक

a word or expression that is used instead of a harsh or insulting one in order to be more tactful and polite

उदात्त शब्द

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

विडंबना

a logically contradictory statement that might actually be true

पैरेडॉक्स

a technique used in speech and writing to exaggerate the extent of something

अतिशयोक्ति

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

शब्दों का खेल

connected with the art of writing or speaking in an effective or persuasive way

वाक्प्रवण

humor, irony, ridicule, or sarcasm used to expose or criticize the faults and shortcomings of a person, government, etc.

व्यंग्य

the redundant repetition of an idea using different words in a sentence or phrase

तात्त्विकता

(linguistics) the speech pattern that an individual uses at a particular period of life

इडियोलेक्ट

the symbol * used in writing or printing to show that there is more information about something in the footnote or as an indication of importance or omission

तारा चिह्न

to use punctuation marks in a text in order to make it more understandable

विराम चिह्न लगाना

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

फोनेम

(linguistics) a branch of linguistics that deals with meaning, reference, or truth

अर्थशास्त्र

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

वाक्य रचना

(grammar) a group of verb forms that indicate if the action or state is conceived as a statement, question, command or in another way

मूड

(linguistics) all the words and phrases of a language, including the function words

लेक्सिस

the complete set of meaningful units in a language or a branch of knowledge, or words or phrases that a speaker uses

शब्दकोश

(grammar) one of two or more words with the same pronunciation that differ in meaning, spelling or origin

समान ध्वनि वाला शब्द

each of two or more words with the same spelling or pronunciation that vary in meaning and origin

समानार्थक शब्द